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compare and contrast the floods genesis and the epic of gilgamesh
the flood of gilgamesh and genesis
compare and contrast the floods genesis and the epic of gilgamesh
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The Flood of Gilgamesh Perhaps the most popular comparison with Noah's Flood is that of an ancient Babylonian story of a similar flood. A quick look at the text does show some key similarities between them however there are also some pointed differences. I will show you both and let you decide whether there is or is not a connection. First let us look at the similarities: *It is set in the Iraqi/Turkey area.....similar to the Biblical Flood. *A man is warned by a god to build a ship so he could survive a coming flood, sent by the divine powers. *The man is told to save himself, his family, and a sampling of all living things. *The boat was to be sealed with resin inside and out. *A set time is made by the divinity for the flood to begin. *The flood includes both rain and water from the surface. *The flood covered the mountains. *The boat came to rest on a mountain first. *Birds were released to test for whether or not the waters had receeded. In the Biblical account, a raven and a dove were released. In the Gilgamesh account, a dove, swallow, and raven were released. *Once out of the boat, the man offers a sacrifice to the divinity which brings comfort to the divinity at the sweet scent of the sacrifice. Now for the differences: *The Babylonian tale never says why the gods chose to save the man in the story. It was pretty much dumb luck. In the Bible, Noah was a rightous man amidst a population of evil. *The boat dimensions are quite different. The boat in the story of the Babylonian flood is a cube, equal on all sides. While in the Bible, Noah is told to build his Ark in a 450x75x45 ratio. This ratio is what is known to ship builders as the perfect ratio for stabilty for a boat but it was not known until the 15th century AD. The Gilgamesh boat, being equal on all sides, would have been wildly unstable and unseaworthy. *The Babylonian man took seven days to build his boat while Noah took 120 years. Why would such a numerology rich people use such a non-numerology number as 120 when seven was already in the story?
Dodd-Frank and Sarbanes-Oxley Acts are important legislations in the corporate world because of their link to public and privately held companies. Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted to enhance transparency and accountability in publicly traded companies. On the contrary, Dodd-Frank Act was enacted to disentangle the confused web of financial service company valuations. Actually, these valuations are usually hidden by complex and unclear financial instruments. The introduction of Sarbanes-Oxley Act was fueled by recent incidents of accounting frauds by top executives of major corporations such as Enron. In contrast, Dodd-Frank Act was enacted as a response to the tendency by banks, insurance companies, hedge funds, rating agencies, and accounting companies to serve up harmful offer of ruined assets and liabilities brought by systemic non-disclosure (Anand, 2011, p.1). While these regulations have some similarities and differences, they have a strong relationship with the financial markets.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which contains 11 sections, was originally created by Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley in response to the several exposed accounting scandals, including WorldCom and Enron as the most prominent examples. As a result of these accounting scandals being exposed one after another, the confidence that investors had put in the capital markets collapsed overnight along with those companies that engaged in huge frauds. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 had been passed to redeem the reputation of the markets. With its stated purpose, which is “to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures,” SOX Act came into effect in 2004. However, the deadlines of compliance have been extended several times due to the significant costs incurred by companies’ compliance of the SOX Act. In addition to the dollar amount required to spend, another real cost that cannot be ignored. As stated by Peter Bible, the CAO of General Motors Corp, “having ...
In July of 2002, Congress swiftly passed the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investors Protection Act at the time when corporations like Arthur Anderson, Enron and WorldCom fell due to fraudulent accounting practices and bad internal control. This bill, sponsored by Mike Oxley (R-OH) and Paul Sarbanes (D-MD), became known as Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX).It sought to restore public confidence in publicly traded companies and their accounting practices, though the companies listed above were prosecuted on laws that were already in place before SOX. Many studies have examined the effects of SOX on corporations in the past eleven years. The benefits are hard to quantify and the cost are rather hard to estimate including the effect on market efficiency.
While the intention for the Act is clear but its ultimate effects continue to be debated. SOX proponents maintain that the act alleviates investor concerns by improving the transparency and accuracy of financial reports. Opponents are saying that compliance
Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) was enacted in 2002 as an anti-fraud measure in the wake of large accounting scandals such as Enron and WorldCom. Until recently, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) applied the same SOX auditing practices to all companies, regardless of their size, infrastructure, level of risk, or available resources. As long as it was publicly traded, whether the market cap was less than $75 million or more than $100 billion, the same auditing rules and standards applied for all companies.
The Act of Sarbanes Oxley of 2002 was enacted in July 30, 2002. This reform is designed to cover all public company boards, management and public accounting firm.
466 compared to .399. The residual plot for the linear regression is on page 5
Sarbanes-Oxley act was passed in 2002 in reaction to several scandals and the dot com bubble involving major corporations. Eron, Tyco and Worldcom were the prime scandals. In the light of those scandals, Sarbanes- Oxley was passed with an intention to make corporate governance more rigorous, protect investors from fraudulent activities performed by the corporation by making financial practises more transparent, strengthen corporate oversight and promote/improve internal corporate control. In short it was meant to enhance corporate governance and restore faith in investors.
The Epic of Gilgamesh has many similarities to the Bible, especially in Genesis and it’s not just that the both begin with the letter “g”’! One major similarity being the flood story that is told in both works. The two stories are very similar but also very different. Another being the use of serpents in both works and how they represent the same thing. A third similarity being the power of God or gods and the influence they have on the people of the stories. Within these similarities there are also differences that need to be pointed out as well.
A good number of people know the famous story of the Genesis flood, but do they know how it resembles to the Gilgamesh flood story? It is mind bending how the main stories are so alike. The main theme is the biggest similarity between the two. They also differ greatly in the smaller details in the events that take place. In both stories the number of days for events are different, but the same basic event takes place. Along with many other similarities and differences. The stories are very much the same, but when comparing the details within they are very different.
Sarbanes-Oxley consisted of 11 different titles or sections. Title I is Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. It created a five member panel known as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, overseen and appointed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (Sarbanes-Oxley). The Board is to consist of two CPAs and three people that are not CPAs, but the chairman must be a CPA. The Board is to provide oversight of auditing of public companies while establishing auditing, quality control, independence, ethical standards (Arens 32-33). Public accounting firms that work on audits must register with the Board and pay a fee. Title I also included new auditing rules. Auditors must now retain paper work for seven years, have a second partner review and approval of audit reports, evaluate whether internal controls accurately show transactions as well as sales of assets, and describe any weaknesses or noncompliant internal controls. Public accounting firms that issue auditing reports for more than 100 companies are to be inspected every year. Accounting firms that issue audit reports for less than 100 companies must be inspected very three years. The Board can discipline or sanction accounting firms for what it deems to be negligent conduct (Conference of State Bankers Online).
The roles of Noah and Utnapishtim in the Flood Myths are quite similar. There are several differences regarding the two flood myths, but the general idea behind the two remains consistent. In the Mesopotamian Flood Myth, the Gods were overwhelmed by the amount of humans that existed on Earth and were unable to sleep due to the noise of men. So they decided to "exterminate mankind." While in the Hebrew story of Noah and the Flood Myth, God grew tired of the evil that had plagued mankind and engulfed the earth. So God decided to start the world over to undue the mistakes of man. Both of these stories display an attempt by the Gods to start the world over to cleanse the earth. Both Utnapishtim and Noah were spoken to by Gods and asked to build large boats from which all who were to be spared would seek shelter during the storm. Both men were allowed to spare the lives of their family via the safety of the boats. Also, the method used by the Gods in these myths are the same, the skies would rain down upon the earth flooding the land and killing all who were not ordered onto the boats.
Throughout the past several years major corporate scandals have rocked the economy and hurt investor confidence. The largest bankruptcies in history have resulted from greedy executives that “cook the books” to gain the numbers they want. These scandals typically involve complex methods for misusing or misdirecting funds, overstating revenues, understating expenses, overstating the value of assets or underreporting of liabilities, sometimes with the cooperation of officials in other corporations (Medura 1-3). In response to the increasing number of scandals the US government amended the Sarbanes Oxley act of 2002 to mitigate these problems. Sarbanes Oxley has extensive regulations that hold the CEO and top executives responsible for the numbers they report but problems still occur. To ensure proper accounting standards have been used Sarbanes Oxley also requires that public companies be audited by accounting firms (Livingstone). The problem is that the accounting firms are also public companies that also have to look after their bottom line while still remaining objective with the corporations they audit. When an accounting firm is hired the company that hired them has the power in the relationship. When the company has the power they can bully the firm into doing what they tell them to do. The accounting firm then loses its objectivity and independence making their job ineffective and not accomplishing their goal of honest accounting (Gerard). Their have been 379 convictions of fraud to date, and 3 to 6 new cases opening per month. The problem has clearly not been solved (Ulinski).
used by the Spanish Fascist’s to house prisoners. “The Wall” is told from a first
Once upon a time. Satan the devil was an Angel. Some say that his former position in Heaven was equivalent to a modern day Choir Director. Satan was in charge of leading the praise and worship to God. Satan became greedy for power and led a rebellion to over throw God. Satan was relieved of his duties, and dis-fellowshipped from the Angelic ranks.