Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Strengths and limitations of Freud's theories
Sigmund freud theory in psychology
Key concepts of freud's theory
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Strengths and limitations of Freud's theories
Born on December 13, 1902 in Colorado Springs.
He died at the age of 76 on May 6, 1979 in Munich, West Germany.
His field was sociology and he studied at Harvard University.
Talcott parsons studied philosophy, sociology and biology, at Amherst College. In 1924, he received his B.A. Parsons studied at the London school of economics as well, and he received his PH.D from the University of Heidelberg. From 1927 to 1973 he served on the faculty team of Harvard University.
Parsons developed a theory for the study of society, he called this theory, action theory. Action theory was founded in order to identify as an attempt to sustain the scientific rigor of positivism. This theory attempted to establish a balance between two major mythological traditions. Parsons was responsible for bringing out the work of Emile Durkheim, Vifredo Pareto, and Max Weber. Parsons stated that it should be analyzed in different terms
1. Distinction between the structural and functional.
2. Fundamentally distinct difference between maintaining systems equilibrium and structural change.
Parsons' studies included that of roles. Roles in society and families. He even stated the role of a sick person is a social role. He found that kinship structures are also clearly subject to important process of functional differentiation and have often become the focus for political and economic activities. He outlined what has become the accepted functional view of education. He argues that primary socialization within the family is taken over by the school as the focal socializing agency.
Charles Darwin
Born on February 12, 1809 in the United Kingdom.
He died at the age of 76 on April 1882 in Kent, UK.
Darwin studied at the University of Cambridge.
...
... middle of paper ...
...s. It is a way of helping many people deal with their problems and emotions. His method was used to understand how the patients felt, what they were going through. Freud’s methods changed the world and helped many people. It gave us a chance to look at the human brain and how to deal with people who had been in an emotional state. Other than Parsons' research talking about sociology and how people should act in society, or Darwin's research talking about how humans changed through time. Freud’s theory talked about how the human brain functions, he made a theory that was understandable he explained his theory properly and he showed us the different parts of the brain, the unconscious and the conscious, and how that was divided into three: the ego, the id, and the super ego. This is why I think Freud’s research provides the most understanding out of all three concepts
After two years at Fisk University, DuBois transferred to Harvard his junior year. In 1890, he graduated cum laude from Harvard and was one of the six graduation speakers. He continued his education by pursuing graduate studies at the University of Berlin in history and economics. DuBois received his master of arts in 1891 and in 1895 received his doctorate in history from Harvard.... ...
Sigmund Freud is considered to be one of the most studied and respected historical figures in psychology. Freud has had a huge impact on the way we think today. He also is responsible for creation psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud is even known as the “father of psychoanalysis”. Through endless contentious theories such as, the Case of Anna O, the Unconscious Mind, the Psyche, and the most infamous of his theories, the Psychosexual stage, Freud has generated many fans and supporters. His works has earned him a place in the list of psychology legends today.
Emile Durkheim is another sociologist who used Herbert Spencer’s theory to explain the change in society. He believed that society is a very intricate system of interrelated and interdependent parts that work together to maintain stability (Durkheim 1893). This ensures that the social world is held together by shared values and languages. He wrote the Division of Labor.
Freud's psychoanalytic therapy was more of a long-term therapeutic investment. His main focus was to bring the unconscious into consciousness. Freud believed the role of the therapist was to encourage a transference relationship. The therapist is supposed to function as a "blank screen" (Tabula rasa) upon which the client transfers his experiences and emotions. In this relationship, for example, a client could see the therapist as someone in their life who they wish they could stand up to and the client would react, as they would have at the time of the original experience. As the analyst interprets the client's responses, the therapist uncovers unconscious thoughts and works toward bringing them into the client's awareness. Throughout this therapy, the psychoanalyst remains anonymous, meaning the client does not physically see the therapist during the actual session. This theory has it’s benefits and liabilities. On one hand, this really helps the clients think for themselves. It helps them gain new insights and really analyze their thoughts on their own. Understanding one’s own thoughts is very important for the client’s future because they won’t have the therapist available everywhere they go. On the other hand, there would be a lack of feedback and goals from the therapist. In addition, Freud focuses a lot on the past and very little on setting self-improvement goals for the future. This doesn’t give the client as
The education system and the peer group within the school system are important socialisation agents in an individual’s life. Children from an early age absorb the values, attitudes and beliefs of the society in which they participate (Ashman & Elkins, 2009).
The methods he used to obtain his information and data raised questions by other scientists. His research on children was lacking, as was his use of empirical studies, his research was male-dominated and also lacked universality. The theory of the id, ego and superego develops from birth into childhood therefore the use of case studies on adults and the lack of empirical study does not seem feasible enough to have developed this theory. First of all there is no guarantee that the memories of these adults on their childhood would be accurate, there was not any factual, re-testable data so it lacked reliability and validity secondly each case and person’s experience is different and therefore cannot be use to determine the development of an entire population. Freud’s theory was further biased due to him overlooking social and environmental aspects, which prevent universality; he was a European man who researched other upper middle class Europeans whose everyday living and circumstances differed greatly from others in
Theorists have expanded our knowledge of psychology, influenced one another to broaden, and built upon each other’s theories to develop their own. One theorist who has built upon previous theorists was Erik Erikson. Erikson developed an eight-stage theory of identity and psychosocial development, which has countless strengths and weaknesses.
Freud originally attempted to explain the workings of the mind in terms of physiology and neurology ...(but)... quite early on in his treatment of patients with neurological disorders, Freud realised that symptoms which had no organic or bodily basis could imitate the real thing and that they were as real for the patient as if they had been neurologically caused. So he began to search for psychological explanations of these symptoms and ways of treating them.
Many of his ideas led up to psychoanalysis, but a major contribution was his book, “The Interpretations of Dreams”. Psychoanalysis is both a treatment, as well as a theory. Freud believed that if the unconscious thoughts were brought to the surface, than people could be helped or cured. He believed that a person's development is essentially determined by forgotten events in childhood, rather than biologically. Using psychotherapy would involve many lengthy sessions that included the patient and the psychologist speaking about issues, emotions, and traumatic experiences. The psychologist would typically sit out of sight from the patient and take notes as he/she spoke. Psychoanalysis uses techniques such as ink blots, parapraxes, free association, interpretation, resistance analysis and transference analysis to study the human mind. In modern day psychology, Freud’s works are widely criticized. One of the main critiques of psychoanalysis is that is solely lacks scientific proof. It is unmeasurable and cannot be proven nor disproven. Another major critique is that Freud used the case-study method, and focused mainly on wealthy European women, instead of broadening his studies on other types of people. Many people think that Freud over-sexualized everything in his theories, as well. Although Freud’s theories are often critiqued and overlooked, it is no secret that because of Sigmund Freud and his findings, psychology has come as far as it has today. Many of his theories and thoughts are a basis for other psychologists’ findings. Sigmund Freud was one of the most influential thinkers of his time. He opened the door for others to follow his “out of the box” styles of thinking. Psychoanalysis also opened the door for scientists to begin to study the unconscious mind, as well as dreams (which were not studied much before Freud). Because of Sigmund Freud,
Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality is a method that he had developed for mental illness and human behavior. Freud believed that the process that individuals went through their stages of life developed personality, psychosexual stages. He also believed that the unconscious mind, the psyche, dream analysis, and defense mechanisms were also affected by these psychosexual stages. In 1990-1905 Freud developed topographical model that described the features, functions and structure of the mind (CITE HERE). This theory is compared to an iceberg, the conscious part of our mind is what we see above water and the unconscious is all of that which is below the surface of the water. With this finding he developed the psyche in 1923, which was a structural
Talcott Parsons have some of the same views of sociology as Durkheim, he believed that social life is categorized by social cooperation. Parsons also believed that commitment to common values maintains or...
Sigmund Freud was one of the original pioneers in the field of Psychology. The work that he accomplished throughout his lifetime laid a foundation for many theorists after him. The theorists that worked in Psychology, after Freud, were able to form their own thoughts, ideas, and hypotheses about the human mind after learning from his work. Sigmund Freud’s major contribution in the field of Psychology was his theory about the human psyche; which he called the Id, the Ego, and the Super-Ego. This theory was based on the human personality and its formation. Many of Freud’s analysis strategies became common practice in the field of Psychology and are still used today. Sigmund Freud will always be one of the most influential figures in the
...heories. Because Durkheim came way before Parsons and died when Parsons was basically a teenager, it is mainly Parsons that built on the work of Durkheim, as pointed out in the above paragraphs through his various theories, however his theories and Durkheim’s are very much interrelated and have the potential to connect because both of these theorists were engaged in figuring out social order, and though their answers were not exactly the same, Durkheim’s division of labor and social facts and Parsons unit of act and social systems are very much relatable as has been explained above.
Socialization is the process of passing down norms, customs, and ideologies that are important to the society by the previous generations to the younger generations. The school system is a social agency that was created to enhance the processes of socialization through education. The importance of school as an agent of socialization can be best explained by the amount of time students spend in school and in activities happen around school. The manifest functions of school are to educate students the social norms, and the knowledge and skills that help them become economically productive in order to benefit the society. But students not only learn from the academic curriculum but they also benefit from socialize with their teachers and peers.
Sigmund Freud was one of the trailblazers of modern-day psychology. After several years of clinical practice, Sigmund Freud became concern about finding a new way to cure his patients. He developed a new way of treatment, the psychoanalytic therapy based on the existence of the unconscious. According to his theory, our behavior is driven by sexual and destructive feelings. Freud mentions in his psychoanalytical theory of personality there are five stages of psychosexual stages structure of personality. However, the three main elements of a personality are id, ego and superego, which come together to generate intricate human behavior. The three essential parts of human psyche are listed below.