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Introduction
PageRank was proposed by Larry Page and Serge Brin, the founders of Google. [1] PageRank is a link analysis
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alogirthm used to determine the relative importance of a web page, thus a web page with a higher PageRank is considered to be more important and is more likey to be listed higher than a page with a lower PageRank.
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Earlier Search Engines
There were many search engines prior to Google. But unlike Google, most of them used simple web-crawling techniques like, inverted indexing and term frequency. Essentially an inverted index, is a data structure which points to each instance where the term occurs, making lookups relatvely effecient and easy.
When querying terms using inverted indexing, the search engine would locate on which web-pages those terms were found. Inverted indexing will rank the web-page based on how the term was being used. Thus a web-page with that said term being in the title or header, would be more relevant than a web-page with a high number of occurances of that term. Term frequency, was used more to reassure the relativeness of a web-page rather than to rank the pages itself.
As people began to fimilarise themselves with the internet and how the search engines were used, exploits were found. Particularly, how pages were being ranked. People found it easy to trick others into visting their websites by either inlcuding the term in the title or header or by increasing the amount of times that said term occurs in their web-page. For instance, people who sell cars could easily exploit the weaknesses
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of inverse indexing by adding the word ”cars” to their title and increasing the number of times the word appears in their normal text to fool the search engine into ranking their page higher, thu...
... middle of paper ...
... Taher H. Haveliwala, Topic-Sensitive PageRank,
Standford University
[3] Zolt an Gy ongyi, Hector Garcia-Molina and Jan Pedersen, Combating Web Spam with
TrustRank,
Stanford University, Pg 577-578
[4] Adam Bilter, What is PageRank?,
Retrieved on March 17, 2014 from http://checkpagerank.net/blog/pagerank/what-is-pagerank.php [5] Ian Rogers, IPR Computing Ltd., The Google PageRank Algorithm and How It Works,
Retrieved on March 20, 2014 from http://www.cs.princeton.edu/ chazelle/courses/BIB/pagerank.htm
[6] Jeffrey D. Ullman, PageRank
Chapter 5, Link Analysis Pg 161-173
[7] Web Master Resources and Seo Tips, Google - PageRank advantages and disadvantages
Retrieved on March 20, 2014 from http://web-master-seo.blogspot.com/2008/03/google-pagerank-advantages-and.html [8] Amy N. Langville and Carl D. Meyer, Google’s PageRank and Beyond: The Science of
Search Engine Rankings
Sergey Brin and Larry Page founders of Google, created Google in September 4, 1998, and since its creation the founder of google has made it their priority to make it “the perfect search engine.”(Carr Is google making us Stupid?). The way Google works is that it ranks each search results, by using automated programs called spiders or crawlers, just like most search engines. With a large index of keywords and where those words can be found in turn determines the order Google displays results on its search engine results page, Similar to artificial intelligence. Google uses a trademarked algorithm called PageRank, which assigns each Web page a relevancy score. Giving you the fastest answer for your search from thousand of websites. With every single search done Google is learning and adapting to becoming a more efficient search engine. Page co founder of Google describes “For us, working on search is a way to work on artificial intelligence.”(Carr Is google making us Stupid?). I agree with Nicholas Carr on how he is being shortsighted as he describes himself in his essay “Maybe I’m just a worrywart. Just as there’s a tendency to glorify technological progress, there’s a counter tendency to expect the worst of every new tool or machine.”(Carr Is google making us Stupid?). The
Google has developed over the many years. It was founded on the 4th of September 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. What started as BackRub search engine was then developed into Google.com (Google Inc.) which is a useful internet-related service that many people around the world have access to when connected to the internet. Google also provides a variety of different languages to its viewers and can be accessed nearly anywhere around the world.
Halsall, Paul. "Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., Aug. 1997. Web. 31 Dec. 2012.
In library and information science controlled vocabulary is a carefully selected list of words and phrases, which are used to tag units of information (document or work) so that they may be more easily retrieved by a search.
Sherry’s title was probably used to trick readers into believing that the essay was about a certain word, and how it can be positively used in all types of communication.
Wallace, Jonathon. (1997). Labelling, rating and filtering systems on the Internet. [Online]. Available: http://www.spectacle.org/cda/rate.html. [1997, Sep. 02].
Does the writer use enumeration to develop the definition? If so, where? If not, where in the essay might the writer list the term’s special characteristics?
conceptualization of the term/concept, and it also helps to show that the concept is indeed
The first IR system was built which used indexes and concordances. When the first large scale information systems were developed, computers can search indexes must better than human, which required more detailed indexing. However, indexing could also become too expensive and time consuming. Therefore, the idea of free-text searching is initiated, which eliminates the need for manual indexing. Objections pointed out that selecting the right words might not be the correct label for a given subject. One solution is official vocabularies. The idea of recall and precision also came out as methods for evaluating information retrieval systems, and they showed that free-text indexing was as effective as manual indexing and much cheaper. New information retrieval techniques such as relevance feedback, multi-lingual retrieval were invented. The 1960s also was the start of research into natural language question-answering, and researchers began building systems ...
In today’s fast paced technology, search engines have become vastly popular use for people’s daily routines. A search engine is an information retrieval system that allows someone to search the...
Sergey Brin and Larry Page met in spring 1995 at a gathering in Stanford University. Between January 1996 and December 1997, they created "BackRub", the precursor of Google search engine. The objective was to better organize and huge amount of data on the Internet. Eventually the name was changed to "Google" to signify the immense amount of information that resided on the Internet. Google is transformed from the word googol, referring to 1 followed by 100 zeros.
Search engines, specifically Google, have probably contributed more to the distribution of knowledge than any other invention since the creation of the printing press. Google was created by Larry Page and Serge...
Collaborative tagging is a new way to assign keywords to the internet resources by its users. It plays
...f visitors. This information would serve to guide content development, partnerships, positioning, branding and communications.
In 1995, the founders of Google, Larry Page and Sergey Brin met at Stanford. A year later in 1996, Larry and Sergey began collaborating on a search engine called BackRub. Backrub operated on the Stanford servers for more than a year before taking up too much bandwidth. The following year, on September 15th, 1997, Google.com is registered as a domain. The founders created Google with a mission in mind, to organize a seemingly infinite amount of information on the web. The name itself is a representation of this mission, Google is a play on the word “googol" a mathematical term for the number represented by the numeral one followed by 100 zeroes (“Our history”).