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Advantages of globalization
what is the role and importance of multinational corporations in international business
International market entry strategy advantages and disadvantages
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Recommended: Advantages of globalization
Increasing Globalization
Global expansion has developed a tactical imperative for nearly all large organizations and multinational corporation (MNC) managers have a great deal on their hands in developing, monitoring and changing these strategies. Becoming international is an important factor in assisting organizations in becoming globally competitive. Globalization has become a prevalent spectacle over the past two decades. This is the case and it is not a surprise at this day and age to discover world brands in distant locations throughout of the globe. As indicated by Booton (2011), “Peoria, Ill.-based Caterpillar plans to export partially assembled mini excavator base units to a facility in Europe for final assembly, which it says will improve delivery times to its customers across the pond” (para. 5). Caterpillar has made this decision to support mining across the globe and to support mining in remote locations in China. Why would they have this type of strategy? To gather a full explanation, this paper will describe the regional and international strategic planning initiatives of an MNC.
Regionalization
Unlike globalization, regionalization is more centralized to a specific region or a specific market. With regionalization, economic and social dissertation is restricted to geographical regions like East Asia or South America (Sim, n.d.). However, by being just regional versus global does not limit the organization from becoming more profitable and surviving rather than remaining in a domestic atmosphere. Being regional does have its advantages in improving economic conditions, innovation and development of a nation. As described by Rzyttka (2009), “regional centers of craftsmanship can function as the nucleus fo...
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...onal Journal of Management, 21(2), 166-171. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.proxy1.ncu.edu/docview/233230312/141CD4CAB8635B5DEA4/1?accountid=28180
Rzyttka, O. (2009). Regionalization versus globalization. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved from http://learners.ncu.edu/CourseRoom/Default.aspx?course_code=IB5013-8&learner_course_id=312663
Serban, E. (2012). The strategic alternatives for emerging markets entry strategies of multinational companies and their main investments in Romania. Revista de Management Comparat International, 13(2), 337-347.
Sim, P. (n.d.). The advantages of globalization vs. regionalization. Retrieved from http://learners.ncu.edu/CourseRoom/Default.aspx?course_code=IB5013-8&learner_course_id=312663
Why invest in emerging markets? (2014). Forbes. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/pictures/eglg45fmml/why-invest-in-emerging-markets/
General Motors is knocking on the door to world class business performance. Ohmae’s five stages of global operation support General Motors aspirations. From stage one to stage five there are significant differences to becoming a global organization. For instance, stage one, states that a company supports arm’s length customer export activity by a domestic company that links up with local and distributors to function. This stage represents the entry level global corporation. General Motors is at stage 4 of Ohmae’s five stages of becoming a global corporation, because it has exemplified the following traits: Systems and tools used globally not just at headquarters, R&D, Engineering and other business operations have a global focus, and all support functions are applied globally. (MFGO 601, WK. #2 Lecture Notes) An example of Ohmae’s, stage ...
He examines the situation of regional development of local economies over a period of time with respect to the wider globalization process. He suggests that modern world economy can be understood by its historic shapes rather than attempting to make sense of modern globalization as a singular phenomenon, and he divides it into different historic periods and explores every period according to its particular finance, trade and investment
For Caterpillar Inc. to explore new geographic markets particularly in Asia, it has to have a good strategy at the corporate level. At this level, decisions such as resource allocation, which markets to explore, and which products or services to develop are made. With regard to resource allocation, the focus needs to be on aspects such as how equipment, staffing, and cash will be distributed in the indentified markets. In addition to these, the corporate level also has the mandate or responsibility of deciding whether new services or products need to be added to the exi...
All research fully carried out on Entry nodes on the long run remain limited to large manufacturing firms. The foreign market selection and the choice of its entry modes drastically ascertain the performance of a specific firm. Entry mode can be defined as an arrangement for an organization that is organizing and conducting business in foreign countries like contractual transfers, joint ventures, and wholly owned operations (Anderson, 1997). Internationalization is part of a strategy which is going on for businesses and organizations transfers their operations across the national borders (Melin, 1992). The firm that is planning to have the operations across the border will have to choose the country that they are planning to visit. Anderson (1997) argues that the strategic market entry decisions forms a very important part of an organizational strategy. The decision to go international is part of the internationalization strategy of the firm. Multinational Corporations that desire to have international operations will find the strategy to go international, the mode of entry is very important. Even though there are studies which have shown that the main effect of being pioneers in a market promises superior performance in terms of market share and profitability than the late movers, Luo (1997) and other researchers have found out that the effect of the first mover may be conditional and will depend on the mode of strategy that is used (Isobe, & Montgomery, 2000). There are different strategies that MNCs can use to enter new foreign markets; they include exporting, licensing/franchising, full ownership and joint ventures. The mode of exporting entails a company selling its physical products which are usually manufactured outside the...
Investing or venturing into the international market involves critical analysis of the internal and external environment in which the company operates. Usually, a company will decide to venture internationally due to a saturated market or fierce competition in the current country of operation. The demand for a company’s products may have diminished as a result of an economic crisis thus the company will target a foreign market to sustain its sales. In other words, the firms expand internationally to seek new customers for its products. For example, the current Euro zone crisis led to low demand in Europe and many companies extended their businesses to emerging markets where demand was high. A company may also venture in the international market to enhance the cost-effectiveness of its operations especially for manufacturing companies that will benefit from low costs of production in developing world. Global expansion is a long term project as it involves demanding logistics to be successful. Thorough research must be undertaken to ensure that the expansion will create value for share...
Multinational enterprises date back to the era of merchant-adventurers, when the Dutch East India Company and the Massachusetts Bay Company traversed the world to extract resources and agricultural products from colonies (Gilpin 278-79). While contemporary multinational corporations (MNCs) do not command the armies and territories their colonial counterparts did, they are nevertheless highly influential actors in today’s increasingly globalized world.
In recent decades, the process of globalization has accelerated and the world economy has become increasingly interdependent. The rise in the number of businesses that extensively operate in more than one foreign country, which is known as multinational corporations, plays an important role in the ongoing procedure of globalization. The United Nations has reported that multinational corporations hold one-third of world’s productive assets and control 70 percent of world trade (Schermerhorn et al., 2014). As there is a considerable growth in international businesses, worldwide economy is becoming more highly competitive. The global economy not only offers great opportunities for multinational enterprises but also on the other hand, creates many difficulties for them. Therefore, success in the large-scale economy requires a number of elements. One of the major determinants is dependent on global managers. In the operation of organizations, managers may encounter different international management challenges that restrict their business development. These challenges often include issues associated with the host countries, the global workforce diversity management, management across cultures, difficulties in competitive global business environment as well as in the process of global planning and controlling. This essay is going to discuss the above international management challenges in a broad sense and giving illustration in aspects of each challenge.
Svensson, G., 2001. 'Globalization' of Business Activities: A 'Global Strategy' Approach, Management Decision, 39(1), pp.6-18.
Globalization can not only affect a company opening an office in another country but it can affect a small local business as well. As the internet brings the world closer together it becomes far more likely that a business that opened with no intention of selling internationally will have customers form different parts of the world asking for their product. For instance a steel company located in Pennsylvania may suddenly find orders coming in from South American factories. How the steel plant chooses to handle this new international customer could mean ...
Regional development is essential to overcome the social evils related to the localization of industries in developed areas alone, which results in overcrowding, noise and congestion. These adversely affect the health and efficiency of inhabitants.
Multinational enterprise (MNE) is “a company that is headquartered in one country but has operations in one or more other countries” (Rugman and Collinson 2012, p.38) that has at least one office in different countries but centralised home office. These offices coordinate global management in the context of international business. MNEs have increasingly essential influence on the development of the global economy and coordinate with other companies in different business environments. However, there are many issues involved with how MNEs operate well overseas, especially in emerging markets (EMs) (Cavusgil et al., 2013, p.5).
Firms exist with the purpose of create and deliver economic value (Bensaco et al 2010, p. 365); therefore, business that create better economic value than its competitors will attain an advantage position in market place. Companies might try to improve its sales (profit) through domestic expansion, product diversification or by internationalisation; this report will focus on the reasons of espressamente Illy to expand internationally; additionally, its sources of competitive advantage and, the analysis of three markets in which company want to participate.
Firstly, multinational corporations are not something new in this 21st century. There are more and more international corporation as people try to boost the process of globalization. The development of these multinational corporations depends on the management of the owners. Transnational strategy is needed in order to operate such a big system of companies. Every nation in this system has to be managed thoroughly in order to help running the corporation, as well as to keep the system as one consistent body of business. Managers also find it important to look for opportunitie...
International Marketing, at its simplest level, involves the firm making one or more marketing mix decisions across national boundaries (Jobber, 2010). At its most complex level, it involves the firm establishing manufacturing facilities overseas and coordinating marketing strategies across the globe (Jobber, 2010). There are various reasons for going global, some of which are: to find opportunities beyond saturated domestic markets; to seek expansion beyond small, low growth domestic markets; to meet customers’ expectations; to respond to the competitive forces for example the desire to attack an overseas competitor; to act on cost factor for example to gain economies of scale in order to achieve a balanced growth portfolio. The methods of market entry that could be used are indirect exporting (for example, using domestic –based export agents), direct exporting (for example, foreign –based distributors), licensing, joint venture and direct investment. I found this par...
Nowadays, business is set in a global environment. Companies not only regard their locations or primary market bases, but also consider the rest of the world. In this context, more and more companies start to run multinational business in various parts of the world. In this essay, companies which run multinational business are to be characterized as multinational companies'. By following the globalization campaign, multinational companies' supply chains can be enriched, high costs work force can be transformed and potential markets can be expanded. Consequentially, competitive advantages of companies can be strengthened in a global market. Otherwise, some problems are met in the changed environments in foreign countries at the same time. The changed environments can be divided into four main aspects, namely, cultural environment, legal environment, economic environment and political system problems. All the changed environments make problems to multinational companies. In particular, problems which are caused by changed culture environment are the most serious aspect of running a multinational business. This essay will discuss these problems and give some suggestions to solve them.