Sympathy in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
In her novel, 'Frankenstein', Mary Shelley employs many innovative
literary techniques to invoke feelings of sympathy for the monster.
Sympathy is created by the author both by making the readers pity the
monster’s loathsome existence and by leading them to understand his
violent and cruel actions. We pity the creature because of the way he
is treated by mankind and we can identify with his feelings and
reactions and understand why he behaves as he does. Shelley uses
different narrators throughout the novel and the reader sympathises
with the views of these people to differing degrees. The language
used when describing the physical appearance of the monster and his
feelings is very strong and evocative. The settings and motifs with
which the monster is associated are very dramatic and add to our
sympathy for his lonely existence. The monster’s use of rhetoric is
effective and his speech is eloquent, this is a strong technique by
which the reader is drawn in. Commentators have often compared the
monster to Adam, or to a newborn baby, this challenges the reader’s
view of him. Another technique employed by the author is to lead the
reader to draw parallels between the characters of Victor Frankenstein
and his creation.
The novel is told from the viewpoint of various narrators, a technique
explored by Emily Brontë in Wuthering Heights, which was popular with
writers in the nineteenth century. In Frankenstein, like in Wuthering
Heights, the first narrator is an outsider - Robert Walton - but as
the novel progresses the narrative moves in closer - to Victor, then
to the monster. Each narrator contributes their own feelings and
descriptions of both Victor and the mo...
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...r the period that Mary Shelley was
writing in – challenging the social conventions of the time.
Parallels are drawn between the anguish of the monster and the grief
felt by Victor Frankenstein. These strong emotions are portrayed
against some of the harshest, most desolate scenery in the world. The
contrast between these settings and the warm and pleasant scenes when
Victor is with his friends and family only serve to emphasise the
monster’s loneliness and isolation. Images of light and dark, heaven
and hell, warmth and cold, fire and ice, high and low, joy and despair
can be traced throughout the novel. All of these bring to mind
Milton’s ‘Paradise Lost’. The novel shows evidence of Mary Shelley’s
interest in scientific ideas of the time, a time when the conversation
of intelligent, well-educated people often turned to recent scientific
developments.
Frankenstein by Mary Shelley introduces the change from good to evil with the attention that guardians give a child. William Crisman, in his critique of Mary Shelley’s work, identifies the “sibling rivalry” between Victor and the rest of his family. Crisman remarks that Victor feels as if he is the most important person in his parents’ lives, since he was Alphonse’s and Caroline’s only child. The Frankensteins adopt Elizabeth and Victor sarcastically remarks that he has a happy childhood. This prompts Victor starts to read essays about alchemy and study natural science. Anne Mellor, another critic of Frankenstein, proposes that Frankenstein’s creature was born a good person and society’s reaction to him caused him to turn evil. Victor’s makes the creature in his own perception of beauty, and his perception of beauty was made during a time in his life when he had secluded himself from his family and friends. He perceived the monster as “Beautiful!”, but Victor unknowingly expressed the evil in himself, caused by secluding himself from everybody, onto the creature (60). In this way, the creature is Victor’s evil mirrored onto a body. The expression of Victor onto the monster makes the townspeople repulsed by the creature. The theory of the “alter ego” coincides with Crisman’s idea of sibling rivalry (Mellor). Mary Shelley conveys that through Crisman’s idea of sibling rivalry, Victor isolates himself from society. Mellor describes the isolation during his creation of his creature leads to him giving the creature false beauty that causes Victor to abandon him and society to reject him.
The gothic novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley highlights the idea that the real monsters of the world are humans and society, and that most traits that most humans despise are actually within all of us. Frankenstein shows that any human can be so corrupt as to be a “monster”, and that beings society considers repulsive and evil can be human at heart. Shelley exposes human faults such as hubris and irresponsibility through the main character of the novel Victor Frankenstein, who creates a living being and refuses to care for it, sending it into the unwelcoming hands of society. Victors irresponsible actions lead to many deaths and events. As the novel progresses, Dr. Victor Frankenstein and the Monster he creates become more and more similar
this are, "I am by birth Genevese and my family is one of the most
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is filled with death and sorrow. They occur in almost every aspect of the book. The four "squares" of the book, Walter, Victor, the monster, and the cottagers, all suffer from them at one time or another. Some perceive Frankenstein as a horror story; however, in actuality it is a book of tragedy and despair. Every page reveals more misery than the page before. Thus, death and sorrow are inevitable in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.
It is not arduous to find meaning in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein but the more complex part is trying to find one definite feeling in the novel. Allied with references to other Romantic Period works and Greek mythology is a portion of a poem that seems out of place – “Mutability,” by Percy Shelley. The reader will feel it irrelevant with the sudden introduction of the poem “Mutability” in chapter 10, when Victor is enjoying his encounter with nature. It is only when the reader analyses the poem , does one realize the significance of the intertext. Mary Shelley includes the last two stanzas of Percy Shelley’s “Mutability” in chapter 10 of Frankenstein to reflect a correlation between nature and Victor’s actions and thoughts, and to showcase
In her novel titled ‘Frankenstein’, Mary Shelley employs many innovative literary techniques to elicit feelings of sympathy for the monster, even though the creature’s desire for revenge may render him incapable. Are readers able to respond compassionately to the creature even though he willingly makes Victor’s life miserable by murdering those close to him?
Can you imagine losing all of your loved ones to an evil beast? Or being abandoned by everyone you came in contact with? Mary Shelley portrays numerous emotions in Frankenstein. Sympathy and hatred are two that are constantly shown throughout novel. Mary Shelley enlists sympathy and hatred towards Victor and the monster by presenting them in different viewpoints. The views of sympathy and hatred towards the main characters change as the narration changes in the novel Frankenstein.
Tragedy shows no discrimination and often strikes down on those undeserving of such turmoil. In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, a creature more repulsive than one can imagine is brought to life by a young scientist. Although this creature is horrifying in sight, he is gentle by nature. Unfortunately, the softer side of the creature is repeatedly overlooked and the so called “monster” is driven to a breaking point. Even though the Creature committed many crimes, Mary Shelley’s Creature was the tragic hero of this story because of his efforts rescue the life of a young girl and helping destitute cottagers.
Shelley, Mary. “Frankenstein.” In A Norton Critical Edition. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 1996.
In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley highlights on the experiences her characters undergo through the internal war of passion and responsibility. Victor Frankenstein lets his eagerness of knowledge and creating life get so out of hand that he fails to realize what the outcome of such a creature would affect humankind. Mary Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein, highlights on how Frankenstein’s passion of knowledge is what ultimately causes the decline of his health and the death of him and his loved ones.
When Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein is analyzed, critics comes to a conclusion about Victor Frankenstein's creation. The creature invokes the most sympathy from the readers than any other character in the novel. Because he is abandoned by society which manipulates the creature to do evil things despite his good heart. Therefore Shelley's message throughout the novel is that a person is not born evil, they are made evil.
It is scientifically proven, that people prefer attractive people. Appearances help millions of good-looking men and women across the country advance in their careers, get free drinks, and receive more opportunity. But, Mary Shelley juxtaposes the physical deterioration of Victor as her novel, Frankenstein, progresses and the creature ’s ugly physical appearance and the motif of clouds juxtapose with birds to argue that appearances may be deceptive. She argues through the juxtaposition of Victor and the creation’s death that ultimately it is through death, one of nature’s devices, that allows us to see the character of a person.
Although “Frankenstein” is the story of Victor and his monster, Walton is the most reliable narrator throughout the novel. However, like most narrator’s, even his retelling of Victor’s story is skewed by prejudice and favoritism of the scientist’s point of view. Yet this could be attributed to the only view points he ever gets to truly hear are from Victor himself and not the monster that he only gets to meet after he comes to mourn his fallen master.
The Sorrows of Young Werther by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is one of the literary texts interwoven in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein. It talks of a story about a girl Lotte and a boy named Werther. The two fell in love although the girl was already engaged to an older man Abert. When Lotte marries the older man, Werther commits suicide because of rejection. The creature in Frankenstein finds this book and teaches himself to read from it. Shelley makes a reference to the novel The Sorrows of the Young Werther and Victor’s creature gets hold of the book and reads to practice language skills and pass time. Through this book, the creature learns a lot about feeling and emotions. The creature says "As I read, however, I applied much personally to my own feelings and condition" (Shelley 114). This shows how much the creature leant from the book because Victor created it and left it all alone without any teachings on how to speak and act like a woman.
In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley combines three separate stories involving three different characters--Walton, Victor, and Frankenstein's monster. Though the reader is hearing the stories through Walton's perspective, Walton strives for accuracy in relating the details, as he says, "I have resolved every night,...to record, as nearly as possible in his [Victor's] own words, what he has related during the day" (Shelley 37). Shelley's shift in point of view allows for direct comparison and contrast between the characters, as the reader hears their stories through the use of first person. As the reader compares the monster's circumstances to those of Victor and Walton, the reader's sympathy for the monster greatly increases.