Stephanie Kwolek's Discovery of Kevlar

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Stephanie Kwolek was the first to discover and synthesize Kevlar in 1964 at the laboratories in Wilmington. In 1950, Kwolek specialized in creating a solid gas based fibers. She was successful in creating the first monomer that is used to manufacture polybenzamide. From this unstable process that can only stay for a while and this result in acceptable solvent that all allow too be in low temperature polymer. When it is placed in the required state conditions, the polymer will become liquid substance, which is the opposite result of the previous discoveries and experiment. After the results, Kwolek wanted to rotate and spin this result into fiber. After the preserving, the final result appears to be marvelous in strength. Figure 1 Stephanie Kwolek Kevlar is made up of carbon fibers and shares the same characteristics as other aromatic polyamide. Kevlar has distinctive trait and chemical shape that makes it special from other human made fibers. Kevlar is made up of mixture of pure strength, high resistance, hardness, and heat stability. Nylon and polyester became available for human production of fibers in the late 20th century. They used to trim the fiber at its edge back in their time, but they need to reach a maximum of strength and an initial value. In order for that to achieve, the Kevlar molecules should have an extended set of figures and almost supreme clear order. With these bendable molecules such as nylon, this can only be made by mechanically pulled after the rotation process. Scientist discovered, in the 1965 at Du Pont, a new way of making nearly perfect longer polymer chain. This method was found that it makes clear liquefied solution that arises to the repeated of the molecular backbone. The main requirement for t... ... middle of paper ... ... tough material is that it has bizarre inner structure. (Figure 4) This is concluded that hydrogen bonding process occurs between electrons dense and deficient. Hydrogen bonding can be occurred frequently to become a strong lattice, because Trans configuration gives big sized straight chains. The fibers have small amount of flaws that can be hard to break. Figure 4 During the cis conformation, hydrogens are very close to each other. While in the Trans conformation, there is more space and way less hindrance. Kevlar is a big polymer that has plenty of hydrogen bond and it is very strong. The structural formula is C14H10N2O2. Kevlar has 14 carbon atoms, 10 hydrogen atoms, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. Kevlar is composed with the combination of terephthaloyl chloride and 1, 4-phenylene- diamine in a process of condensation to have result of hydrochloric acid.

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