Reflections of Knights and their Archetypal Damsels in The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
In The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights, there are many different relationships between knights and their damsels. The damsels, in some ways, reflect in different ways throughout the knights. Some example of knights and their damsels are Merlin and Nyneve, Ewain and Lyne, and Sir Accolon and Morgan Le Fay.
Nyneve is a character which reflects Merlin throughout the story. Merlin was a marvelous magician who longed to love and to be loved by Nyneve. Nyneve is a well rounded character in this story. She reflects Merlin's weaknesses by him teaching her his magic, when he knew that it would result in his downfall. Merlin states:
Even I, who know beyond doubt that my death will be caused by a silly girl, will not hesitate when that girl passes by. (96)
She uses his love for her as an advantage in getting his magic. However, she also reflects his strength and wisdom by taking his magic and also taking on the responsibilities of watching over the king.
Ewain choose Lyne to be his damsel while questing in the Forest of Arroy. Ewain was the youngest out of the knights, therefore, less experienced and not as strong as the other knights made a wise decision in choosing Lyne. He figured that she would reflect her wisdom on him, since she had seen more and could teach him more. She trained him
tediously and taught him to be a wise fighter and how to capitalize on his opponents' mistakes. Lyne's teachings were reflected in the way he fought against his opponents. For example, when he fights against Sir Gogh and Sir Edward, he defeats them by using wisdom and his opponents' weaknesses. Lyne was very proud of her knight, because he
had become a noble and honored knight.
Sir Accolon and Morgan Le Fay relate to each other merely by enchantment and evil. Morgan Le Fay was King Arthur's extremely, jealous sister who wanted Sir Accolon to help her commit treason on King Arthur. She was cruel and cold-hearted towards King Arthur, and Accolon also reflected this while in deep enchantment. Their relationship was based on treason and adultery, but they believed that they were in love with each other.
One of the most enduring myths in the Western world is that of Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Regardless of the origins of the tales, the fact is that by the time they had been filtered through a French sensibility and re-exported to England, they were representations of not one but several ideals. Courtly love and chivalry and the various components thereof, such as martial prowess, chastity, bravery, courtesy, and so on, were presented as the chief virtues to aspire to, and the knights as role models. Arthur's eventual fall is precisely because of having failed at some level to fulfill these ideals in his life.
The poem, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, tells of one knights struggle to uphold the code of chivalry. What makes a knight a noble knight? Why does this social standard force us to hold this individual to higher expectations? What should we think about Sir Gawain when he breaks his vows in Sir Gawain and The Green Knight? How does Sir Gawain and Arthur’s court pass the test of The Green Knight? This paper will argue that Sir Gawain, despite his mistakes, is the greatest knight because of his repentance and the lesson he learns when he encounters The Green Knight.
Knights were an integral part of medieval society. They originally began with primitive warriors such as the Mongols who fought on horseback for added speed and power, but quickly advanced to chivalrous gentleman such as the Normans. Much has been written about medieval knights with the most famous being a series of legends about King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Arthur and his knights were the ultimate example of what a perfect knight should have been. They were brave and skilful in battle, but merciful to their enemies once vanquished. They were courteous to ladies, and never ate or drank to excess.
Thomas Malory’s Le Morte D’arthur, T.H. White’s Once and Future King, and George Romero’s Knightriders encompass the evolution of the Arthurian tale from Malory’s time to the 1980s. Through this time many things have changed and these changes can be seen within the differences between each work. While there are many prominent differences chivalry or the knightly code is one of the main forces that tie these tales together. Malory reworks many of his sources to bring attention to the grand fellowship of Arthur’s Round Table and the chivalry that holds the knights together. Malory idealizes the power of chivalry and gives a great importance to it throughout his text. Unlike Malory, White does not idealize chivalry, but he does see the good and honorable aspects of chivalry. From Sprague Kurth’s article, “Conclusion,” it is clear to see that White gives his text an anti-war stance and shows chivalry and the controlling moral compass of Arthur’s knights. Chivalry is once again idealized in George Romero’s Knightriders the situations within the film are modernized but the emotions and illusions remain the same. T.H. White is directly referenced within the film and Malory’s idealization of the glory of chivalry can once again be seen. In my essay, I will show how chivalry is used in all the texts above as a bonding agent between all Arthurian knights. As Arthur’s knights honor and respect chivalry they remain as one cohesive group, but once they begin to abandon chivalry the Round Table begins to crumble and chaos ensues.
After killing the knight who defeated Calgrenant, Yvain marries his wife takes over the land; which are responsibilities he is not ready for. Soon after his victory the knights of King Arthur's court come to challenge The Lord of the land, unbeknown to them it is now Yvain. Yvain quickly defeats Sir Kay and then reveals himself. He has now gained the approval and recognition by his peers that he so despe...
Using the rich monk to her advantage, she spent all the money that he gave her, soon realizing the money he gave her was money that he borrowed from her husband. With no remorse of spending the money that would free her husband of his debt, she said “He gave me a sum of money… I spent it in a way of pretty clothes; it didn't go to waste… don't be angry” (Chaucer 168). Leading him to think his debt disappeared/ was gone forever, he soon found out she spent his entire savings on things she claimed he never gave her. This shows how materialistic she is to pick pretty clothes and expensive gifts for herself over the fact of having a happy relationship, without having the decency to tell him, but forcing him to find out on his own. The Merchant's wife is not the only women that corrupted her relationship. In the Death of King Arthur, the king finds out the Queen has been having an affair with their noblest knight, Lancelot, making him rethink his whole marriage. The king thought “ My lady, she wanted to be my wife or my lover. How could I allow her to be either? Love must spring from a loving heart. It cannot come
The evolution of human society consists mainly of ineffective ruling regimes and oppressed peasants. Medieval Europe falls into this same pervasive cycle. Social and political hierarchies intertwine which creates a grossly inefficient system. Hereditary lineage determines nobility. Commoners possess no hope of social mobility. Every aspect of life is virtually preordained. These circumstances revolve around the figure Lanval by Mari de France. Mari de France introduces Lanval as a courteous and distinguished knight of King Arthur’s court. Lanval possesses the most moral nature of all of King Arthur’s knights, yet even so, the other knights of King Arthur’s round table despise him. The many knights neglect acknowledgment of his nature as does
The figure of Gawain throughout Arthurian literature is an interesting one; he appears in more texts as a secondary character than any other knight named, and often gains glory even at the expense of the main hero (Busby 1980, 5). The first characteristic which separates him from the other knights is his relationship to Arthur: it is usually stated that he is Arthur's sister's son, a kinship that is found from William of Malmesbury's Gesta Regum Anglorum (c. 1125) and Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (c. 1136) onward (Busby 1980, 31). However, it is notable that Gawain often seems more like a type than an individual; in Old French literature he is never the subject of a biographical romance, as are most of the other knights, he never has one particular lady's name associated with him, and he is frequently used as a constant against which other knights are judged, the perfect embodiment of good qualities, more a symbol of perfection than an actual person (Busby 1980, 7).
In one of her lays, "Lanval", Marie de France presents Guinevere approaching the main character,Lanval, one of Arthur's knights, with a proposition. She offers herself to Lanval to be his mistress, willing to satisfy his sexual joys:
Lanval was already discouraged with the fact that no one gave him the recognition he thought he deserved for being the knight he believed to be. With Lanval allowing his horse to run away and choosing to go after women rather than his horse showed he actually gave up on his knighthood, which would soon make him seem less of a man to the queen as she was rejected by Lanval. He was meant to show the world he was this strong dedicated knight to only chase after a women no one has met to only now causes him more trouble later on within the story. Not only was he first questioned about his knighthood but now he is being questions of his masculinity. Lanval chancing after this mystery women not only allowed him to grow a bigger heart for this unknown women but also made him vulnerable to everyone else around him soon making him face trial for accusations that were truly false. Being a knight, has many traits such as loyalty and dedication, one would think him abandoning his horse, therefore knighthood, would make him lose these characteristics. However, the horse didn't know him have these characteristic, the knighthood like traits were already apart of him, and the abandonment of the horse was simply him leaving what was once his whole world to only start a whole new
Sir Gawain and the Green knight, one of the fourteenth century Middle English alliterative romances told a story of a beheading game which was used to highlight the importance of honor, chivalry and masculinity. The poem, being one of the Arthurian stories, introduced the character of Morgan le Fay who sets the story in motion (by sending the green knight) by wanting to humiliate Arthur’s court and frighten his wife Guinevere. Morgan Le fay’s Character set a story that survived years and is still revered to be one of the best poems. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Morgan le Fay redefines how masculinity is viewed during the Arthurian period.
When Gawain shows up at the Green Knight’s chapel, his mere presence provides comfort to his host, who greets him: “Sir so sweet, you honour the trysts you owe.” Perhaps the green gallant had been expecting Gawain, as representative of the crumbling House of Arthur, to be derelict in his duties. Gawain lives up to his good name. Similarly, he resisted the unbearable temptations of Lady Bertilak on numerous occasions, providing a mere kiss, in accordance with the code of chivalry.
After meeting with the knight, La Belle allows him to temporarily make her his object of affection. Quite coyly, she returns this affection with her looks of love and "sweet moans" (19, 20).
The roles of women was an issue in medieval times and in The Canterbury Tales. In A Knight 's Tale, the women were portrayed as objects. To men they didn 't mean much. Women for them were there to help only when needed and didn 't hold an important role in society. Women were treated differently and had not much of importance.
The Arthurian Legend, an amazing composition of multiple fantasies, love stories and battles. But what does it all lead to? Some die, but some live with complete happiness. In the legend there are too many instances of cruelty and betrayal, but we must look on the bright side, we must look at all of the great endings. In the legend there are so many instances that end in love, happiness, and a loyal relationship. Many such as Gwaine, Uther, and Arthur are great examples of the “ Happily Ever After “ of the Arthurian Legend.