The Causes And Consequences Of The Rapid Industrialisation Of South Korea
[IMAGE]South Korea is located between China and Japan the north and
south of Korea had been in a war for three years (from 1950). The
population of the Republicof Koreawas approximately 5.9 million in
1997, and the capital city, which is Seoulhas more than 11 million
inhabitants. Since 1950 it has developed rapidly (and is known as a
tiger ecomony) and as a result there has been a lot of migration from
the rural to the urbanised parts of the country. There has also been a
great shift in industry, presently there are many more people in the
country working in the secondary sector that before whereas prior to
the 1950s the majority of people were employed in the primary sector
or subsistence farming (for themselves). This influx of people moving
into the urbanised areas is due to higher wages being paid by TNCs and
also by the higher standard of living and quality of life.
The TNCs were interested in locating in Korea for a number of reasons,
Firstly there was a large pool of cheap (for them) labour, although
the wages that they paid to the were quite high relative to other jobs
available. Also the government backed investment by TNCs. This meant
that the environmental laws were lapse, there were no trade unions (to
campaign for better working conditions and pay) and the import taxes
were made high to encourage spending on local goods. The position of
South Korea makes it very accessible to eastern markets. Due to these
factors the products made in Korea were cheaper and so they become
very competitive in the world markets. Leading Chaebols in Korea
dominate much of the market and produce 60% of the country's
manufactured products. Such companies include Samsung, Hyundai, Daewoo
and LG. Positive effects of these investments by the TNCs are that the
money earnt means that GNP and GDP levels of South Korea rise and the
government has extra cash to invest back into the country, in areas
Samsung as a company was founded in 1938 in Korea. 46,500 employees are working at six Samsung Electronics facilities in Korea. Although they are at different locations, all share the same goal and that goal is satisfying global customers by producing a quality product. Here in the U.S. Samsung is a very recognized brand, sitting along side Sony, Panasonic, Phillips, Toshiba, Matsushita and other more know brands of TVs. In South Korea, Samsung was a governmentally subsidized large business until in the 1990’s. In the mid 1990’s one of the most significant threats to Korean corporations was that their major advantage in low labor cost had been deteriorating against the labor costs in many of the competing Southeast Asian countries. The average wage of $1,144 a month that Korean workers earned was one of the highest wages paid in Asia outside of Japan. Korea had been the low cost labor supplier until the point at which The Peoples’ Republic of China entered the competition for manufacturing of color TVs. The low cost of labor in China would cause Korea’s position being the lowest cost provider to be a position that was in danger. The Korean government at this point was discontinuing subsidies and export credits to Korean manufacturers and at this time the Korean products which had been the low end market
The Gilded age (1875-1900) was an era in history when rapid industrial growth was overseen by the government, which led to a dystopian idea of capitalism and a corrupt government. The political scene was dominated by small groups of political leaders who managed business and corporations. While predominantly an era of corruptness, the Gilded Age also sought the Progressive Era, which was an era of reformation of the United States. The passing of the Civil Service Act required people to take certain examination for governmental professions, in attempt to reprieve the corruption within the states. In addition, The Interstate Commerce Act attempted to end issues dealing with railroads, while the Sherman Antitrust Act reprimanded monopolies within
The apartment and the feng shui that give importance to nature as well as design the country to suit with the urbanization of the world. I always thought that Korea could rise because of the superstar in K-pop industries and TV series which also linked to the tourism business. I never know that the Korean already have plan for their success. They welcome the industries and pave their children toward high education. This make it quite obvious why Thais are not able to grow like Korea even though we did not has to suffer much from the world war. Thais did not take plan into action and our governing system is erratic; we lack a person who guide us to the development of the world. Thais also have a problem with education system. Some students graduate without knowing much about their field of study or being ready to work from the theory they have learned. On the other hand, in Korea’s major city seems like a western city but maybe that is what happened most developed country are likely to get the influence of western
One worker reflected upon working conditions during an interview, stating: “Factory life during the rapid industrialization of South Korea throughout the 1970s and 1980s meant tight communal living quarters and a drastic shift in cultural norms for the millions of factory workers that fed the country 's growth.” Yet, at the same time, South Korea made strides in public infrastructure; for example, “there was an unprecedented increase in primary and secondary education from around 1975 to 1990”. Eventually, the more educated and powerful citizenry challenged the authority of the factory and government, and “in April of 1980, students participated in massive demonstrations... and labor pressure was on the rise”; by 1987 the government announced it would hold “direct and open presidential elections”. South Korea is not special in this - all developed nations have had similar developmental histories, like with the industrial revolution and its deplorable working conditions being a crutch for the west to progress as a society. These serve as a perfect examples of how the sweatshops of industrialization acted as a necessary step in a process that led to a better quality of life and form of
Today, Japanese and Korean civilizations are advanced, wealthy, and independent with their own system of government and religious beliefs due to the influences from China. The majority of Asia experienced changes in government and dealt with inter and intra state conflicts when the countries were most susceptible to influences from alliances made with other countries. The Tang Dynasty/ Silla alliance shaped the future of Korea’s religious and government movements. Art and literature from China also greatly impacted Korea’s and Japan’s society and provided new insight into literary expression through new forms of poetry and a new system of writing. Religion was also a major influence because of popularity and acceptance of new views and beliefs. Agriculture played an important role in the development of Korean and Japanese civilizations because new tools and forms of irrigation led to more efficient harvesting. The bulk of Chinese influence impacted Japanese society through the Heian period and Korea was heavily influenced by Chinese culture during the period when Silla unified Korea. Although there were many factors of Chinese culture that influenced Korean and Japanese civilizations, religion and government legislation had the most impact.
This response will focus on the key issue of fragmentation. In his book Korea’s Twentieth-Century Odyssey, Michael E. Robinson wrote “Multiple interest groups resided within the bureaucracy and even divided the royal house” (p. 16). Arguably, Korea’s sovereignty was lost in large part, due to the lack of unity among different groups and faction. It was clear from the readings that some Korean individuals and groups prioritized their self-interests above their own country’s benefit. Nowhere was this most evident then the issue of national security.
Scientific, medical, and mathematical advances have changed the world; without them the human race would be very different. Inventions have shaped the world that is known today. In Asia and Europe these developments have been very prominent since 1648. Each continent has several similarities and differences between their innovations. Both continents had similar use of electricity, created victims, and innovated mathematics. The main differences consist of the use of steam, the lack of industrial revolutions in Asia, and the differences in medicine. These differences and similarities in the advancements in Europe and Asia have improved the standard of living for most; however, there are drawbacks to them.
of World War Two. Korea was left with a base for industrializing, a high level
The era of Japanese colonial rule is a dark part of Korea’s history. Korea had been in political turmoil since King Gojong ascended to the throne in 1863. This political instability heightened when Empress Myeongseong, Gojong’s wife, overthrew Heungseon Daewongun’s, Gojong’s father’s, influence. Heungseon Daewongun had been open to foreign relations; Empress Myeongseong had not. Seeing this turbulence as an opportunity, Japan proposed the Ganghwado Treaty, or the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876. The treaty lifted Korea’s status as a tributary to Qing China, and opened three Korean ports to Japanese trade. Unfortunately, the terms of this treaty were unequal and it opened the country to Japanese annexation.
America was a time of rapid growth for people all across the country. The Industrial Revolution began a few years after the Civil War with the invention of steam powered machines. From there, America faced a time of massive expansion and modern industrialized cities popped up across the United States. While there was much success across the nation, such as manual labor becoming easier and a huge population growth, the negative effects of industrialization outweigh the positives. A few of the issues that made industrialization an atrocious time for many was the racism and segregation towards immigrants and unsafe and unfair working conditions/the deprivation of a regular childhood for kids across the nation.
After the Civil War and the Reconstruction era, rapid industrialization occured in the United States. This rapid industrialization, often referred to as the Gilded Age, was due to the discovery of extensive amounts of natural resources (coal, iron ore, copper, lead, timber, oil), a growing population of American families and immigrants, an abundant labor supply, an advanced transportation network, and the development of new technology, which all had a huge effect on American society. The Gilded Age led to the rise of industrial capitalism, and was characterized by corruption. Between 1865 and 1898, rapid industrialization shaped the political, social, and economic development of the US to a great extent. It profoundly impacted and reshaped
Despite contrary beliefs, President Truman’s decision to commit U.S. forces to the defense of South Korea is reasonable. This decision was made as a result of North Korean forces invading and attacking South Korea. This attack proves that communism poses a direct threat to international peace. North Korean forces used armed invasion in order to take over an independent nation. The aggressive and violent nature of this attack further proves the threat that communism poses to all free nations. Although many Americans may think that this has nothing to do with us, this event can largely impact the future of this nation. The international communist movement can potentially put our security at risk if we continue to let them attack independent nations.
The Effects of Industrialization on Society The Industrial Revolution changed society from an agriculture-based community into a thriving urban city through many interrelated changes. One of the most important changes was the quantity and rate of products produced to meet the rising demand. Large industrial factories increased efficiency and productivity, which caused a shift in the economy. Karl Marx’s believed that the new changes overturned established economies as well as society.
A nation’s innovation system is shaped by how the nation leverages its endowments—natural resources, culture, history, geography, and demographics—through policies that create a thriving market-oriented economy and accelerate the transition of new technologies, processes, and services to the market (Branscomb and Auerswald 2002). The aim of this assignment is to evaluate South Korea’s innovation policies, in light of its latest ranking as the second most innovative country in the world.
South Korea is officially called the republic of Korea. It accompanies the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its location is between the Yellow Sea and the East Sea. An artificial boundary called the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) separates South Korea from its neighboring country, North Korea. South Korea has a total area of 38,502 square miles. A little known fact is that South Korea is slightly larger than the state of Indiana.