Building Trust and Security in Web Services
The yearning to componentize software development, where software is "assembled" like an automobile, where each component interacts with the other components in an unambiguous and streamlined fashion is very old and deep rooted. For, the most significant challenges in software development are maintaining and changing software pieces which perform redundant functions and integrating such components with one another.
As the industry started to mature, significant research has taken place to find ways of architecting software components as building blocks that are seamlessly integrated, irrespective of where those components reside or how they are implemented. CORBA and COM arrived on the scene addressing these issues and providing a sound architecture for distributed computing. While these very interesting developments were going on, the Internet revolution took place simultaneously as more and more businesses started to register their presence on the web. E-business and e-commerce have seen tremendous growth in the past 7 years where major business functions are taking place through the medium of internet and some businesses are run entirely on the Internet. As a result more and more business software processes had to interact with their business counterparts over the Internet. The eventual convergence of these two paradigm shifts in the software development resulted in the birth of Web Services.
Web Services are fundamental building blocks of software that are deployed in heterogeneous software and hardware platforms, that describe and publish their behavior to potential consumers (UDDI), based on a software contract (WSDL) interact with consumers by receiving and sending (XML) messages through a common protocol (SOAP). The scenario where a software component can dynamically detect, contract and utilize services provides a strong semantic connection to the web and may truly revolutionize the web. But the prospect of unprecedented inter-connectivity comes with huge challenges of security and raises serious questions on ethics and legalities.
Some of the challenges are
Security: How to prevent unauthorized access to critical information, code or a business process? Moreover the pertinent question is how to prevent misuse of critical information, code or a business process, gained by authorized access.
Trust and Verification: What should be the parameters that enables establishing trust between a potential consumer and a provider? Even if 'trust' is established how can the consumer 'verify' the trust?
Ownership and Responsibility: How to enforce ownership rights and accountability? When there is a software failure who owns up for it ?
...The 18th Amendment was passed in 1919 and took effect in 1920. The amendment forbade the making, selling, and transportation of alcohol (“Al Capone” History.com 1). Prohibition was during the Progressive Era, which was an attempt by people to correct all of society’s ills, and alcohol was an important issue. All of the gangsters knew there was a new way to make millions of dollars, and they didn’t mind breaking the law. They found a business to capitalize on and it worked quite well as Prohibition official soon called Chicago ‘the wettest city in the United States. Capone’s empire expanded during Prohibition which is shown in Rosenberg’s writing, …only 26-years old, [Capone] was now in charge of a very large crime organization that included brothels, nightclubs, dance halls, race tracks, gambling establishments, restaurants, speakeasies, breweries, and distilleries.
Atticus’ statement on prejudice and racism characterises his moral integrity and his empathetic nature. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch is depicted as the complete opposite of what people would perceive to be a stereotypical southern man living in the Deep South during the 1930s. Contrary to the majority of his fellow townspeople of Maycomb, Atticus is a man of great virtue and moral strength. He in not bigoted or racist and is egalitarian in his approach to all people This sort of moral integrity is what he tries to instil in his two young children, Jem and Scout, despite the bigotry and inequality surrounding them. Atticus Finch stands as a moral beacon of the town, a label which causes much friction between himself and other members of the Maycomb community. A clearer idea of Atticus’ principles can be gained by comparing and contrasting them to three other characters in the Novel, Calpurnia, Bob Ewell and Aunt Alexandra.
Children are known to mimic and pick up their parent’s every move. With all this admiration and responsibility, parents are expected to be the best person they can be as everything they do will have an impact on their child. In To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, Scout is an example of how children are affected by their parents. Scout is a young girl who lives in Maycomb County of Alabama during the Great Depression. Throughout the story, Scout and her big brother Jem learn and grow with the help of their father Atticus. Atticus Finch is a respectable lawyer who puts in all of his effort to defend the innocent African American man, Tom Robinson against false rape accusations from Mayella and Bob Ewell. His sense of justice and beliefs are
Atticus Finch also taught his children many valuable life lessons and views of life throughout the course of the novel. Due to the things Atticus said, Jem and Scout developed many qualities such as empathy and equality. Very few of the adults in Maycomb at the time had these qualities and perhaps if they had these qualities Tom Robinson would not have been wrongly convicted. “You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view... Until you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it.(Page 33)” This piece of advice by Atticus changed Scout’s entire perspective of life. She began to climb into other people’s skin, which made her understand the problems other people face in life. She learned not to judge people because of the way they act, the family they come from or their skin colour. Not many other fathers at the time or even now could influenc...
Early in the novel, Scout illustrates the courage she embodies. On her first day of school, Scout acts as an ambassador for the entire class. She takes the duty of informing Miss Caroline of Walter Cunningham's situation. Miss Caroline had just scolded Scout for her ability to read, however, Scout still feels the classes' need for leadership. Most children at her age would fear speaking to the teacher is such a bold fashion. Scout shows advanced maturity for her age, and this allows her to successfully act upon her courage, rather than suppressing its existence. Walter Cunningham, himself, was shy and fearful of speaking to the teacher. Scout over came the petty fears that plagued the remainder of the class, and acted out of Walter's best interest. Her courage spoke in Walter's absence, and inability to express his monetary situation.
Atticus is always guiding Jem and Scout with advice so that they will become more compassionate people. Atticus sets a good example for the children when Mr Ewell confronts him. Even though he is provoked and insulted, Atticus simply has a “peaceful reaction”. This shows the children never to get into fights with people when they are upset about something. Atticus shows children about courage and all the forms it appears in. When Jem is told to read for Ms Dubose and she dies, Atticus explains to Jem about her morphine addiction, and how she died “free”. This shows Jem that courage isn’t always where you expect to find it, and that if you have some compassion, you see people for who they really are. The most important piece of advice he gives his children is that “you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view… until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.” This is important for the children to know, because it helps them to be more caring people, and they use this advice throughout the novel.
There are constant problems in life. Sometimes all a person really needs is advice. Atticus, a dynamic character in the novel,To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, had used his wisdom to advise his children and the readers of the book. He has taught his children many lessons that should be applied in everyone’s daily lives- another step toward being an understanding human. He has taught the lessons of courage, understanding, and to no false accuse or discriminate the innocent.
In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus is an ideal father, who sets a great example for his kids. A picture of Atticus is important to Scout because Atticus teaches Scout many important life lessons about life. Firstly, as Atticus talks to Scout about Miss. Stephanie, he states “if you can learn a simple trick, Scout, you’ll get along a lot better with all kinds of folks. You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view-until you climb into his skin and walk around in it” (Lee,30). Scout realizes that one can never feel someone’s pain, happiness, or glory until she looks at their point of view of things; she learns to consider other people’s situation and feelings. She also understands that she will never know what goes in other people’s lives, and therefore she cannot judge anyone. Scout matures as she learns to apply Atticus’ wise advice to understand Mrs. Dubose and Boo Radley, who are individuals that are misunderstood by the community. Furthermore, as Miss Maudie talks to Scout, she states “Atticus Finch is the same in his house as he is on the public streets” (Lee, 46). Miss Maudie knows about Atticus’ personality quite well. Miss Maudie explains to Scout Atticus is a man with moral principles, he does what he believes is right even if others are not there to praise him. Through Atticus’ exemplary role, Scout understands the importance of integrity, and strong moral values. Finally, when Scout questions her father about the possible outcome of the trial, Atticus states “simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us to try to win” (Lee, 76). Atticus teaches Scout toleration, determination and moral courage. He already knows he is going to los...
Atticus is a great leader of his family, teaching his children morals and life lessons. He makes them better people by showing them how to deal with the trial and people making fun of them. Atticus teaches Scout how to respect other people. First, Scout learns to respect Atticus, then to respect "Boo" Radley, and finally to respect a whole race of people, negroes. He makes it a common practice to live his life as he would like his children to live theirs, and thus displays the attributes of an honest, respectable, and kind man. Throughout the trial process, Atticus shows Jem and Scout that true courage is standing up for what you believe in and that all human beings, despite their race, deserve respect. "You never really understand a person until you climb into his skin and walk around in it." This quote shows that Atticus wants his children to get along with people, and so other people will respect them for whom they are.
Another recommended solution is to set up access controls. Access control is a security precaution that is used to control who or what can view or use resources in a computing environment. Physical access control limits access to campuses, buildings, and physical IT assets. Logical access limits connections to computer networks, system files and data. There are four basic types of access controls: mandatory, discretionary, role-bases and rule-based.
In words of advice to his son, Jem, Atticus explains: “ ‘I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It’s when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what’ ” (Lee 149). Atticus shows his children true courage by taking on Tom Robinson’s case, even though he knows with absolute certainty that he won’t succeed. Atticus’s ability to remain strong in the face of racial adversity earns him not only his reputation in the community, but also the hard-won respect of his children. Scout and Jem are finally able to appreciate Atticus as a father figure because he has proven to them that he is a true hero, even though he is not the most popular or athletic father in town. Atticus is willing to stand up for his values as fearlessly as he shot down the rabid dog, which makes Atticus one of the most courageous characters in To Kill A
...in order to properly secure the restricted data contained within the system. The software development team carefully explains the danger of compromised data both in the form of a technologically proficient employee along with the potentially greater and more damaging theft of data perpetrated by online hackers. Financial loss due to inadequate data storage and security is also explained to the client. The goal of this explanation is the realization that an increased preliminary investment may ultimately be significantly less expensive than a breach of an insecure system. In the event the client is unable or unwilling to modify the structure of the system, the recommended course of action is for the software development team to decline implementation of the system with consideration to the consequent damage to the repute of the software development organization.
The aim is to sell products and act as a guide platform websites for their customers it can alter the data and information in real time. Web Services also creates a business data exchange through which they run, such as e-commerce and e-business. Moreover, most of the business is the employees as business programmers, the customer such as Intel and McDonald's, it uses the Internet, telecommunications support electronic trading, share resources and develop services. By the way the business may be able to share with customers, suppliers and other business partners all the information needed.
In any corporate setting or military installation, a need to define proper boundaries and procedures for safeguarding data can be a daunting and sometimes a seemingly impossible task. Delineating, clarifying, and communicating the responsibilities for protecting and defending information resources is the first step in creating a culture that is sensitive and responsive to information security issues.
Trust has been defined as “a measure of the quality of a relationship-between two people…or between a person and an organization” (Hurley, 2006, p 18). Every individual has an inclination to trust that varies due to several factors including previous experiences, perception, motivation, risk, lifestyle and personal beliefs and attitudes. Consequently, companies can build long-term relationships with consumers by providing superior customer service, being consistent and being transparent (Adams, 2014). Companies must be consistent in every aspect of its business