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key elements in gothic stories
an analytical note on gothic fiction
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How Writers of 19th Century Stories Create Tension and Suspense
The writers in 19th century stories create tension and suspense
through the use of gothic horror. This style of writing is designed to
frighten and panic and cause dread and alarm. It innovates our hidden
worst fears often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating
and entertaining us at the same time in a cathartic experience.
Horrors effectively centre on the dark side of life, the forbidden,
and the strange and alarming events.
It deals with the audience’s most primal nature and its fears. This
may include nightmares, vulnerability, alienation, revulsions, and
terror of the unknown, fear of the death and dismemberment, loss of
identity and fear of sexuality.
Horrors can play on our physical fears, such as grotesque scenes and
frightening characters, or our psychological fears, tapping into our
dreams states and the horror of irrational and unknown, and the horror
within man himself.
There are many examples of gothic fiction, here are a few: The Red
Room, The Monkey’s Paw, The Signalman, Desiree’s Baby, Clubfooted
Grocer, these are the stories that I will be analysing. More horror
stories include Frankenstein, Dracula and The Golem.
The following essay will examine, how the writers of 19th century
stories create tension and suspense through the use of the four main
features, such as setting, character, hints and time delay.
The following will discuss how the setting creates tension and
suspense in 19th century stories.
In The Red Room, written by H.G Wells, the castle is old, steeped in
history and tradition.
‘The long, draughty subter...
... middle of paper ...
... In Desiree’s Baby, the author reveals the truth about Armand’s
background in the last paragraph. This makes the reader evaluate the
whole story. Desiree’s suffering and pain was all unnecessary. This
ending comes as a shock to the reader and makes it an effective twist.
In conclusion, the techniques that have been used to create tension
and suspense are: setting, character, hints and time delay. All these
four main features where really effective in creating tension and
suspense as they all kept the reader engaged to the stories.
Overall I think that the story that may have been the most successful
in achieving this is Desiree’s Baby. I think this because the ending
of this story was a shock and surprise to the reader; moreover the
reader felt sympathy for Desiree as she suffered needless pain from
her husband.
In John Irving's novel titled, A Prayer for Owen Meany, suspenseful events are of abundance, and there are multiple ways the author creates this suspense. Among these methods of creating suspense, four that stand out are the use of setting, the pace of the story, the involvement of mysteries to be solved, and the ability of the reader to easily identify and sympathize with the protagonist. By placing a character in a gloomy or solitary place, uncomfortable feelings are created, which append to the suspense. Pace and structure of the story also play into the foundation of suspense, as shorter sentences and stronger, more cutting verbs and adjectives are often used to keep the reader highly interested and reading at a rapid speed. Of course, suspense could not be considered what it is if there were no mystery involved. The element of not knowing what is in store for the future and having the urge to find out is the essence of suspense. Also, if the reader cannot easily relate to and sympathize with the character in the suspenseful situation, a loss of interest can arise, and therefore spoil the spirit of the tension. Uncomfortable settings, pace and structure, use of mysteries, and capability to relate to the main character are four techniques that John Irving uses to create suspense.
Gothic texts are typically characterized by a horrifying and haunting mood, in a world of isolation and despair. Most stories also include some type of supernatural events and/or superstitious aspects. Specifically, vampires, villains, heroes and heroines, and mysterious architecture are standard in a gothic text. Depending upon the author, a gothic text can also take on violent and grotesque attributes. As an overall outlook, “gothic literature is an outlet for the ancient fears of humanity in an age of reason” (Sacred-Texts). Following closely to this type of literature, Edgar Allan Poe uses a gloomy setting, isolation, and supernatural occurrences throughout “The Fall of the House of Usher”.
How W.W. Jacobs, H.G. Wells and Charles Dickens Create Suspense in their Gothic Horror Stories
Josh Pachter’s “Invitation to a Murder” uses passage of time, inference gaps, and foreshadowing to add suspense. Dramatic irony, inference gaps and red herrings create suspense in “Lamb to the Slaughter” by Roald Dahl. “The Adventure of the Speckled Band” by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle uses mystery elements of many possible suspects, accumulation of clues and hidden evidence as catalysts for suspense. All three authors cleverly created anticipation in their work with mystery elements that kept the potential to hold captive their reader’s attention until the very last
The Victorian Era started when Queen Victorian inherited the throne in 1837 and lasted till 1901. Over those years, England underwent “technological, commercial, and social developments that fundamentally changed English life, replacing the world into which Victoria was born with one that looks much more familiar to the twenty-first-century eye.” (Nelson 1). According to Houghton “never before had men thought of their own time as an era of change from the past to the future.”(1). England was in the period of transition, the change from the Middle Ages to the modern period. The old doctrines and institutions were attacked and modified and a new order was proposed. The Victorians had to live between two words,
For a writer, stylistic devices are key to impacting a reader through one’s writing and conveying a theme. For example, Edgar Allan Poe demonstrates use of these stylistic techniques in his short stories “The Masque of the Red Death” and “The Fall of the House of Usher.” The former story is about a party held by a wealthy prince hiding from a fatal disease, known as the Red Death. However, a personified Red Death kills all of the partygoers. “The Fall of the House of Usher” is about a man who visits his mentally ill childhood companion, Roderick Usher. At the climax of the story, Roderick’s twin sister, Madeline, murders him after he buries her alive. Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories employ the stylistic decisions of symbolism, dream-like imagery, and tone to affect the reader by furthering understanding of the theme and setting and evoking emotion in readers.
Ringe, Donald A. American Gothic: Imagination and Reason in Nineteenth-Century Fiction. Lexington KY: The University Press of Kentucky, 1982.
Spencer, Kathleen L. “Purity and Danger: Dracula, The Urban Gothic, and the Late Victorian Degeneracy Crisis.” English Literary History 59.1 (1992): 197-226
2. In paragraph form and with reference to the story, discuss the role of fear in creating suspense.
Everyone at one point has been captivated and intrigued by the plot of a movie or a book. This captivation is generated by the one tool that authors and directors love the most, suspense. Authors want their audience and readers of their writing to be enthralled by creating tension and thrill in their plot. The usage of style, characterization, point of view, and foreshadowing allows authors and directors to create suspense in their work. Suspense is a very difficult approach to master but with the correct tools it can be as simple as a walk through the park.
Both Virginia Woolf and Garcia Marquez in their books Orlando and One Hundred Years of Solitude respectively used almost the same styles to enhance and bring out the significance of the story. Virginia Woolf writes of Orlando, the protagonist in her story, a young man of around thirty six years who metamorphosed over a couple of days from a man to a woman. Woolf’s writing depicted very important issues in life that included gender issues and self awareness and knowledge. The book captures the love relationships of the protagonist and with the end of his love affair with the princess from Russia; he became destitute and embarked on writing until when he realized that he was foolishly depicted in one of the poems by Nicholas Green.
Vampires, they have sharp teeth, black capes, perfect skin and black hair, one of the key inspirations to how we see the vampire today is Bram Stoker's book Dracula, written in 1897. Over time the idea of a vampire has evolved from the standard can't go out in the sun and can only drink human blood to sparkling in the sun and can live off of a animal's blood. Either the change occurred from the evolution of writing styles or just written in a way to make a book as popular as possible. This essay will explore the idea of a vampire before and after the book Dracula was made as well as the key inspirations for the book itself. Including comparisons of how we see vampires today versus how they were seen back when Dracula was originally written.
Austen was a recondite writer with a new inside perspective with an outside view on life in the early 19th century. Born on December 16, 1775, Austen was a curious child given the unseal luxury of an education. Her father was a part of the gentry class and raised a family of ten, but was not well off by any means (Grochowski). Sense and Sensibility, written by Jane Austen, tells a dramatic story of three sisters and their emotional journey where they encounter love and betrayal. Because Jane Austen was raised in a liberal family and received a comprehensive education, her dramatic analysis of societal behavior in Sense and Sensibility was comparable to the hidden truths of social and class distinctions in 18th and 19th century Europe.
In the early 1800s Jane Austen wrote what would be her last novel, Persuasion. Persuasion is set during the “Georgian Society” which greatly affects the character's views and actions throughout the novel. Anne Elliot and Frederick Wentworth quickly fell in love when Anne was just nineteen years old, but because he wasn't wealthy enough, Anne was not given the permission by her father, Sir Walter, to marry him. Eight years after this incident, the roles have reversed; Sir Walter has lost all of his money and Frederick Wentworth is now known as Captain Wentworth. Throughout the novel, Anne tries to overcome struggles with social class in order to fulfill her longing of being with Captain Wentworth. Therese Anderson's statement about the foundation of society in “The Importance of Class and Money” justifies the actions of those in Persuasion. “Marx argued that the real foundation of society was the economic structure, that political and legal superstructures rose from this... it is on the contrary their social existence which determines their consciousness” (1-2). Sir Walter focuses only on the economic factor which is what creates his narcissistic personality. Because of Captain Wentworth's lack of social class, Anne Elliot is unable to further her love and commitment for him. Jane Austen uses heavy irony throughout the plot line to show that there is no correlation between the amount of money one has and their quality of love.
Jane Austen has often been considered a woman who led a narrow, inhibited life and who rarely traveled. These assertions are far from the truth. Jane Austen traveled more than most women of her time and was quite involved in the lives of her brothers, so much that it often interfered with her writing. Like most writers, Jane drew on her experiences and her dreams for the future and incorporated them into her writing. Her characters reflect the people around her; the main characters reflect parts of herself. In Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, and Mansfield Park, Elinor Dashwood, Elizabeth Bennet, and Fanny Price all reflect aspects of Jane Austen and dreams she had that were never fulfilled.