Introduction.
Within the United States, Texas is a crucial part of oil and gas production. The East Texas Basin plays a large role in the production of oil and gas coming out of Texas. Understanding the the East Texas Basin begins with knowledge of the geologic history, lithology, structure, organic petrology, and production history. Geologic history of the East Texas Basin shows how hydrocarbons were deposited and in what conditions they were formed. Lithology and stratigraphy are important tools in the exploration and understanding of oil and gas. Lithology and Stratigraphy allows way of predicting and finding the hydrocarbons that were expelled from the source rock and where they may have migrated. Structural aspects of the East Texas Basin are important when discussing oil and gas because of the faults and salt structures are indicators of the environment of deposition. Even with all of this information of the East Texas Basin there is still much research that is being conducted and will need to be conducted in the future.
II. The East Texas Basin.
The East Texas Basin is located in the northeastern portion of Texas in the United States of America. The depth to the top of the formation in East Texas ranges between 1,800 to 2,900 meters (Laubach, 1988). Within the East Texas Basin there are several different formations; the Wilcox, Taylor, Austin, Woodbine, Glen Rose, and the Travis peak formations. There are also other important factors such as the Sabine uplift and other structural faults and aspects. The production within the East Texas Basin is located in the Woodbine formation (Keith, 1983). The East Texas Field is located east on this basin above the production zone in the Woodbine Formation (Laubach, 1989). It is...
... middle of paper ...
... 603-611, DOI: 10.1016/0191-8141(89)90091-6.
McGowen M.K., Harris D.W., 1984. Cotton Valley (upper Jurassic) and Hosston (lower Cretaceous) depositional systems and their influence on salt tectonics in the east Texas basin
Seni J., Jackson M.P.A., 2004. Evolution of salt strucutures, East Texas diapir province; part 1 Sedimentary record of halokinesis, American Geologica Institute, v. 67, No. 8, p. 1219-1244
Tye R.S., 1992. Fluvial-Sandstone Reservoirs of the Travis Peak Formation, East Texas Basin, Society for Sedimentary Geology.
Wescott W.A., 2004. Diagenesis of Cotton Valley Sandstone (Upper Jurassic), East Texas; implication for tight gas formation pay recognition, American Geological Institute, v. 67, no. 6, p. 1002-1003.
Wescott W.A., Hood W.C., 1994. Hydrocarbon Generation and Migration Routes in the East Texas Basin, V. 78, No. 2, p. 287-306.
Up until the early 1900’s, the Salt River flowed without any control or restraints. However, it was a burden for travelers on the trail leading from Prescott to Tucson. In 1911 the Roosevelt Dam was built upstream from Tempe and the flow was reduced until in the late 1930’s when the river ceased to flow altogether. Many people have often wondered what it would be like if the riverbed would once again be filled with water.
Van Siclen, D. "The Houston Fault problem." Institute of Professional Geologists. Ed. 3rd Annual Meeting. Texas, 1967. p.9-31.
The reason for this report is to increase the reader’s knowledge on the Alberta Tar Sands, which will allow them to create their own opinions on the situation. It is a very pertinent issue in politics and will have a very large effect on the carbon emissions of Canada. Also, I wanted to further my understanding of the Alberta tar sands and learn the side effects of the tar sands. How the tar sands are different from other oil and energy procurement methods and which method is more energy efficient? Would the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline in the United States be an intelligent way for the US to involve itself in the tar sands? I wanted to answer these questions by knowing the real facts about the tar sands versus what the oil companies are telling the consumers. The ability to assess the entire situation will allow both the reader and I to formulate our own opinions about the tar sands and whether the extraction of oil at the tar sands should continue.
On January 10th 1901 the discovery of oil at Spindletop would lead to the greatest economy boom the world has ever encountered. The amount of oil that would be discovered across Texas would be more than enough to power America through the next several decades. The effects of having oil would completely change Texas culture, lifestyle, and business tremendously. In the book of Oil In Texas, will prove that America would change completely from agriculture nation to an industrial nation after the discovery of oil in Texas.
The growth of agriculture and railroads in Texas and in the United States helped form our economy today. Railroads today pass through a lot of Texas, and even in big cities like Houston or Dallas. Since there are so many farms and open farmland (especially in south and west Texas), railroads can carry the produce and livestock to their destination. James Watt invented the first steam engine in about 1769, and from then on, railroads were a must for transportation, since cars had yet to be invented. Railroads began to be built before the Civil War. It originally took about 6 months to get from the west of the US to the east, but now it only took 7 days. With railroads expanding all across the country, agriculture was affected in a mostly positive way. Now, crops and other goods could be transported by train anywhere in the US, and fast.
This area is known as the Permian Basin. Most of the oil is being produced from rocks
The sharp differences in elevation between the Badwater Basin and the surrounding mountains that include the highest point in the continental US (Mt. Whitney at 14,494 feet) stand as a representation of the regions violent tectonic past. The mountains themselves are considered fault block mountain ranges meaning that they were formed when blocks of rocks were squeezed through the Earth's crust along parallel faults or were loosened from the crust when it separated at a fault. In the valley, both of these methods not only were the cause of the current mountains formation less than four million years ago, but also are causing the mountains to be uplifted while the valley floor drops even further. This phenomenon is one of the reasons why the lowest and highest points in the continental...
Potential Health and Environmental Effects of Hydrofracking in the Williston Basin, Montana." Serc.carleton.edu. Carleton College, n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. .
The United States has an immense amount of proven natural gas reserves that could become a major source for the nation's energy future (1). The mining of the natural gas resources have become feasible and cheaper due to the advancement of hydraulic fracturing technologies which have increased the amount the extraction and enabled “greater access to gas in shale formations” (2). Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking of shale formations has positive benefits that includes economic growth and the natural gas extracted is cleaner than coal and oil, however it has caused serious environmental problems and possibly could be the cause of recent seismic activity in areas where fracking operations exist (3).
Oil provided new fuel for transportation and manufacturing, even railroads were able to convert to oil. Oil helped manufacturing plants and farms move to a cheaper source of energy. Another significant factor of oil is that it helped encourage automobile production as well as roads. The production of the Interstate highway led to the movement of people and goods (Champagne, Harpham 13). Rapid industrialization of the Gulf Coast region sparked. By 1929 in Harris County, 27 percent of all manufacturing employees worked in refineries. By 1940 the capacity of the refineries had increased fourfold. The oil and gas industries carried a boom-and-bust mentality (Oliena 1). The economy flourish at times and failed other times, because the prices would rise and fall. When new oil was discovered in a particular place it brought about more people, overcrowding the schools and new housing. Yet a couple years later the town could experience a bust creating poverty and making the town a ghost town. The oil and gas industry transformed the government and its role with the economy. The Texas Railroad Commission was extended to regulate energy and to promote well-spacing rules. Higher education benefitted through the oil and gas industry ( Munch, Francis, and Rundell 604). In 1923 oil was discovered in the West Texas Permian Basin on university land. The Permanent University Fund was split up between the
The main thing in natural gas is methane. Millions of years ago, decaying remains of
Blakey, R. C. (1996). Geologic history of western us. Informally published manuscript, Northern Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ, Retrieved from http://www.jan.ucc.nau.edu
"Mechanics of Graben Evolution in Canyonlands National Park, Utah." Geological Society of America Bulletin. Web. 05 Dec. 2011. .
finding new ways to drill for oil and also refine it more efficiently to ensure that
» Source: this includes an E P & from oil and characteristic gas from different topographical sources, including the most recent innovations.