Spinal cord injuries can range from minor, meaning the injured will recover, to very severe injuries that can cause significant damage to someone’s body and self-esteem. Approximately 12,000 people per year experience spinal cord injuries in the United States. 50% of all spinal cord injuries occur between the ages of 16 and 30 and 80% of all spinal cord injuries happen to males. The most common accidents that cause spinal cord injuries are motor vehicle accidents followed by falls, violence and
tears, and disc disruption/subluxation) ○ Spinal cord injury (traumatic central cord syndrome secondary to cord compression or vascular insult) ○ Vascular injury (vertebral artery or carotid artery dissection) ○ Soft tissue injury around cervical spine (cervical strain/sprain) CLASSIFICATION • Cervical Injury classification25 ○ Major cervical injury – Radiographic or CT evidence of instability with or without associated or potential localized or central neurologic findings 25 □ Presence of: □ Displacement
Tumor lysis syndrome- Acute tumor lysis disease has metabolic differences that are the direct result of fast release of intracellular contents during the lysis of harmful cells. This usually happens in patients with ALL or Brurkitt lymphoma during the first treatment but may happen in a sudden and unplanned way before the beginning of therapy. Tumor lysis syndrome may also happen in other cancer growths that have a large tumor load, are very sensitive to the use of powerful drugs, or have a fast-proliferative
protect the spinal cord, provide structural support and balance whilst helping maintain an upright posture and also allow flexible body motion. The function of the spinal cord is to conduct information. This involves sensory information from the peripheral nervous system to the brain, and then motor information from the brain to a range of effectors including muscles and glands (Users.rcn.com, 2016).The spinal cord forms part of the central nervous system, so damage to the spinal cord can have severe
Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a disorder in the body’s immune system attacks a person nerves. The accurate cause of this syndrome is unknown, stomach flu and respiratory function is however caused by GBS that can cause an infectious illness. (Parry & Steinberg, 2007, pg. 24). Guillain-Barre syndrome is a uncommon disorder, it usually starts with a tingling and weakness starting in a persons feet of legs and slowly spreading to the upper body and arms. These symptoms occur after four weeks and
What is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)? CRPS, also known as RSD (“Regional Pain Syndrome’), is a condition in which chronic pain affects a limb. Generally the limb has suffered damage through an injury or trauma, such as fractures, sprains, strains, soft tissue injuries, muscular dystrophy, or even a common medical procedure. Although some pain is usual after an injury, CRPS is continued magnified chronic pain after the injury should have healed. CRPS is usually a clinical diagnosis that
Polio case since 1979. There are three types of Polio; Sub-Clinical, Non-Paralytic, and Paralytic. Approximately 95% of Polio cases are Sub-Clinical, victims may not have symptoms. Sub-Clinical Polio does not affect the central nervous system. Non-Paralytic does infect the central nervous system, has mild symptoms, and does not end in paralysis. Out of the three types of Polio the most serious and rarest form of Polio is Paralytic. It produces full or partial paralysis in its victims. There are three
A tumor in the posterior aspect of his spinal cord at C6 that has resulted in a spinal cord injury will affect the tracts in the dorsal column, medial lemniscus, posterior spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar ascending tracts. (Lundy-Elkman 2013). The posterior spinal cord carries mainly sensory information from the periphery to the brain. This is critical information to the brain and includes sensations about the position of the body and limbs in addition to vibration sense and the ability to finely
Multiple sclerosis Definition: Multiple Sclerosis is a demyelinating disease cause a widespread degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) which gradually results in severe neurological deficits. The disease is characterized by remissions and relapse, erratic onset and duration is flare up acutely. Each relapse may involve different area in white matter in central nervous system (CNS) . Etiology: There is may involve in genetic and environmental factor, which may cause immunologically
The Effect Drugs and Alcohol have on a Pregnancy People always think that nothing bad would ever happen to them, or that they would never make the same mistakes as other mothers. The fact of the matter is it can happen to anyone and it will happen if people are not careful. 21 % of women use illegal drugs and alcohol during the nine months of pregnancy. Whether it is just one drink or one hit or this is an everyday occurrence; it can affect the baby mentally and physically for the rest of its
Locked-in syndrome comprises damage to the pons (located in the brainstem). From prior lectures, I assume Bauby had impairment to hubs in the brainstem central for talking and facial movements. This clarifies Bauby’s inability to freely breathe, speak, chew and swallow food and liquids. From class dialogs, we discussed how the pons has vital neural passageways amid the cerebrum, spinal cord, and cerebellum. In locked-in syndrome, I assume there has to be some disruption
have either optic neuritis or myelitic syndromes. 1. Monosymptomatic demyelination It is a single attack of optic neuritis, horizontal myelitis or any other lesions limited to one anatomic localization at one point in time. It represents first incident of multiple sclerosis. It shares similar symptoms and covers a broad spectrum of other neurologic disorders. More than half of the cases have abnormal MRI, with other subclinical lesions in other parts of central nervous system. Time factor differentiates
in people who suffer brain damage or dysfunction. Distinguish between the central and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the the brain and spinal cord while the peripheral nervous system consists of all the neurons in the body outside of the brain and spinal cord which provide sensory and motor connections and information to and from the CNS. Define: sensory deprivation; “locked-in syndrome”. Sensory deprivation is when one is deprived of all external sensory input
Leigh syndrome is a fatal disorder that causes progressive neurodegeneration in mostly young kids. It was discovered in 1951 by Denis Leigh who originally named it Necrotizing Encephalomyelopathy. Leigh originally classified it based on phenotypes found in a boy who had normal development until the age of 6 months. After this the boy showed various phenotypes including optic atrophy, deafness, and bilateral spasticity. The neurological phenotypes displayed in the boy were: neuron degeneration, gliosis
Shaken Baby Syndrome Imagine yourself as a sweet, innocent, precious little baby. You are totally dependant upon adults to give you what you need and most importantly love. Your only means of communication is crying so you cry when you need to be fed, when you need your diaper changed, when you aren’t feeling so well, or when you just want some attention. You are crying and someone comes over to you. They pick you up, but instead of holding you and comforting you, talking affectionately to you,
Digestive: Irritable Bowel Syndrome This disease affects the muscles in the intestines. It can cause gas, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation. It usually does not lead to further diseases. Most people can control the symptoms through diet, stress management and medication. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Inflammatory bowel diseases include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. It can lead to severe bowel problems, abdominal pain and malnutrition. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can
What is Multiple Sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system. It is understood as an autoimmune disease, a condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks normal tissues. In Multiple Sclerosis, the patient’s own cells & antibodies attack the fatty myelin sheath that protects and insulates nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord, the two components of the CNS. This ultimately causes damage to the nerve cells and without the insulation the myelin sheath
lower segments of the spinal cord; it is made up from The most common cause of sciatica is a herniated spinal disc (aka slipped disc). When this happens, the natural cushion between the vertebra of your spine ruptures, causing the disc to push out into areas usually occupied by these nerves. The nerves are compressed, and people then experience the symptoms of pain, weakness, and numbness. Other conditions, such as spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, or piriformis syndrome can also cause sciatica symptoms
Introduction Brunner syndrome is a recessive X-linked disorder characterized by impulsive aggressiveness and mild mental retardation associated with MAOA deficiency. According to Brunner, it is a rare genetic disorder with a mutation in the MAOA gene (monoamine oxidase A gene). It is characterized by lower than average IQ (typically about 85), is a problematic impulsive behavior (such as arson, hypersexuality and violence), is also a sleep disorders and mood swings. Brunner syndrome was first discover
arterial blood (Colbert, Ankey, & Lee, 2013). A normal pH level of between 7.35 and 7.45 is maintained by a combination of the regulatory mechanisms of the respiratory and renal function, and extracellular and intracellular chemical buffering. The central nervous and respiratory systems control of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2), plus the control of the plasma bicarbonate by the kidneys, stabilise the arterial pH by excretion or retention of acid or alkali (DuBose, 2012). Figure 1, shows the normal pH