Although he is one of the most important Theologians of his time, little information is known of him. He was probably born in Northern Italy at Lumellogno in Navarre at around 1100 He attended Bologna possibly Vercelli, France to study first in Reins and then in Paris. He was then elected bishop of Paris in 1159; he soon died a year later. Peter was an Italian theologian and bishop of Paris, his Four Books of Sentences became the main theological handbook of the Middle Ages. He was a student at Paris, where he was the student of the French philosopher Peter Abelard. Lombard was a teacher of theology in the school of Notre Dame and Paris, from 1136 to 1150. The famous twelfth century theologian, Peter Lombard, wrote four books of which are the only books that attribute to him that are considered authentic. Peter Lombard’s setting and context of his time was living through and during the renaissance of the 12 century which included the crusades.
Lombard’s ministry was partly as his role of Bishop of Paris but secondly was his role as a Theological Writer, with The Four Books of Sentences, the sermons, and the two Biblical Commentaries. His fame and ministry were partly due to his book The four Books of Sentences Many in the early Middle Ages where overwhelmed by the sheer quantity of theological opinions, disputations, and distinctions, stemming from the church and rapidly growing in size and diversity. Students in the schools, teachers in the monasteries, preachers in the pulpits desperately, needed a handbook. Peter Lombard wrote it and it was titled The Four Books of Sentences. The Life of Peter Lombard was, to say the least, successful and has an effect on why he is still remembered after over 800 years.
The Reason Peter Lomba...
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... This is why the more philosophical principles. Peter Lombard’s teachings can still inform us to this day whether of the Trinity or eschatology. “Book 1 of The Sentences discusses the Trinity, knowledge and will of God; Book 2 covers creation, angels, the six days of Genesis one, the fall and grace; Book 3 explains the incarnation, virtues, sins and the cannon; Book 4 argues the sacraments and eschatology”. (Philip, 2007)
Works Cited
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With the hindsight of the 1960s, it is easy for us to view how influencers of the era have reformed and revitalised the Christian tradition to a great extent. Because of this hindsight of the 1960s, an era in which the zeitgeist was full of intellectuals, poets, musicians and authors, we can see the traditions of Christianity were considered to be backward to a world that was changing in terms of beliefs and ethics as society embraced these social reforms. The statement then clearly reflects Pope John XXIII and his impacts on Catholicism. Pope John XXIII recognized these changes and through his leadership, the impacts he had on Christianity had a substantially large influence over the Catholic Church as he ultimately altered the Christian tradition by creating the Vatican II. By doing so, he adjusted traditional Church Scriptures (ressourcement), involved himself with promoting ecumenicalism and also interfaith-dialogue as well as becoming engaged in the modern world (aggiornamento), therefore meeting the needs of the evolving society by revitalising the old traditions.
Oxtoby, Willard Gurdon. "Jewish Traditions." World religions: western traditions. 1996. Reprint. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 2011. 127-157. Print.
With this in mind, the objective of this essay is to focus on the main ideas of each theologian, and discuss how each theologian’s ideas are compensatory to the other. This is important because even though each theologian’s writings were inspired by the harsh realities of the societies, and also by the effect each writer experienced in their moment in history, their critiques specifically of Christian institutions remain a consistent amongst all three writings. Furthermore, not only are their critiques consistent, but their goals for providing new frameworks for the future of the Church and Christian discipleship are consistent as well.
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Henri de Lubac was a Christian theologian who studied and discussed his concern with many aspects in the Christian theological context. He had focused on ideas such as the use of the terms ‘natural’ and ‘supernatural’ within Christian theology. His research in this area had lead into de Lubac furthering his studies in the medieval exegesis; as well as, his study in ecclesiology. Some of de Lubac’s work and publishing’s had lead him in troubling situations, in particular his work on the idea of ‘supernatural’ and his publication ‘Surnaturel’. De Lubac’s study and writings of ecclesiology have influenced the Second Vatican Council, and his writings on medieval exegesis helped him regain his acceptance into Christian society. Henri de Lubac’s perspective and position on these topics will be discussed throughout this paper; as well as, the effect his studies had on theology and his theological career.
Religion in the Middle Ages takes on a character all of its own as it is lived out differently in the lives of medieval men and women spanning from ordinary laity to vehement devotees. Though it is difficult to identify what the average faith consists of in the Middle Ages, the life told of a radical devotee in The Book of Margery Kempe provides insight to the highly intense version of medieval paths of approaching Christ. Another medieval religious text, The Cloud of Unknowing, provides a record of approaching the same Christ. I will explore the consistencies and inconsistencies of both ways to approach Christ and religious fulfillment during the Middle Ages combined with the motivations to do so on the basis of both texts.
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Francis of Assisi is one of the most influential personalities in the entire world. In the book ‘Francis of Assisi: Performing the Gospel Life,’ Cunningham recounts the life of this humble monk who lived in the medieval times, and shaped the Christian life, which spread in Western culture throughout the rest of history. I believe Cunningham accurately accounts for the life of Francis of Assisi, and in doing so; he provides a trajectory of the Christian faith from its early and historical proponents through its fusion with western culture, and its subsequent spread throughout the world.
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