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Q.Will the rise of Eastern Powers like China and India modify the liberal world order? What impact will this potentially have on the way International Relations have traditionally been studied?
A. There has recently been a lot of talk in the Internal Relations community about the steep rise that the BRICS nations are making in terms of economic might and overall global importance. China and India are among the countries that have made the most improvement. The other pertinent question that has been dogging experts for the past few years is what this upheaval means for the West, i.e. liberal world order as we know it today. It is clear that these rising nations want to assert themselves in the international arena. China and India have emerged as major players in world politics, with different theorists coming up with different analogies regarding the countries’ rise, place and role in the international sphere.
China has made a lot of progress lately, to impose its dominance on the International scene. It is a major developing nation with ties and inroads to post-independence Western Africa, especially in terms of trade and commerce. Unlike the western powers, it did not seek to impose its dominance on those nations. However, it is important to know that China’s rise does not necessarily imply or mean the decline of the United States hegemon. In fact, the very assumption that China and the United States’ rise are indirectly proportional is not always true. The most important argument in this favour is the fact both these countries are each other’s largest trading partner when it comes to total economic value of the trade conducted. Hence, the economic scenario in either country is dependent on the condition in the other. T...
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... place from the East to the West has also been countered by recent advancements in the field of education in both China and India. Furthermore, the recession in the western countries, and the creation of employment in the East has also helped to counter the ‘brain drain’.
The study of international relations has been diversified by the rise of global actors such as India and China. There no longer exists a singular point of power or an all-encompassing force in the arena of world politics. Power is scattered and divided, with multiple points of concentration. The situation is vastly multipolar.
Bibliography:
• http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=15159&a=12934
• http://www.techpolicy.com/Blog/August-2012/What-Impact-Is-the-Rise-of-China-Having-on-Technol.aspx
• http://www.huffingtonpost.com/daniel-wagner/china-and-indias-battle-f_b_833371.html
In the global media and especially in the US print media, there is hardly a single day that passes without the mentioning of China and either its internal affairs, or its dealings with one country or the other. China has become a resounding theme in current affairs because of its new role as a sponsor and a facilitator of growth and development projects in developing countries. The one particular region in the world where China’s influence has recently grown to be pervasive is Africa. This influence however faces a collar-grabbing excoriation from the media, from the West and from the World in general. Conversely, sincere opinions from other onlookers are of deep praise for the good and needed support that China is currently giving to African countries. This dual view of China’s development work in Africa has led to a Ying and Yang identity for her, naturally, and may possibly be slowing down the full potential of Chinese investment and development projects on the continent. This paper in response, aims to bring forth a more crystallized review and understanding of China’s role in Africa by seeking out both the positives and the negatives in the enactment of China’s role, and elucidating whether it has brought forth growth and or development.
The disagreement among Realist focuses on polarity and stability. Polarity can be described as ways power can be distributed in an International System. Polarity systems consist of multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar. The focus point of polarity is how much autonomy does a states has in the International System. For instants, in today’s society the United States commands majority of the capabilities in the International System. Will the United States hegemony influence the outcome of other states power and military capabilities such as the nuclear deal with
The author insists to look at China’s rise from the East Asian context by giving historical references and concluding that China was a dominating power responsible for peace in the region then; and is now as well. He asserts again and again that East Asian states do not fear china’s growth and do not work to balance its rise contrary to standard IR theories based on western experiences. This is mainly because of two bold reasons. For the first argument, David references to the hierarchical system prevalent in East Asia from 1300-1900 where the neighboring states looked over to China as a stable centroid. The second reason is that all the nations today are self-occupied in achieving economic growth and in their internal power issues.
‘The future depends on what you do today’(Gandhi). In Japan, China, and India each country was faced with similar opportunities, and chose a different path that has impacted their future, setting them aside from one another. When Western countries came into China, India, and Japan, each country reacted differently to the Western ideas that these foreigners brought which would then change the culture. Japan and China secluded themselves from other countries, while India stayed open, inviting modern ideas into its culture. Trade then increased in India’s economy, while it broke apart China with the Opium War. Japan stayed strong throughout the seclusion, benefiting from not trading with other countries. The beliefs that the China, Japan, and India placed in Gandhi and Confucian impacted the countries. Gandhi, Confucianism, and Western ideas impacted Japan, China and India religiously, culturally and economically.
... challenge to unrestricted U.S. global-economic-dominance is threatening to the U.S and its allies in Asia. The arguments detailed in this essay of China’s rise posing a threat to Asia’s stability are much stronger than the counterarguments. Case in point, China’s continued rise might begin to foster the idea of neo-Bismarckism and world hegemony. With a continued alliance with Russia and North Korea and a reduced U.S. military, it will be easy to accomplish world-dominance over the long run. If China keeps licking its fingers from their “sweet super-power emergence” it could be a matter of time before a new leader comes along with a new vision and ideology to divide and conquer. World supremacy is addictive in itself. Therefore, the U.S. and its regional allies should contain and restrain China to maintain Asia’s stability before it becomes too powerful to curtail.
International politics traditionally focuses on the relationship between states and international organisations. Despite the fact that the geography may remain inert, the geopolitical situations in regions are shifting over time, and changes in global environment can make an influence on the regional powers. The world’s great powers are the main and decisive actors among states, which make an enormous influence on the processes of the international relationship. Throughout history, the world environment has demanded from nations to get more resources in order to develop their economy and military power. Therefore, countries struggled to get more possessions and territory in order to survive. A high developed economic industry
China has long been known as a nation that has been a part of every history of each country around the globe. The nation has been known as a friend to many especially in the field of trade and business. They have introduced Western nations to rare and exquisite Eastern culture, cuisine and resources only one can find in the region. For the Eastern nations it has worked with, it was the Chinese who have introduced Western merchandise and traditions. At present, the country is slowly becoming famous not only for its economic boom but also due to its rapidly increasing power of its influence in other countries. In the case of the United States, this particular influence of China raises alarm to some experts and lawmakers as it would affect not only the US influence but also the economic sector of the country. With the visible presence of China in one of the most highly impoverished region Africa, many argue that Africa will also be affected by the continuous entry of Chinese workers in the country. This paper will discuss why China’s visible presence in Africa would cause problems not only for the Africans but also for the Americans.
Kavalski reveals that the western approach categorized nations either as supporters of the west or of the Soviet Union. In this way, the capitalist-style knew who to support and who to ignore. Kavalski presents several instances in the past when there has been clear discrimination of “Soviet Union supporters”. Again, the author presents evidence on how China has been ruling out the capitalist style of global politics. This source is useful to this study in that China’s role as a new emerging influence of global politics is highlighted. The author, however focuses mainly on the East-West standoff and in it alienating other global nations. This limitation, therefore calls for further research regarding the East-West standoff, how China is changing it, and more importantly, how this is affecting the international political context. Generally, Kavalski’s book will act as the basis of the study in that it provides a clear distinction that differentiates China (the East) and the
Throughout history, there have been many ups and downs that impacted the way countries interact with each other. The interaction between significant countries has caused major problems including wars, imperialism, and genocides. The overall impact of great world powers from the beginning of the 1900’s to present day has been more negative than positive because of events and occurrences such as of imperialism in Africa, the lasting impacts of World War I and the effects of the Cold War.
The rise in China from a poor, stagnant country to a major economic power within a time span of twenty-eight years is often described by analysts as one of the greatest success stories in these present times. With China receiving an increase in the amount of trade business from many countries around the world, they may soon be a major competitor to surpass the U.S. China became the second largest economy, last year, overtaking Japan which had held that position since 1968 (Gallup). China could become the world’s largest economy in decades.
Whenever world politics is mentioned, the state that appears to be at the apex of affairs is the United States of America, although some will argue that it isn’t. It is paramount we know that the international system is shaped by certain defining events that has lead to some significant changes, particularly those connected with different chapters of violence. Certainly, the world wars of the twentieth century and the more recent war on terror must be included as defining moments. The warning of brute force on a potentially large scale also highlights the vigorousness of the cold war period, which dominated world politics within an interval of four decades. The practice of international relations (IR) was introduced out of a need to discuss the causes of war and the different conditions for calm in the wake of the first world war, and it is relevant we know that this has remained a crucial focus ever since. However, violence is not the only factor capable of causing interruption in the international system. Economic elements also have a remarkable impact. The great depression that happened in the 1920s, and the global financial crises of the contemporary period can be used as examples. Another concurrent problem concerns the environment, with the human climate being one among different number of important concerns for the continuing future of humankind and the planet in general.
With the end of the Cold War emerged two superpowers: The United States and the Soviet Union. The international system then was considered bipolar, a system where power is distributed in which two states have the majority of military, economic, and cultural influence both internationally and regionally. In this case, spheres of influence developed, meaning Western and democratic states fell under the influence of U.S. while most communist states were under the influence of the Soviet Union. Today, the international system is no longer bipolar, since only one superpower can exist, and indisputably that nation is the United States. However China is encroaching on this title with their rapid growth educationally, economically, and militaristically.
Inkenberry, John. “The Rise of China and the Future of the West.” Foreign Affairs. The Council of Foreign Relations. Jan 2008. Web. 9 Mar 2014.
The study of international relations takes a wide range of theoretical approaches. Some emerge from within the discipline itself others have been imported, in whole or in part, from disciplines such as economics or sociology. Indeed, few social scientific theories have not been applied to the study of relations amongst nations. Many theories of international relations are internally and externally contested, and few scholars believe only in one or another. In spite of this diversity, several major schools of thought are discernable, differentiated principally by the variables they emphasize on military power, material interests, or ideological beliefs. International Relations thinking have evolved in stages that are marked by specific debates between groups of scholars. The first major debate is between utopian liberalism and realism, the second debate is on method, between traditional approaches and behavioralism. The third debate is between neorealism/neoliberalism and neo-Marxism, and an emerging fourth debate is between established traditions and post-positivist alternatives (Jackson, 2007).
Another important factor promoted globalization is called the ‘World Politics’. Foreign policymakers are facing a challenge of a fundamental change in nowadays ...