Cookies and Internet Privacy
Student José Amador likes to use his email account at yahoo.com. "I find paper so obsolete," he says. Amador is not worried about the privacy of this account. Perhaps he and the many other people that use yahoo email should be concerned, however. All users of Yahoo mail are having their actions tracked.
Yahoo monitors the actions of users, in part, by using "cookies." Cookies are small files that record visits to web pages. When you open up a cookie dispensing web page, the web server sends one or more of these files to your browser. The cookies will usually contain a number that is unique to that browser. Then the next time that this browser opens that particular page, the web site will both send a new cookie and retrieve the old one. This makes it possible, for sites to compile lists of how often visitors go to a particular page as well as when they visit it.
By themselves, cookies cannot reveal the identity of the user. All these files can do is store information about domain names and the rough location of the visitor. That said, if the site requires registration and a sign in -as is the case with yahoo email, for example- then site administrators can combine the two streams of data with ease. Cookies also cannot send viruses. They are only text files thus preventing that danger. Readers who want to view the cookies stored on their browser should search for a file called on cookies.txt on PCs or a file called MagicCookie on Macs.
The first browser that could handle cookies was Netscape Navigator 1.0. Cookies have become commonplace on the web since that browser first came out in 1995. By one account, 26 of the top 100 web sites utilize these files. Sites that use cookies include AltaVista, all pages on the GeoCities domain, and the web version of the New York Times. The New York Times is a lot like Yahoo mail in that the acceptance of cookies is required. Most sites, however, do not require browsers to accept cookies.
Web site administrators say that the primary purpose of cookies is not to track Internet surfing habits. Rather they argue that cookies allow users to customize their experiences on the web. Services like My Yahoo would not work nearly as smoothly without cookies.
sodomy with man or beast, he shall be punished with death by the sentence of a Court
Advertisement agencies use behavioral advertisement, or third party cookies, to track customers on and off their client’s website. This allows them to create specific banner ads that display content viewed and not purchased, in hopes of getting a larger customer return and purchase rate. This practice is increasing among e-commerce and is raising concerns with ethical and privacy advocators.
Crimes of a sexual nature – i.e. gender-based, sex-based or sexual crimes – amounting to genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes are almost always physically violent and/or gravely denigrating. By nature crimes involving sexual violence are serious – otherwise they would not constitute or amount to atrocity crimes. For the purposes of this paper, atrocity crimes of a sexual nature, sex-based atrocity crimes and gender-based atrocity crimes are generally referred to as “sexual violence”.
...ows that the person does not consent to the intercourse or is reckless as to whether that person consents to it’ – Sexual Offences Act 1956 c. 69 (Regnal. 4_and_5_Eliz_2)
* Halley, Janet E.; "Reasoning About Sodomy;" Virginia Law Review; Vol. 79:1721; 193 p. 1740-1772.
(1) A man (A) confers an offense if-(a) he purposefully infiltrates the vagina, anus or mouth of another person (B) with his penis (b) B does not agree to the penetration, and (C) A does not reasonably trust that B assents
a carrying away by force 2: sexual intercourse by a man with a woman without
“Sex offending is a somewhat unique crime, as it directly deals with one of society’s most taboo topics-sex and sexuality” ( Zilney & Zilney, 2009, p. iii).
(Relevancy Statement) Okay, so you’re probably wondering, “why should I sit here and listen to you ramble on about cookies for 5 minutes?” Well, at the end of this speech, you can have a free cookie, so bear with me guys.
The issues of sexual ethics in relation to morality and perversion have been addressed in depth by each of the gentleman at this table. Sexual activity as described by Solomon and Nagle is comprised of a moral standard and ‘naturalness’ aspect. So, in claiming an act is perverted we must first examine it through a moral framework and understand how this interacts with the ‘naturalness’ of a particular act. Solomon makes the distinction as follows “Perversion is an insidious concept…To describe an activity as perverse is not yet a full blown moral condemnation, for it need not entail that one ought not to indulge in such activities.” Along with the examination of the nature of an act, there must be clear justification as to why sexual acts deserve special separate ethical principles. The question arises: does an act simply due to its sexual nature deserve a separate form of moral inquisition than other acts that occur in nature? In this essay I shall argue that perversion and immorality are not mutually exclusive. By this I mean that a sexual act that is, by my definition, immoral must also be perverted. It is also my contention that if an act is perverted we must also define it as immoral. This second part of the argument is contrary to what many of you have claimed. At the outset of this paper I would also like to state my support of Thomas Nagel’s argument holding that the connection between sex and reproduction has no bearing on sexual perversion. (Nagel 105)
Cookies are used to gather statistics on how customers use the site. For example, to:
Many browsers keep track of where you have been on the Internet by using cookies. A cookie file is a small piece of information that a web server can store. However cookies are not without their problems. On...
Bestiality, the use of an animal for sexual needs and desires has long been seen as unthinkable in modern society, but the act has been controversial for centuries. Bestiality, also known as buggery, was considered unnatural sex, along with homosexual relations, coitus interruptus, many other positions and sexual acts. In western Christian tradition, bestiality was seen as a direct insult to the hierarchy that was set forth by God for his creations and was incorporated into the medieval canon law. The crime of bestiality also made its way into written law through secular legislature in western Europe, and was made a capital crime in Sweden in the provincial laws of the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and was added to the national law codex of 1422 (Liliequist 57-58).
Sheikh, Danish. “The Road to Decriminalization: Litigating India's Anti-Sodomy Law.” Yale Human Rights and Development Journal. 16.1 (2014): 104-132. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. .
The arrangements for incitement in the Indian Penal Code are to a great extent in view of English customary law, yet certain progressions have been raised remembering the heterogeneous and multi-social groups that we have in India.