Battle of the Somme as a Great Military Tragedy

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Battle of the Somme as a Great Military Tragedy

The Chamber's Dictionary defines a 'tragedy' as any sad story or turn

of events, any event involving death or killing that can be avoided.

The battle of the Somme is regarded as a great military tragedy,

because of the enormous amount of deaths and tragedies. In just the

first day of fighting, almost 60,000 British soldiers were killed. By

the end of the battle, 400,000 British lives were lost. But what were

all these lives lost for? The British and French gained just 12 km.

The Battle was a joint plan between Great Britain and France. The idea

originally came from French commander-in-chief Joseph Joffre and was

accepted by Sir Douglas Haig, the British Expeditionary Force

commander. Joffre intended to use mainly French soldiers for the

attack, however French losses at Verdun in February 1916 turned the

Somme offensive into a British attack. Sir Douglas Haig, with the aid

of Sir General Rawlinson, took over responsibility of the attack and

came up with his own linear attack. Haig's main strategy was an eight

day preliminary bombardment which he believed would destroy the German

forward defenses.

The Somme area wasn't a good area to launch an attack on the Germans,

because the Somme area had been occupied by the German's for two years

before the battle. In this period, German forces had created excellent

trench systems and were familiar with the area. This was no advantage

to the British, as German soldiers had tunnels to hide in and reserve

trenches.

Most of the soldiers in the attack were new recruits, who were

inexperienced and lacked knowledge. The shells were not fired

accurately enough to destroy the German machine gun posts. The

shrapnel did not destroy the barbed wire which meant that when allied

soldiers reached the German trench, they would be shot down by the

machine gun posts, or German soldiers.

The Germans were well prepared for the allies as they intercepted a

good luck message sent out. Large mines exploded at Hawthorne Ridge

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