Management of Information Systems in an Organization
INTRODUCTION
Management Information Systems are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization.(1)
In a recent survey article in The Economist, John Browning (1990) wrote: "Information technology is no longer a business resource; it is the business environment." His statement is not far from truth. Ongoing advances in information technology (IT), along with increasing global competition, are adding complexity and uncertainty of several orders of magnitude to the organizational environment.(2)
The recognition of the role managers play in shaping the ways in which the technology
is designed and used has prompted a more optimistic assessment of the implications of
IT for managers, seeing its use as requiring new skills, freeing up more time for other
valued activities such as people-management, providing better quality and more timely
information to aid the decision-making process.(3)
An MIS provides the following advantages:
1. It Facilitates planning: MIS improves the quality of plants by providing relevant information for sound decision – making. Due to increase in the size and complexity of organizations, managers have lost personal contact with the scene of operations.
2. In Minimizes information overload: MIS change the larger amount of data in to summarized form and there by avoids the confusion which may arise when managers are flooded with detailed facts.
3. MIS Encourages Decentralization: Decentralization of authority is possibly when there is a system for monitoring operations at lower levels. MIS is successfully used for measuring performance and m...
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...onal Change and Organizational Interdependence.
http://www.kmbook.com/change/intro.htm
3) Computer based Information Systems and Managers’ Work; by Kimble, Chris, University of York and McLaughlin, Kevin, University of Northumbria at Newcastle.
http://www.chris-kimble.com/Publications/Documents/Kimble_1995.pdf
4) Various Advantages of Information Management Systems
http://www.management-hub.com/information-management-advantages.html
5) IT’s Role in Finance System Implementation, by Harding, Paul
http://www.b-eye-network.com/view/5722
6) Ashwin Dedhia,
http://blog.maia-intelligence.com/2008/04/24/financial-management-information-system-mis/
7) Integrated Financial Management Information Systems
http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADK595.pdf
8) Management Information Systems
http://www.enotes.com/business-finance-encyclopedia/management-information-systems
Saunders, C. S., & Pearlson, K. E. (2009). Managing and Using Information Systems. John Wiley&Sons, Incorporated.
A management information system (MIS) is an information collection and analysis system that facilitates access to program and participant information."(mays.tamu.edu, 2013) This system is usually computerized. Businesses use MIS at all levels of operation to collect, process and store data. Management uses this data in the form of information needed to carry out the daily operations of the business. Everyone who works in business, from someone who pays the bills to the person who makes employment decisions, uses MIS. In fact, many (if not most) companies concentrate on the alignment of MIS with business goals to achieve competitive advantage over other companies. "The major components of the MIS are the database, the model base, and the user interface. The database is used to store important data, the model base has the required statistical models in order to analyze the large amounts of data, and the user interface allows the user of the software to navigate through it and use it with ease."(mays.tamu.edu, 2013)
Over time, massive investment has made in its technology and information systems to support the strategy on the belief that information played a vital role for such a decentralization structure. The Management Information and Control System were used in collecting useful information and then disseminating back: all affilates have to input their performance results and revised budgets frequently and receive a full report summarizing comparative statistics by ranking their relative performance in return.
The deployment of MIS (management information system) in India was spearheaded by the banks as they felt the most need and drive to implement a MIS (management information system) to better the risk involved in their day-to-day business.
Webopedia.com. (2017). What is MIS - Management Information System? Webopedia Definition. [online] Available at: https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/MIS.html [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017]. These systems strengthen the operation of a business and include everything from routine DP, transaction processing activities, through to decision oriented support. MIS is the instrumentation of an organisation. Their interfaces to the human controllers serve as dials and gauges that allow these controllers to read off the current state of their organisation. They may record and model all or part of the organisations activities and provide indicators of any actual or predicted change in state. Of most value, they record or predict the rate, direction and timing of such changes. When a business event occurs, the event provides the raw material for the MIS. The event may be recorded, appropriately stored, transmitted,
Laudon, KC & Laudon, JP 2010, Management Information Systems: Managing the digital firm, 11th Global edn, Pearson Education, Inc, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
IT efficiency and IT flexibility may be regarded as the dominant EAM goals. IT efficiency may be defined as the relation between the output of the IS function and its total efforts. In this context, the output...
Wang, R. Y. Pierce, E. M. and Madnick, S. E. (2005) Information Quality. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, Inc..
Information system would be flexible to supply alternate ways of processing data and assigning rate to different decision variables. Information systems should include not only the relevant factors that can be quantified but also the factors that cannot be quantified. Information systems should be flexible enough to absorb the inevitable changes in the information needs of business.
A management information system (MIS), according to Shelly, Cashman and Vermaat, (2008) is an information system that generates accurate, timely and organized information so managers and other users can make decisions, solve problems, supervise activities, and track progress. Because it generates reports on a regular basis, a management information system sometimes is called a management reporting system (MRS). Any system that helps managers and other professionals to plan, control, and make decisions is a management information system (Oz, 2009).
Ackoff identifies five assumptions commonly made by designers of management information systems (MIS). With these assumptions, Ackoff argues that these assumptions are in most cases not justified cases, and often lead to major deficiencies in the resulting systems, i.e. "Management Misinformation Systems." To overcome these assumptions and the deficiencies which result from them, Ackoff recommends that management information system should be imbedded in a management control system.
MIS are distinct from other information systems as they are used for analysis and facilitation of strategic and operational activities.
Since, MIS plays an important role in management, administration and operation of the organization; therefore it helps in information gathering, communication, problem identification and helps in the process of decision-making.
Laudon C. & J. Laudon (2003: 5th edition) Essentials of Management Information Systems. London: Prentice Hall International Limited
Advances in technology have changed businesses dramatically, in particular the communication and information technology that are conducted in firms, which changed the appearance and pace of businesses over the past few decades. ICT in particular, has evolved a lot over the past 30 years; important information can be stored in computers rather than being in drawers enabling information to be transferred at a greater volume and speed (Guy, 2009). ICT has also expanded various forms of telecommunications and workload conducted in businesses, internet examples of this include: e-mails can be used to communicate with others...