Primary Causes and Effects of Domestic Violence

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Domestic violence is a global issue reaching across national boundaries as well as socio-economic, cultural, racial and class distinctions (Singh et al., 2010). It is a problem without frontiers. Not only is the problem widely dispersed geographically but its incidence is also extensive, making it a typical and accepted behavior (Kaur & Garg, 2008). However, this issue has only been a focus of concern and research within recent times.
Domestic violence is not an isolated, individual event but rather a pattern of repeated behaviors that the abuser uses to gain power and control over the victim (Bragg, 2003). The difference with domestic violence as opposed to other types of violence is that the abuser continually attacks the same victim. While physical assaults and injury are part of the abuse, psychological control is also often used to inflict damage on the victim. Domestic violence tends to become more frequent and severe over time and the abuser often uses controlling tactics towards the victim, such as controlling finances and isolation. This paper will examine the causes and effects of domestic violence, how domestic violence is characterizes, how it has become a national socio-economic crisis and possible solutions to this national epidemic.
Introduction
Abusers are not limited to a specific age, race, ethnicity, culture, socio-economic class, educational background, or religious affiliation. Domestic violence is found in all types of intimate relationships whether the individuals are of the same or opposite sex, are married or dating, or are in a current or past intimate relationship (Saltzman, 2003). There are two key aspects in domestic violence. First, the abuser and the victim are connected or have some type of re...

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... International Journal of Social science and Education, 3(3), 582-596.
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National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Costs of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the United States. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2003.
Saltzman, M. (2003, January). The Nature and Extent of Recurring Intimate Partner Violence against Women in the United States. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 1, 1-57.
Singh, A., Walia, I., & Dhaliwal, L. (2010). Domestic Violence. Demedicalizing women's health (p. 120). New Delhi: Gyan Pub. House.
U.S. Department of Justice. (March 2013) USDOJ: Office on Violence Against Women: Crimes of Focus: Domestic Violence. Retrieved April 18, 2014, from http://www.ovw.usdoj.gov/domviolence.htm

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