Investigation of Marijuana
Marijuana is the dried buds and leaves of the Cannabis sativa
plant. This plant contains more than 400 chemicals, including
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the plant's main psychoactive
chemical. THC is known to affect our brain's short-term memory.
Additionally, marijuana affects motor coordination, increases your
heart rate and raises levels of anxiety. Studies also show that
marijuana contains cancer-causing chemicals typically associated with
cigarettes. Although banned by the U.S. federal government in 1937,
there were 11 million current users of the drug in 1999, according to
the Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, "current"
meaning that they had used the drug within 30 days of the survey. In
this article you will learn about marijuana, why this drug is so
popular and what effects it has on your mind and body.
[IMAGE]The Plant Cultivation of the Cannabis sativa plant dates back
thousands of years. The first written account of cannabis cultivation
is found in Chinese records dating from 28 B.C., according to the book
"Buzzed: The Straight Facts about the Most Used and Abused Drugs from
Alcohol to Ecstasy." However, the book's authors point out that the
plant was likely cultivated long before then. They recount the
discovery of a nearly 3,000-year-old Egyptian mummy containing traces
of THC, the main psychoactive chemical in marijuana. It could be that
cannabis was used as some type of medicinal herb during this time.
Cannabis sativa is perhaps the most recognizable plant in the world.
Pictures of the ubiquitous green cannabis leaf show up in the news
media, textbooks and drug...
... middle of paper ...
...rst tried marijuana at
age 13 or younger.
Buying, selling, using or growing marijuana is illegal in every part
of the United States. Penalties vary from place to place, but usually
consist of jail time, a fine or both. In some states, you can be
arrested for just being in a place where you know drug activity is
taking place. The severity of the penalty varies on several factors:
* Quantity - Penalties vary based on the amount of marijuana found
in the person's possession.
* Selling - Penalties are more severe for those intending to sell.
* Growing - Penalties are also more severe for those cultivating
cannabis.
* Location - A person arrested for selling marijuana near a school
will often face harsher penalties.
Source:
http://shop.grasscity.com/shop/grasscity/marijuana.html
Gibbons V. Ogden, Heart of Atlanta, the Daniel Ball, and Solid Waste V. Army Corps of Engineers are all cases that have one thing common, Commerce; but, how do any of these cases relate to the legalization of marijuana in states like Colorado and Washington? There are a variety of different types of commerce, but the two main types that I have studied are interstate commerce and intrastate commerce. Interstate commerce is essentially the trade between goods across state borders, and intrastate is quite similar to interstate state commerce, but the buying and selling happens within state borders. Although these cases may not have anything to do with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado and
Today, many people around the world smoke marijuana for therapy or recreation, which is grown from nature, but in some countries, nature is illegal, except a substance which is legal: alcohol. In fact, Marijuana or Marihuana from Spanish language also can be known as cannabis, hemp, weed, and pot. Marijuana is a dry, shredded green and brown mix of leaves, flowers, stem, and seeds from the hemp plant, whose scientific name is Cannabis sativa (National Institute Drug Abuse, 2012). Marijuana has a long history of use as a medicinal herb, and the use has been expended around the world from China to India and the North Africa and leaded to Europe for thousands of years. They also have several different cultures in various ways. For example, it was recorded as medication to treat many kinds of health problems by the Chinese, and the earliest fabric and rope were believed that it has been woven from dried hemp, and around 6000 B.C., marijuana seeds were used as food in China (Canadian medicinal Marijuan, 2010). The Persian prophet Zoroaster also wrote a sacred text on “the Zend-Avesta”, which listed that marijuana was at the top from 10000 medicinal plants in 550 B.C. (Canadian, medicinal Marijuana, 2010). The marijuana has been adapted in people’ lifestyles and social environment over thousand years.
According to Grinspoon (2005) marijuana, may have been a crop farmed as many as 10,000 years ago. The first evidence discovered that attests to the use of medicinal cannabis dates back to the Chinese Emperor, Chen Nung, who lived five-thousand years ago when this plant was recommended for malaria, constipation, and rheumatic pains, as well as, the inability to concentrate and pains in relation to the female body (Grinspoon, 2005; Guterman 2000). Even Queen Victoria had a physician recommend that she use marijuana as medicine for ailments such as “insomnia, migraines, menstrual cramps, and muscle spasms” (Guterman, 2000, p. A21). Evidence of the power of marijuana as a medicine can be found in almost any culture on Earth. For example, some tribes in Africa use marijuana to treat snake bites and to reduced the intense pain of child-birth and in India, cannabis is used to “quicken the mind, lower fevers, induce sleep, cure dysentery, stimulate appetite, improve digestion, relieve headaches, and cure venereal disease” (Grinspoon, 2005, p. 1). Marijuana has been proven as a powerful medicine by people of many ethnic backgrounds and countries over the entire world, time and time again.
Marijuana in America became a popular ingredient in many medicinal products and was openly sold in pharmacies in the late nineteenth century (“Busted-America’s War on Marijuana Timeline”). The National Institute of Drug Abuse defines marijuana as, “The dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, which contains the psychoactive (mind-altering) chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), as well as other related compounds” (“DrugFacts: Marijuana”). It was not until the Food and Drug act of 19...
What is marijuana? Marijuana substance extracted from the plant Cannabis can be smoked as tobacco, but it can also be consumed by other means, such as mixing it with food or beverages. Marijuana is the most commonly used poison after tobacco. The impacts are a mixture of arousal and a weakening of the central nervous system, and its impact depends on the kind of mental activity and dose consumed by the individual. Marijuana is a hallucinogenic and usually causes addiction. All forms of marijuana are mind-altering. In other words, they change how the brain works. “They all contain THC the main active chemical in marijuana. They also contain more than 400 other chemicals. Marijuana’s effects on the user depend on its strength or potency, which is related to the amount of THC it contains. The THC content of marijuana has been increasing since the 1970s" (http://uodos.uoregon.edu/SupportandEducation/SubstanceAbusePreventionandStudentSuccess/Marijuana/tabid/83/Default.aspx)
Marijuana is scientifically known as Cannabis Sativa. The most famous name for the drug was cannabis unit in the 1930s when the use of the word marijuana increased significantly in the United States. The term marijuana was being used as a more toxic word than cannabis during debates against the use of drugs. Marijuana use dates back in 2900 BC where it was used for medical purposes. In 2700BC a Chinese legend Emperor Shen Nung who was considered as the father of Chinese medicine made a discovery that marijuana had some medicinal properties. It contains ginseng and ephedra which are the main ingredients in the Chinese medicine. However, marijuana contains more than 400 chemicals and THC being the main component that determines the strength
Cannabis, which is mainly referred to as marijuana, is a widely used psychotropic drug. There are a variety of species of cannabis, including, "Cannabis salvita, C. indica, and C. ruderalis" (Amar, 2006). Cannabis is made up of several different types of compounds known as cannabinoids. The main component in these compounds that is responsible for cannabis' psychoactive qualities is "∆9 - tetrahydrocannabinol", or THC (Amar, 2006). Cannabinoids function by binding to two receptors, CB1 and CB2. These receptors inhibit cAMP formation and calcium channels, as well as initiate the opening of potassium channels (Meyer and Quezner). There are three different types of cannabinoid receptor antagonists that have been discovered, including endocannabinoids, which are a natural part of an organism, phytocannabinoids, which originate in plants, and synthetic or man-made cannabinoids (Fisar, 2009). These antagonists play an important role in regulating the effects of cannabinoids.
It goes by many names, including pot, grass, weed, hemp, hash, ganja, gas, and a dozen of others.Marijuana has been used by humans for many centuries. It was grew in Africa and Asia and merited because of its protein and omega-3 content. Marijuana may well have been the first cultivated speculation that Stone Age man may have used a wild herd to speed up this language skills. Some people think marijuana may have opened the door to greater consciousness. Cannabis is still inspiring new discoveries and a deeper understanding of health and nature.Marijuana has been always seen as a “safe” drug to use with no serious complications or side effects. Since the 20th Century, marijuana has been prescribed by doctors for use to deal with the bad effects
Marijuana is a fast-growing bushy plant with dense sticky flowers. It has been a part of our American culture for hundreds of years. It has been referred to as a poison, drug and narcotic. It is believed that marijuana was introduced by the Spanish in 1545 to Chile. In America the plant was first grown in Virginia and Massachusetts in the sixteen hundreds. It became a major commercial crop that was grown along with tobacco and was a source of fiber for fabric, rope and cloth. Later it was used to treat many health problems. During the 19th century many medical articles were written discussing marijuana’s value in treating conditions. The plant was considered legal from the 1600’s until the 19th century. Marijuana became popular in the mid-19th century and was in most drugstores through the beginning of the 20th century. It was around this time that recreational use of marijuana was becoming acknowledged. Marijuana has been illegal in the United States since the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. This is a federal law that made the possession or transfer of marijuana illegal throughout the United States. This law was the precursor to the crimina...
Cannabis has been known to man since as early as 7000 B.C. (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1619, the colony of Jamestown in Virginia passed the first cannabis-related law, stating that it is required for all farmers to grow cannabis sativa or hemp plant because of its strong fiber that they used to make rope, sails and clothing (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). During the 1800s, cannabis extract medicines were produced by American pharmaceutical companies such as Eli Lilly, Parke-Davis and Squibb (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1910, in the Southwestern United States, Mexican immigrants introduced recreational use of cannabis, in which the immigrants referred to as “marihuana” (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1915, Utah was the first state to pass an anti-marijuana law, then twenty-nine other states followed (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1922, the Narcotic Drug Import and Export Act was enforced to control any cannabis going in or out of the U.S. (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1930, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics was created (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In the 1960s, “hippies” smoke marijuana, which symbolized rebellion (Marijuana Legalization Timeline). In 1968, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and the Bureau of Dangerous Drugs merged into the Bureau...
Marijuana is a drug that is derived from the dried and cut leaves of the hemp plant known as "cannabis sativa". Marijuana has a variety of street names such as "grass", "Mary Jane", "pot", "smoke", "reefer", "herb", and "weed". The active ingredient in marijuana is delta tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (3). . Marijuana has been used throughout history and in many different cultures to change mood, perception, and consciousness (to get "high"). Its effects range from increasing creativity to provoking mystical experiences, to heightening the capacity to feel, sense and share. After alcohol, it is the most popular of what are called "recreational drugs." It has been used around the world for other purposes. In some primitive tribes of South America, Africa, and India, "cannabis" is used in religious ceremonies and for medical purposes. African mine workers have used it to ease the drudgery of their work and many Jamaicans use it at the end of the day to relieve fatigue. It has been used as an intoxicant in various parts of the world for centuries and in the United States, for the most part the 20th century. Marijuana was first described in print in a Chinese book of
Per Reporter: The children's mother (unknown) smokes marijuana and sells drugs (crack and marijuana) out of the home. The mother and random are always drunk. The marijuana scent can be smelled in the front yard. The smelled of the marijuana can besmelled while seating on the back porch. There are crack heads (unknown) coming in and out of the home. Randomly people pulled in, and out there cars buying drugs. These occur Monday through Sunday between the hours of 5:00 p.m. to 4:00 a.m. The younger child is most exposed to the marijuana because she is always inside the home when it is smoked. The other children outside playing on the road, playing with the empty beer bottles in the front yard. The cars have to stop and get the childrenout of
The legalization of marijuana is a controversial topic, but marijuana should be legalized because it has many positive effects and there is a lot of evidence to support why marijuana should be legalized in all states. Marijuana is a preparation of the cannabis plant and it can be used as a drug or as medicine. The primary component of cannabis is THC (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol). This drug has mind-altering and physiological side effects when consumed. Marijuana can be used for spiritual reasons or recreationally. It is the third most popular recreational drug used in America, referring to “About Marijuana.” According to government surveys, more than 14 million Americans, out of 25 million Americans who have smoked marijuana within the past year, use marijuana habitually. Although marijuana is illegal in most
Marijuana is an extremely popular drug, not only in America, but in every other country in the world as well. However, there are many people who do not know exactly what it is or where it comes from. Marijuana is a blend of flowers, seeds, leaves, and stems from the Indian hemp planted called Cannabis. This plant contains a chemical called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which causes the “high” feeling that users experience when smoking it (“Marijuana: Effects, Medical Uses & Legalization”). The THC in marijuana is analogous to the nicotine in tobacco, but it is not as harmful. They both have many similarities, but they also have significant differences.
A considerable amount of literature has been published on cannabis specifically marijuana. These studies classify marijuana into three species: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and cannabis ruderalis. In fact, Cannabis sativa is the most widely used and recognized among the other species due to its ability to produce more fiber and oil. For many years, the plant has been used for making clothes as well as lighting and soap. Nevertheless, cannabis is widely used at the present time for intoxication and medical treatments. Marijuana is usually extracted from the flowers of the female plant (Grinspoon & Bakalar, 1993). According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, marijuana is well-defined as the “dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, which contains the psychoactive (mind-altering) chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), as well as other related compounds. This plant material can also be concentrated in a resin called hashish” (NIDA, 2014).