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Short note on classroom management
The importance of assessment in education
Short note on classroom management
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INTRODUCTION
This is a report of a delivered session in a core subject to a group of mixed ability pupils in the Reception A class. Keep in mind that they are a group of students ranging from the age of 4 to 5 years old, energetic, curious and active learners. I need to consider the ways of how they learn best by carrying out assessments or diagnostic meetings to identify their preferred learning styles, abilities and interests.
Neil Flemming developed the VARK system in 1987 to determine whether a student is a visual, auditory, reading/writing or kinaesthetic learner. From there, students and teachers are able to formulate new strategies based on which category they learn efficiently. Instead of doing the 16-point questionnaire, I chose to determine my students’ learning styles through play and games. Observing children play certain games may hint me a great deal about how they assimilate new information.
Play is a very serious matter....It is an expression of our creativity; and creativity is at the very root of our ability to learn, to cope, and to become whatever we may be. (Rogers & Sharapan, 1994, p.1)
Being placed here for the past 1 term (4 months), I was given the opportunity to shadow and observe the Reception A students. It makes me wonder about how I want them to learn every time when I look at my students. I decided that I want my students to learn through interaction.
According to Vygotsky (n.d.), humans use tools that develop from a culture, such as speech and writing, to mediate their social environments.
(Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory – work cited in Learning-Theories.com)
DESCRIPTION
I chose to deliver a lesson on English. The aim for the session requires students to identify and percei...
... middle of paper ...
...romote effective learning. If I could provide these opportunities to them, it would serve to be very rewarding.
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES
Rogers, F., & Sharapan, H. (1994). How children use play. Education Digest, 59(8), 13 -16.
Learning-Theories.com - Social Development Theory (Vygotsky) [Online], Available at: http://www.learning-theories.com/vygotskys-social-learning-theory.html (Date accessed 12th December 2011)
Lampert, L., (2011). Tips & Techniques to Appease Various Learning Styles [Online], Available at: http://www.ehow.com/info_12144296_tips-techniques-appease-various-learning-styles.html (Date accessed 12th December 2011)
Quick, R., (2011). Teaching Strategies for Different Learning Styles [Online], Available at: http://www.ehow.com/info_12027207_teaching-strategies-different-learning-styles.html (Date accessed 12th December 2011)
Many theorists have tried to define play as a concept, however, no two agree on a set definition. Their backgrounds and induvial lifestyles influence the way they see the importance of play. Reed and Brown also believe that there isn’t an agreed definition of play because is something that is felt rather than done (Reed & Brown, 2000 cited in Brock, Dodd’s, Jarvis & Olusoga, 2009). In spite of this, it is clear that most theorists uphold the ethos that play is imperative to a child’s learning and development. There is a wide range of different studies and theories which helps us develop our own perception of what play is. In my personal experience I have found play to be a way of expressive our emotions, exploring and learning new things, thus
The second section will evaluate the importance of play on different aspects of social development and in various stages of an individual. The third section will analyze how viewpoints on function of play on development are shaped by historical and contextual factors such as culture and economy. Developmental psychologists use various research methods such as naturalistic observations, interviews, experimental research and examining the natural context of children’s everyday interaction within the family to study the role of play in children’s development. They apply different approaches to study different types of play. Play by nature, creates a natural learning environment for the child.
And there is a four-type definition of learning styles: 1. Accommodators (CE/AE) 2. Divergers (CE/RO) 3. Assimilators (AC/RO) 4. Convergers (AC/AE)
Lev Vygotsky’s theory of learning begins with the idea that cognitive development occurs from sociocultural origins, that through social interaction children learn how to think (Duchesne, McMaugh, Bochner & Krause pp. 84) and how to use and access language and communication skills specifically as members of their culture and society.
Lev Vygotsky(1896-1934) was a Russian psychologist who created the Social Development Theory/ Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky believed that children's mental, language, and social development is supported and enhanced through social interaction. Vygotsky also believed that beginning at birth, children seek out adults for social interactions and that development occurs through these interactions. The belief that social development sets a precedent for development(appeals to the nurture side of development). The general idea from this theory is that being aware, consciousness, and cognition are the end results of socialization and social interaction. It stated that, "Sociocultural approaches to learning and development were first systematized and applied by Vygotsky and his collaborators in Russia in the 1920s and 1930s. They are based on the concept that human activities take in cultural contexts, are mediated by language and other symbol systems, and can be best understood when investigated in their historical development(John-Steiner & Mahn, 1996)." At the core of this theory, " Vygotsky focused on the way that a child co-constructs meaning through social interaction, and the role word meaning plays in the development of thinking(Mahn, 1999)."
...ctive. Play is an essential learning tool and one that must not be ignored within the classroom. It is a catalyst to help children develop socially, emotionally, physically and cognitively. It is not only an important part of a child’s development as a pupil but also a child’s development as an individual.
Hawk, T. F., & Shah, A. J. (2007). Using learning style instruments to enhance student learning. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 5(1), 1-19.
“A learning style is a way of learning and refers to the way that you learn new information” (2). Most people have one preferred learning style and perform to a lesser standard when learning in a different style than what they’re used to. Nowadays, children are told to take a quiz in school to determine what their preferred learning style is, but after a few years, not many of these children remember what their preferred learning style is, or even if they do, they don’t apply it to their learning.
Thinking back on my childhood, I first remember all the times I played outside in my backyard. I would pretend to dig up dinosaur bones or create imaginary realms of ancient lands; there I would perform diplomatic services for the people in need. I was usually alone, and those are some of my fondest memories. When I first decided to become a teacher and thought about what is important to my philosophy on how children learn, I immediately knew I was a strong believer in play. Although, many decision makers such as legislators and school district leaders believe in more academic types of learning styles, my paper will discuss why play is so powerful and important to children.
Isenberg, J. P., & Jalongo, M. R. (n.d.). Why is play important? Social and emotional development, physical development, creative development. In Creative thinking and arts-based learning preschool through fourth grade (2006 ed., pp. 53-55). Retrieved from http://www.education.com/ reference/article/importance-play--social-emotional/
Before diving into my research, I reflected on the knowledge I already knew regarding play and play based learning. From experience, I know that play is an enjoyable activity for children, and even some adults. I know that there are different ways one can play. For example, playing with others is known as cooperative play and playing alone is considered solitary play. There are different types of play. For example, there is dress up or pretend games, which is considered dramatic, play and there is playing with building blocks which is constructive play. After my reflection I realized that I was more knowledgeable on the action of playing rather then the benefits of it.
It is important that schools use a play based curriculum that display’s students interest because children develop different skills at different times. There are two different ways to interpret the term “play” that can become conflicting. Some see it as something that is fun and the only thing that children want to do. However, although it is fun, it is also a way in which children learn. When children participate in play they are engaging in collaboration, communication, content, creativity, critical thinking, and confidence. This can also be described as “the Six Cs” (Gillespie, 2017). These are skills that young children will need in adulthood and they are developing them through play. When students are engaging in play, they are developing physical, mental, cognitive, language, and motor skills. Playing allows students to use their imagination and creativity. Since play requires hands-on involvement, children are also developing social skills. By participating in play, children can connect real-life situations. For example, dramatic play centers can allow children to dress up as members of a community such as a police officer. The student then takes on the role of that person based on real life situations. Engaging in play within a classroom allows children to develop a longer attention span. Play allows students the chance to self-discover and promote
A very wise man; Charles Schaefer, once said “We are never more fully alive, more completely ourselves, or more deeply engrossed in anything than when we are playing.” To begin with, there is no one explanation about what play really is, other than the fact that it holds infinite numbers of definitions according to every single individual. Play is just not a physical body movement involved in an activity, but more than that if you look outside of the box. For centuries, play has been practiced in its own unique way with not only children, but adults as well.
Thought out our lives, we are faced with many different learning experiences. Some of these experiences have made a better impact than others. This can be attributed to everyone’s different multiple intelligences or learning styles. A persons learning style is the method though which they gain information about their environment. As a teacher, it is our responsibility to know these styles, so we can reach each of our students and use all of the necessary methods.
As I reflect on my past assessment process, I realized how much my assessments have changed over the years. In my early years, I used tests for informational recall as my assessments. I felt these were appropriate guidelines in which I needed to follow in order to substantiate a student’s grade. Every assignment or tests was given a point value and then based on the amount of points, a grade was given. Every student’s assessment was exactly the same, and the assessments did not contain any subjectivity. I felt confident in giving the grade based on a valid point system. However reflecting back, I see that I did not include any performance-based assessments or individual learning styles in my early assessment. I also did not take into consideration the individual needs of my students. My assessment approach was awful. I am embarrassed that I use to assess students in this manner.