CASE SCENARIO ESSAY: TOPIC 1
After a motor vehicle accident Tom was left with an acquired brain injury with damage to the frontal lobe and the left temporal lobe. As a result Tom has been experiencing many difficulties, in particular with his memory. Memory refers to the mental capacity to retain information and convert it into a form that can be stored and retrieved at a later time. Storing and retrieving memories involves passing information from one stage to the next and then retrieving that information from long-term memory. (Burton, Westen & Kowalski, 2012, p.261) Memory is an integral part of human survival and without it, learning new skills, such as the ones required by Tom to regain his loss of function, could never prevail.
Memory has been of interest to psychologists since the late nineteenth century (Burton et al. 2012, p.260) and as a result, numerous models have emerged to help explain the processes involved in the formation of a memory. In modern times, it is widely accepted that there are three major components of memory; sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory.
Sensory memory is considered the first stage in the formation of a new memory. It requires an individual to pay attention to a stimulus. Sperling (1960) stated (As cited in Burton et al., 2012) “sensory registers hold information about a perceived stimulus for approximately half a second after the stimulus disappears, allowing a mental representation to retain in memory briefly for further processing.” Although all five senses can be retained and used to form a memory, auditory and visual senses are significantly noted in this stage of memory. The term iconic storage is the name given to the short period of time visual informati...
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... (1999). The multiple component model. Retrieved from http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/HomePage/Class/Psy355D/WorkingMemory.pdf
Burton, L., Westen, D., & Kowalski, R. (2000). Psychology (3rd ed.). Australia: John Wiley & Sons.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2014). Wernicke area. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/639879/Wernicke-area Mastin, L. (2010) Episodic and semantic memory. Retrieved from http://www.human-memory.net/types_episodic.html
Royal Adelaide Hospital. (2013, July 3). Brain injury rehabilitation service. Retrieved from http://www.rah.sa.gov.au/birs/bi_cognitive_impairment.php Scoville, W. B., Milner, B (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of neurology neurosurgery and psychiatry, 20(11), 11–21. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC497229/pdf/jnnpsyc00285-0015.pdf
Numerous studies have shown the human mind has a heightened ability to encode information relevant to our survival. During the standard paradigm used for proving a basis for survival processing, participants were instructed to imagine themselves in an unknown grassland without access to basic needs (Kostic, McFarlan, & Cleary, 2012). The subjects were then asked to rate a list of items based on how useful they would be given the survival scenario (Kostic et al., 2012). Following a short delay, the
Human memory is one of the most important for people to recall past events. Eyewitness is frequently the critical evidence for solving crimes, and also the important evidence for determining whom the perpetrator is. Thus, it’s essential to consider the reliability and accuracy of eyewitness memory for recall the details of past events for evaluating the crime. This article will against the argument of eyewitness memory reliability to recall past events. Unfortunately, human memory may not be that
also is lost after death according to the memory criterion because memories are unable to be caused in the right way after death. Any reproduction of memories, by God or anyone else, would not be caused in the right way. Even if memories were able to be transported to another entity, the psychological elements of identity are not able to be. Consequently, the memory/psychological criterion does not allow for survival after death. Thus the objection of survival after death does not sufficiently reject
central nervous system and the brain, the host gets sick and dies within 1-2 weeks. Once the host has passed away the virus almost like a jump-start to the brain turns on the basic function of any living creature which is hunger, and these now revived humans will feast on anything around them that is living. I was with my friends one day when we heard about a viral pandemic spreading throughout the country. We were at school when the news came on, the newscaster was talking about the pandemic. The scientist
1984, by George Orwell, presents a post-apocalyptic world where a ruling party similarly manipulates the people’s memories in order to have infinite power and control. In this novel a man named Winston has memories of the past political state that exist before the Party’s existence which spark a desire within him to rebel, but he is caught and tortured until he believes that his memories are lies. Similarly, in the novel The Road, by Cormac McCarthy, a man and a boy travel an abandoned road in a post-apocalyptic
In life, stories are an essential component of human survival and success. Stories enable people’s legacies to continue even when they pass away. Also, stories allow the storyteller freedom to share what he chooses to. The significance of stories is demonstated throughout literary works. Some works that show the significance of stories include, The Things They Carried, The Big Fish, “The Evolutionary Case for Great Fiction” and “For Better Social Skills, Scientists Recommend a Little Chekhov
The human life cycle begins at birth and ends with death. In between these two major life events, there are numerous thoughts, experiences and relationships that shape who a person is and what their identity is. As we progress through the life cycle, our bodies begin to decline physically and cognitively. Throughout all these changes, when does a person become a new person? One of the most common problems in elders is dementia. The Alzheimer’s Association describes dementia as a range of symptoms
A Portrait Of Friedrich Nietzsche Should human beings be defined simply by their genetics or heritage? This is a question that pains many philosophers including Friedrich Nietzsche, who is the author of Ecce Homo. In his book Nietzsche goes through implicate measures to emphasize that human beings cannot merely be defined by their genetics or national origin. According to Nietzsche, it is how we live that characterizes us. In fact, there is a specific issue in his book that thoroughly discuss an
cingulate gyrus, ventral tegmental area, basal ganglia, and the prefrontal cortex. Function: The limbic system is responsible for many human emotions or drives and particularly those that relate to our basic survival. Some examples would be fear, anger and emotions related to sexual behaviour. It is also involved with feelings of pleasure that relate to our survival such as eating or sex. Lastly, the limbic system is made up of many different parts and each part is responsible for a specific function
This can be true on many levels because when you feel extremely tired, you want to go to sleep. Motor learning can be a big influence on this. Motor learning is like muscle memory. When I played football in high school, my coach always would tell us to practice the way we would play in a game because our muscles will automatically know the techniques. That is why when people workout, then go to sleep. They sleep for a longer
Nirmeen Jabouri Professor Lesser English 124 18 October 2017 What We Think We Know The brain is by far the most fascinating muscle within the human body. Separating us from other forms of animals is at the bottom of the list when it comes to the capabilities of the brain. This highly intricate piece of machinery is what hold structures that give us a peak into the primitive minds of our ancestors with fascinating features such as the amygdala. In contrast, there is also the highly
maintain a balanced lifestyle, stay healthy, and stay happy. But why is this so? According to Harvard University’s Health Blog, exercise directly changes brain structure, enlarging both the prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal cortex, improving memory, learning, as well as critical thinking skills (Godman). These effects, combined with the release of endorphins, improve your mood by jump-starting several biological processes, thus reducing stress and relieving anxiety. There are numerous positive
style” (BrainyQuote). This theme of seeking for more in life than just survival in life is important to living a fulfilling existence in the world. In Emily St. John Mandel's novel, Station Eleven, Kirsten is a young girl when a pandemic destroys most of society. The Georgia Flu removed all luxuries from the Earth and left people to defend for themselves. Fifteen years later, Kirsten is determined to do more than just survive. "Survival is Insufficient" is a common phrase in Station Eleven that the characters
I was surprised b... ... middle of paper ... ... it’s not about the destination but the journey. Works Cited Parfit, Derek. "Personal Identity." The Philosophical Review 80 (1971): 3-27. Hume, David. "6: Personal Identity." Treatise of Human Nature. 132-40. Hestevold, Scott. Class Lecture. Metaphysics. University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Al. 23 February 2011 Parfit, Derek. "Personal Identity." The Philosophical Review 80 (1971): 3-27. 5. Hestevold, Scott. Class Lecture. Metaphysics.
Survival is the center all adventures; there are multiple environments which are set up in a way to build up the main characters and reveal the characteristics which truly represent the heroes who are fittest due to Darwin’s theory of evolution and survival of the fittest. Cormac McCarthy’s Novel “The Road” set up an environment, which truly pushes the main heroes of the story to the limit physically and mentality. Ray Bradbury’s “Fahrenheit 451”set up a world where knowledge and many other ordinary