Is the relationship between the translator and translation technology collaboration or competition?
The relationship between translation and technology is a key question regarding the influence of translation in this profession. Now new technologies such as translation memories, collaborative translation management systems and data-based machine translation are influencing the very nature of the translation profession.
Roman Jakobson (1960) saw the poetic function of language, which I believe can still remain and co-exist with technology. It's not necessarily the technology itself which is the problem, it's how the translator uses it to his/her own advantage. In the following paragraphs I will describe what machine translation (MT) is so we can fully understand its function within translation.
Within MT, there exists a “shallow approach” of translation where there is no need to research into the deeper meaning of the text, and the translation is chosen simply by selecting matches based on statistical analysis. This approach is very effective, and quick to use, however there is always the risk of guessing the wrong option. The other approach is also known as “deep approach”, where the actual meaning of the word is localized, for example a translator can ask the original author what he/she meant exactly. Technically, the TM would carry out this investigation on its own, requiring the translation software to have a significant amount of Artificial Intelligence to do so. This method is still not fully functional or possible with MT.
Here lays the underlying problem with MT, which is that a machine cannot distinguish between complex ideas, or separate the words which represent entities, corporations, towns that are ofte...
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.... Webb. (2000). Advantages and Disadvantages of Translation Memory: A Cost/Benefit Analysis. Available: http://kitt.ifi.uzh.ch/clab/satzaehnlichkeit/tutorial/Unterlagen/Webb2000.pdf. Last accessed 03/02/2014.
Maeve Olohan. (2011). Translators and translation technology: The dance of agency. Available: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14781700.2011.589656#.UyxM4ah_tb0. Last accessed 21/03/14.
Suzanne Falcone. (1997). Translation Aid Software: Four Translation Memory Programs Reviewed. Available: http://www.bokorlang.com/journal/03TM2.htm. Last accessed 21/03/14.
Tina Paulsen Christensen & Anne Schjoldager . (2011). The Impact of Translation-Memory (TM) Technology on Cognitive Processes: Student-Translators' Retrospective Comments in an Online Questionnaire .Available: http://www.mt-archive.info/NLPSC-2011-Christensen.pdf. Last accessed 21/03/14.
The teacher will evaluate the students’ comprehension of the lesson through the participation of the students in the class discussion, the quality of student responses to the paired translation exercise, and from the homework of the remaining passages to translate which were not discussed in class.
In conclusion we can agree that the use of both foreignization and domestication should be used when translating a text and/or movie. We can see that the successful use of mashing both techniques can lead to an accurate translation.
As skopos theory (Reiss and Vermmer:1984) suggests, the translator is the key player in the process of intercultural communication and production of the translation because of the purpose of translation. In this case, “cultural awareness” of both languages is important, with which the translators can identify the specific cultural terms and concepts in the presence of the source text, and try to produce the most effective target text which echoes the original as much as possible. To arouse their “culture awareness”, translators should pay attention to the “cultural word”(Peter Newmark: 1988). According to Peter Newmark, there are some categories of cultural words:
Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, and Wei-Jing Zhu. 2002. BLEU: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation. Proceedings of the ACL 2002 conference, Philadelphia, PA.
Here are a couple of assoications open to translators and interpreters lets review each one to see what best fits. The American Translators Association or ATA offers a vast amount of benefts to its members including the ATA online learning center that gives online access to help and tips. The ATA also offers new freelancers tips on how to start up a successful business. They offers webinars that help enhance ones skills and provides tips for career advances.
This application allows users to type in a word in Iwaidja or English and have it be translated. It also allows users to add or correct words (FED, 2012). The application was described in an article as “a living, constantly developing repository and capture device for a language that is otherwise losing ground fast (FED, 2012). ” There is a WordMaker with a “wheel-based” interface that allows users to conjugate body parts and the ability to conjugate verbs is being developed for the next version of the app (The Ethnos Project, 2017).
Translators are professional writers. For this, you need to know your own language perfectly: grammar, vocabulary, style. Reading voraciously helps, and so will writing practice such as blogging, student journalism, creative writing. Even the little things like spelling are important. Spelling is really important for translators; bad spelling can give a really bad impression to clients.”
Join the United States Of America Of America Of America Of America Translators Association. Through the ATA, you possibly may cause the way you appear, certification for tasks and community along with other translators. You'll additionally be in a scenario to produce a profile with their site which enables businesses to find tran...
The term translation can be defined as the action of interpretation of the meaning of a text and production of an equivalent text that communicates the same message in another language. In other words it is the process of translating text or words from one language into another. According to Shuttleworth & Cowie: "One may talk of translation as a process or a product, and identify such sub-types as literary translation, technical translation, Subtitling and Machine Translation; moreover, while more typically it just refers to the transfer of written texts, the term sometimes also includes Interpreting". In this paper I am going to look at an Arabic novel which called Taxi by Khalid AL- Khamissi and its English translation and compare them by using the domestication and foreignization theory.
In their book A Methodology for Translation, Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet condense countless translation methods and procedures to two methods which was divided into seven specific procedures.
The work of the translator stars with the reading of the ST: he has to study the lexicon, the grammatical structure, the communicative intention of the writer, and of course the cultural context in which is developed the ST, in order to identify the best translation strategy able to express the original intention.
The second type of transposition is used when the translator faces a problem of not finding a grammatical structure in the TL that is equivalent to the grammatical structure of the SL. An example of this type is the English “hand written” (noun= participle) which is translated into Arabic as "مكتوب باليد"
Being multilingual has great importance. As previously presented, it keeps cultural diversity alive and creates better communication with the rest of the ...
The Importance of the Brief for a Translator under the Framework of the Skopos Theory
Doubtlessly, good communication is imperative to successful business, mainly in Global Business. Nowadays, the global trade is strongly increasing and sometimes the companies need to hire an interpreter not just to ensure the success of their business deal but to send a message to their future partner that they respect the language differences and deal with this issue with professionalism. “Interpreters must not only have outstanding language skills, but must also be well versed in business terminology, understand their client 's trade and have an accurate grasp of technical terms in both languages” ( Arc Communications, 2015, para 1).