Child Observation
Subjects:
Boy-3 years old, Girl-4 years old, Mother.
Hypothesis:
My hypothesis was to determine the effects of maternal presence versus absence on sibling behavior.
Setting:
This observation took place in the children's home. As a playroom they used the living room because that is where all their toys are. For my observation I used both the siblings and their mother. During the observation I was present including the children and their mother. I am not related to those children. I happened to meet them a couple of times because they are related to my boyfriend. I do not see the children frequently. I will see them only when my boyfriend's family will invite us to a family get together. I did not interact with the children at all, only the mother interacted with them.
Methodology:
In my study I only observed a mixed sex pair of siblings. Where the sister was older than her brother. The mother and the two siblings were observed in the family's home, in their living room, instead of a playroom laboratory. I started the observation at 5:00 PM. Five minutes before I started my study I explained to the mother that she would have to interact with the children for almost an hour. Then I told her that she would have to leave the room for around the same time, so that the children may interact without her presence. I also explained that after the children were done playing together alone that she would have to come back and ask them to put their toys away. This was the order that the activities were executed and my observation was completed by 7:00 PM. I recorded all of their actions by keeping written notes. I had the mother's permission to record their activities. The mother was only aware of this, the children did not know that they were being observed.
The first chart I used was a checklist in which I observed "the behaviors (of siblings) during maternal absence versus presence." (Linda, Musun-Miller (1991). Effects of Maternal Presence on Sibling Behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 12, see table 2, p. 150). In addition, I used a second chart as a checklist in order to record the children's interaction according to the sex of the child and the presence of the mother. The behavioral coding system for these charts was obtained "from one used
In this brief authors Epstein, Griffin and Botvin, (2008), Maintains that young sibling play an important role in shaping their environment. During an individual’s early childhood, attitudes and behavior is developed. However, the author believes that older sibling plays an important role in creating family standards and structure throughout the lifespan (Epstein, Griffin, & Botvin, 2008).
Child observation is relevant in social work because social workers deal with problematic situations, in which students have the opportunity to observe and reflect the characteristics of a child’s development in terms of physical and mental change. Observation has an important role in children’s play it shows the development progress as well as the child’s thinking about events.
STEWART, R. B. (1983) ‘ Siblings attachment relationships: child-infant interactions in the strange situation’, Development Psychology, 19, pp. 192-99.
Cohn, M., & Ariyakulkan, L. (2008). The importance of the sibling relationship for children in
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There were 24 males and 24 females. These college students were divided into three groups and were interviewed with a three degree distance. Each group had the same number of student and had the same proportion of males and females. Each group were asked different tasks. Group one had to disclose something about themselves in a tape recorder while the experimenter was not in the room. On second group, the subject had to self-disclose with the experimenter in the room, however there were no eye contact between the experimenter and the subject. The third group needed to self-disclose and the experimenter did provide eye contact with the subject. On all three groups, the experimenter did not self- disclose anything about himself. The independent variable for experiment one was the absence, presence and continuous of eye contact between the experimenter and the subject. The dependent variable was the time spent for the subject to self-disclose and the duration of the
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In one’s childhood it is apparent that the immediate family members have a significant impact on the way a child grows up. The environment a child is raised in can and will affect him or her in many ways. Developing siblings learn from one another through everyday play and family activities. The interactions within a family provide many opportunities to acquire social, emotional, and behavioral skills (Conger, Stocker, McGuire, 2009).
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