The process of change that transformed life on Earth is called evolution. A result of evolution would be an organism's adaptations to its environment such as adaptations to conserve water. The world is full of different organisms who came from a single celled ancestor. We study all of these living things and the scientific study of life and living things is called is called biology. Everything is organized into different levels in a hierarchy. The first level is the biosphere which is basically the whole world. The next level is ecosystems which include living and nonliving things. Next is communities, which contains many different types of species. The next level is populations then there are organisms which are individual living things. In every organism there are usually organ and organ systems which then break down into the next level of tissues. Tissues in turn are broken down into cells which break down into organelles, atoms, and then to molecules which is the lowest level. In the world there are so many different types of cycles and processes that occur and the goal of science is to understand natural phenomena. In science we also use different forms of technology and we use it to apply scientific knowledge for the same specific purpose. Another big thing that is an important factor in this world if energy and living organisms transform energy from one form to another. In an ecosystem, energy usually starts out as light and then ends in heat. The basic unit of life is a cell which is also the basic unit of an organism's function and structure. There are two types of cells which are eukaryotic and prokaryotic. A prokaryotic cell doesn't have a nucleus but has a nucleoid which is where it contains its genetic material... ... middle of paper ... ...e like olive oil. Phospholipids make up cell membranes and has two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to glycerol. Steroids are characterized by a carbon skeleton with four fused rings. Cholesterol is a very important steroid that is a component of animal membranes. Proteins account for more than fifty percent of dry mass. It consist of one or more polypeptides, each folded and coiled into a specific 3-D structure. Proteins speed up chemical reactions because they are enzymes. A proteins consists of one or more polypeptides and a polypeptide is and unbranched polymer that is built from the same set of twenty amino acids. Of the twenty amino acids, glycine is the simplest one and can fit into tight corners. Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. There are four types of protein structure which are primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.
Ecology, according to the oxford dictionary, is “the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and their phy...
The highest level of organization is the organism. An organism is a living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life. In multicellular organisms, including humans, all cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems of the body work together to form the organism.
All the living beings are made up of cells. They contain nucleus, which controls and performs their activities. The cells are divided into the two main categories depending on whether they contain nucleus or not. They are:
For many year, scientists have been researching and experimenting to understand how life on earth began and what was the turning point. Many studies and research were done in order to answer this question. After many years of research, scientists finally discovered the essence of life to be the cell. In order to consider something alive, the cells in the organism should be able to grow, reproduce, have the ability to process information, and carry out chemical reactions (Freeman 1). Even though cells are small, they are very complex and they are the functional unit in the human body. After discovering the cell, scientists wanted to know what is the structure of the cell. Under a microscope, an english scientist by the name of Robert Hooke was able to first observe the cell under a microscope using a part of a tree (Karp 2). Scientists divided cells into two different categories; eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells; each category has specific characteristics that defines each kind of cell. For instance, eukaryotic cells have a membrane bound organelle called the nucleus as well as ...
“Proteins are complex molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (sometimes sulphur and phosphorus)” (TutorVista.com, 2014, p. xx-xx). There are four levels to protein structure, there is primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and lastly quaternary structure. Each structure has a unique shape.
A system is a set of connected things or parts that form a whole.In order for a system to function properly, the individual parts must work together.Sometimes, the parts create a product; other times, they make something happen. A cell is a system that creates a product,protein. I will use the analogy “ A cell is like a restaurant,” to better explain how the parts of the cell system work together.
Living things like vertebrates and invertebrates were appeared on earth. The multi cellular organism start to evolve from that. The plants could only live in the sea at first but as the time passes they evolve and start to appear on the shore side of the sea and lakes. After that they start to appear on the land. Slowly the animals on sea were evolved like fish and other. All the animals first evolved on sea and then later on land. The evolution started in both land and water. Big sharks and fishes ruled the sea and the land was covered by vegetation. The tall trees and other fungi covered the land. Soon after that the animals on earth start to evolve too. animals and insects ruled the
When the average person thinks about zoology, they usually think about a zoo and or animals. As said in General Zoology, many questions come with this topic. “What is life? In what ways are the various kinds of animals alike or unlike in structure, internal processes, and modes of life? How do animals carry on their activities? How are the many kinds related to one another? In what ways does man resemble and differ from other living things? The answers to many of these questions are provided by the science of zoology.” (General Zoology, page 3). While zoology does involve animals, the general study of zoology is far more complicated then one would imagine. Zoology is a branch of biology that studies the classification, origins, habitats and behaviors of organisms. Someone who studies zoology is a zoologist, and has the tasks of learning about new species and their habitats. It is a job that if mastered, can be one of the most fulfilling and knowledgeable careers someone can obtain.
The Cell, the fundamental structural unit of all living organisms. Some cells are complete organisms, such as the unicellular bacteria and protozoa, others, such as nerve, liver, and muscle cells, are specialized components of multicellular organisms. In another words, without cells we wouldn’t be able to live or function correctly. There are Animal Cells and Plant Cells. In Biology class the other day we studied the Animal Cell. We were split into groups of our own and we each picked a different animal cell slide to observe. My group chose the slide,'; Smeared Frog Blood ';.
Proteins are considered to be the most versatile macromolecules in a living system. This is because they serve crucial functions in all biological processes. Proteins are linear polymers, and they are made up of monomer units that are called amino acids. The sequence of the amino acids linked together is referred to as the primary structure. A protein will spontaneously fold up into a 3D shape caused by the hydrogen bonding of amino acids near each other. This 3D structure is determined by the sequence of the amino acids. The 3D structure is referred to as the secondary structure. There is also a tertiary structure, which is formed by the long-range interactions of the amino acids. Protein function is directly dependent on this 3D structure.
Their main purpose is to survive and their functions allow them to do so. All cells have common features whether they are eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells. The common features include a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA. A plasma membrane which is also known as a cellular membrane, surrounds all cells and its primary function is to protect them. Plasma membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids which are a class of lipids and has many proteins embedded in it. The proteins have a function of providing support and shape to a cell. There are three different proteins in cell membranes (see appendix 1). The plasma membrane also regulates the entry and exit of the cell, as many molecules cross the cell membrane by osmosis and
Science is about understanding and building knowledge about how the natural world works. It explains the inter-relationship with one's life and nature and promotes environmental education and more so environmental habits. Science teaches us as learners’ important skills such as reasoning, problem solving, analyzing, predicting, etc. It builds a foundation by providing a base in case a child does not go to higher level of education. Since science is all around us it is important to teach it so that the children could learn about themselves and their environment. Science also provides the knowledge needed to create new pieces of technology, which scientists used to develop civilization. For example, rather than writing
In Biology it branches out to many different topics. It is known to be the study if life, and structure or bases. Decomposition is a main topic that interests me from biology, and includes different stages of Decomposition in animals and plants.
There are many functions lipids have. One of the main functions lipids are structural components in the cell. Lipids make up approximately 50% of the mass of most cell membranes. The lipids that are found in the cell membrane are called phospholipid. Phospholipid are the predominant lipids of cell membrane. Phospholipids aggregate or self-assemble when mixed with water, but in a different manner than the soaps and detergents. Because of the two pendant alkyl chains in phospholipids and the unusual mixed charges in their head groups, micelle formation is unfavorable relative to a bilayer structure.
Science is a method of understanding how things work. It is important because we need science in order for things to work and to develop new technology that is used in every day life. It is personally important to me because I really want to become a vet when I get older and I would need to do really well in science. Even though science isn’t exactly my best subject, I am willing to put in the hard work and determination so I may eventually get better and learn what I need to know.