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literary analysis of twelfth night
shakespeare and his preceptions of femininty
Women role in shakespeare's plays
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In Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night, the young Viola, having once lost her brother in a shipwreck, realizes that dressing up as a boy herself is the best way to continue living and thriving and looking for him. This play shows how much respect Shakespeare had for women more than ever, as Viola can do anything that a man can do. In addition to that, the serving-woman Maria proves herself perfectly capable of tricking Malvolio, enough so to make everyone in town to think he has gone completely mad. Both of these women are headstrong and sure of themselves and just itching to prove to the men in the play that none of them can think of themselves as better than the women.
Equality of religion isn’t much talked about in this play, but equality of class is definitely a running theme. Admittedly, the majority of the cast are nobles or at least wealthily born, but Maria and the fool provide an interesting look at the lower class of Shakespeare’s time. Everyone treats Maria as an equal, and Sir Toby even finds her desirable despite her low ranking. She manages to trick someone of the higher class, proving to everyone that though she may be a serving woman, she’s cunning enough to run circles around the rest of them. The fool, Feste, is also an interesting case. In act three, scene one, he talks briefly with Viola about the importance of the fool. “Foolery, sir, does walk about the orb like the sun; it shines everywhere,” he tells her. He discusses how much more important the fool is than they realize. He’s responsible for bringing the town laughter and cheer, yet when the time comes for them to thank him he can hardly scrape up enough money to feed his family for a day. Just like Shylock in Merchant, Feste only wishes to be treated the same a...
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...t reached total equality, but we’re not quite there yet. We’re closer every day, though, and we’re much closer now than we used to be. In developed countries such as our own especially we may even be able to live in a world total equality in just a few generations. That’s the future that Shakespeare fought for, and one that everyone today will fight for as well.
Works Cited
Crary, David. “Russian Anti-Gay Law Protests Focus on Sochi Olympics.” Huffington Post 31 Jan. 2014: n. pag. Print.
“Eurovision Song Contest: It Wasn’t to Be for British Entry as Drought Continues.” The Gaurdian 10 May 2014: n. pag. Print.
Shakespeare, William. Merchant of Venice. 1600. Washington: Folger Shakespear Library, 1993. Print.
- - -. Twelfth Night. 1623. Washington: Folger Shakespeare Library, 1993. Print.
“Women at Sochi.” The Gaurdian. The Gaurdian, 24 Feb. 2014. Web. 13 May 2014.
In Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare, gender identity and alternative sexualities are highlighted through the depiction of different characters and personalities. In the play, Viola disguises herself as a man thereby raising a merry-go-around of relationships that are actually based on a lie rather than actual fact. Viola attracts the attention of Olivia since she thinks that Viola is a man but even more fascinating is the fact that Orsino is attracted to Viola although he thinks that she is a man. In another twist Viola is attracted to Orsino and has fell in love with him although their love cannot exist since Orsino thinks that Viola is a man.
The play Twelfth Night, or What You Will by William Shakespeare is a 1601 comedy that has proven to be the source of experimentation in gender casting in the early twenty-first century due to its portrayal of gender in love and identity. The play centrally revolves around the love triangle between Orsino, Olivia, and Viola. However, Olivia and Orsino both believe Viola is a boy named Cesario. Ironically, only male actors were on the stage in Shakespeare’s time. This means that Olivia, Viola, and other female characters were played by young boys who still had voices at higher pitches than older males.
Imagine being a woman in sixteenth century Europe. Females were raised to believe that they were subservient and that men knew better on any subject. Basically, women had no rights. They were considered property, first “owned” by their fathers and then control was “transferred” to the husband chosen for them. Marriage was not about love, but in most cases, it was a business deal that was mutually beneficial to both families – an interesting fact is that like young women, most young men had no choice in the selection of their future betrothed. These traditions and the gender roles assumed by men and women at that time had an impact on Shakespeare’s writing and performances and a great example of this is evident in A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
There have been many authors and playwrights in the world, but none of them have had as much influence as William Shakespeare. When people look at Shakespeare’s body of work, ranging from romantic sonnets to comedies and tragedies; and his overarching influence over writing nowadays, it is clear that his legacy has withstood the test of time. One of his most popular works is Twelfth Night, which tells a tale of love and mistaken identity. Twelfth Night is one of Shakespeares comedies about people who all seem to love the wrong person. A young noblewoman named Viola ends up on the shores of Illyria. Believing her brother to be dead, she is forced to dress up as a man and enter the court of Orsino, the duke of Illyria, as a eunuch named Cesario. As she spends more time waiting on Orsino, she finds herself falling in love with him but is unable to express her feelings because Orsino is in love with Olivia. At the end, hilarity ensures. As all of this occurs, Olivia’s cousin, Toby, his friend Sir Andrew, and the maid Maria, play a prank on the uptight Malvolio, who is Olivia’s steward and appears to only be around to put an end to the revelries of Toby and Andrew. Maria forges a letter and leaves it for Malvolio to find. Malvolio is a character with many dimensions, and as the play progresses, his true colors are revealed. In Twelfth Night, Shakespeare uses the unfortunate consequences of Malvolio’s actions to show the folly consequences of ambition.
“Eurovision Song Contest: It Wasn’t to Be for British Entry as Drought Continues.” The Gaurdian 10 May 2014: n. pag. Print.
It seems no coincidence that Shakespeare had all three female characters in the play disguise themselves as men. Nor does it seem a coincidence that while disguised, each woman rebels against the social structure which prohibits her to do certain things and make certain decisions simply because she is a woman. Under male disguises, the women are able to act with the same freedoms men possess. Thus, it is plausible to suppose that Shakespeare meant to make a statement about the social hierarchy prevalent in the world in which he lived, encouraging a reevaluation of its fairness. Whatever Shakespeare meant to say about the issue, for today’s audiences, The Merchant of Venice certainly encourages questioning the justice of its male-dominated social hierarchy.
Throughout the length of Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello there is a steady undercurrent of sexism. It is originating from not one, but rather various male characters in the play, who manifest prejudicial, discriminatory attitudes toward women.
Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is a play with themes that parallel the folly of the festival it is named after. The main storyline of the plot plays on this a lot by mixing up the stereotypes around gender that were very present at the time. However, a sub-plot involving secondary characters defines this theme even more. It takes the idea even further by relating servants’ attempts to blur the lines between social classes. Twelfth Night’s Maria and Malvolio both have great aspirations to rise above their social class. However, Maria succeeds where Malvolio fails because of her capability to make use of the satiric ambiance of her mistress’s household to achieve her goals.
“Gender hardly determines the nature of a character, in the plays of Shakespeare. It is for this very reason, that his plays are read, viewed and enjoyed by both the sexes equally, even after five hundred years of their composition” (Singh). Gender is not something that defines what a character is going to be like in Shakespeare’s plays. This quote illuminates that in Shakespeare’s writings females and males were on equal level playing fields when it came to their traits. Females during the time period were considered inferior to men.
After Olivia has her very first conversation with Cesario (Viola), where he tries to woo her for Duke Orsino, she immediately falls in love with him. After Cesario leaves her palace, Olivia says to herself ‘Thy tongue, thy face, thy limbs, actions and spirit do give thee fivefold blazon. Not too fast; soft, soft. Unless the master were the man. How now? Even so quickly may one catch the plague?’ Here Olivia states that Cesario’s external features are what attract her to him. Her metaphor contains a s...
In Shakespeare’s time, women had very limited rights. They were expected to be submissive to any man no matter the relationship. Women were supposed to do domestic services while the higher-class women were taken to nunneries to like. They were not allowed in any decision-making. If a husband said no, that was the end of the conversation. Women were required to respect their husband’s word and consider it law.
William Shakespeare’s The Tempest provides dialogue that portrays the social expectations and stereotypes imposed upon women in Elizabethan times. Even though the play has only one primary female character, Miranda, the play also includes another women; Sycorax, although she does not play as large a roll. During many scenes, the play illustrates the characteristics that represent the ideal woman within Elizabethan society. These characteristics support the fact that men considered women as a mere object that they had the luxury of owning and were nowhere near equal to them. Feminists can interpret the play as a depiction of the sexist treatment of women and would disagree with many of the characteristics and expectations that make Miranda the ideal woman. From this perspective, The Tempest can be used to objectify the common expectations and treatment of women within the 16th and 17th Centuries and compare and contrast to those of today.
Transcending the Societal Role of Women: The Revolution of Natural Love in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night
The Elizabethan Era is considered to be golden age in English poetry, music, and literature. William Shakespeare uses the theater as a place to display the latest styles in clothing, poetry and music. Clothing plays an important part in Shakespeare’s plays. Clothing helped the audience understand the character and components of clothing are mentioned literally and metaphorically in several of his plays, often used as a plot device, and used in appearance versus reality.
Love however, is the source of much confusion and complication in another of Shakespeare’s comedies, Twelfth Night. Men and women were seen as very different from each other at the time the play was written, they were therefore also treated in very different ways. Because of this Viola conceals her identity and adopts the role of a man, in order to better her safety whilst being alone on the island, and to get a job at Count Orsino’s court. In the play Shakespeare uses the gender confusion he has created from obscuring characters identities to explore the limits of female power and control within courtship, and their dominance within society. Violas frustration surrounding her inability to express her feelings to the Count because she is a woman is an example of the limiting rules of courtship which were upheld at the time. (Aside) ‘yet, a barful strife! Whoe'er I woo, myself would be his wife.’ Here she is already expressing her anxiety and emotion at being a woman, and having to keep her emotions hidden from those around her. She longs to be able to express her love as a man could, and in her disguise as Cesario she finds an opportunity to vent her feelings for the Count, but concealed as his words and towards Olivia. Viola is unaware of how her words may sound to Olivia because she is aware of their gender boundaries however Olivia isn’t and soon falls for Cesario. Because Olivia is a Lady and head of the household, and especially how she lacks a father figure, she has a lot more freedom in courtship. Duisinberre comments on this saying, ‘...Viola and Beatrice are women set free from their fathers, and their voice is that of the adult world.’ This is seen when Olivia immediately takes the dominant role in her and Cesarios relat...