Types and Causes of Renal Failure

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Recommended: Pathophysiology of acute renal failure

When a client arrives in the emergency room with complaints of asthenia, malaise, headache, weight gain, and decrease in urination, the key factor is urine retention. That clue alone may lead to a diagnosis of acute renal failure. Acute renal failure is the loss of the ability to filter, remove, and balance fluid and electrolytes in your body. There are three types of causes, all of which have a necessary plan for treatment.
Prerenal
Prerenal is the disruption that occurs before reaching the kidneys, and are usually caused by inadequate blood circulation. It prevents blood from reaching the kidneys to be filtered. According to Remedy’s Health Communities (2001), “Some notable causes of prerenal ARF are dehydration, heart failure, sepsis (severe infection), and severe blood loss.” Pre-existing medical conditions can also be associated and factor into the cause. For example, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries with fatty deposits), can reduce blood flow (Remedy's Health Communities, 2011). Not getting the proper amount of fluids may cause an ambulance and lead to a prerenal ARF. The use of diuretics can flush out large amounts of fluids, also dehydrating the patient and causing an imbalance in fluid and electrolytes. Patients who have heart conditions take diuretics to prevent other problems and that puts them at a higher risk for prerenal problems. A few other risk factors may include hemorrhage, cardiac dysrhythmias, anaphylaxis, and embolism.
Intrarenal/Intrinsic
This acute renal failure occurs within the kidneys. As said by Remedy’s Health Communites (2001), “Intrinsic ARF accounts for approximately 40% of the cases of acute renal failure.” Three classifications of intrarenal ARF are vascular disease, disease of tubules ...

... middle of paper ...

...take and output, weight loss, stable vital signs, normal breath sounds, and no distended jugular veins.
These goals will help with the patient’s symptoms and eventually allow increased urination.

Reference List

Diet Health Club. (2014, January 14). Retrieved from http://www.diethealthclub.com/health-issues-and-diet/acute-renal-failure/acute-renal-failure-diet.html
M.D., K. L. (2012, December 5). American Journal of Nephrology. Obesity and kidney transplant candidates: how big is too big for transplantations?, 11.
MALAY AGRAWAL, M. (2000, April 1). American Family Physician. Retrieved from http://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0401/p2077.html
Medline Plus. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000501.htm
Remedy's Health Communities. (2011, May 1). Retrieved from http://www.healthcommunities.com/acute-renal-failure/overview-of-arf.shtml

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