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Ethical reasoning essay lib 100
Ethical reasoning essay lib 100
The importance of persuasive writing
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Many people and organizations use writing and visual methods to persuade readers to their view. In such pieces, the author will use many different tricks and appeals in order to draw the reader to his or her train of thought. According to Andrea Lunsford in her instructional book The Everyday Writer, these appeals can be broken down into three main types – logical, emotional and ethical. A logical argument uses facts, statistics and surveys to back up what the author is saying and is commonly referred to as logos. An ethical argument is one that tries to build up the authors characters and prove to the reader that the author is qualified to give his or her views on the topic at hand. Ethical arguments are commonly called ethos. Finally, the most effective (and possibly misleading) appeal is emotional. Pathos, as it’s commonly called, is achieved by simply appealing to emotions or making the problem more ‘human’ (Lundsford 115-116). Any sort of persuasive piece, be it an essay, a video, or an editorial; employs ethos, pathos, and logos to try to prove its point.
“The Torture Myth” is a short anti-torture essay written by journalist Anne Applebaum four years after the September 11th, 2001 attacks and before the Senate vote on the nomination of pro-torture Alberto Gonzales for Attorney General. Applebaum does not directly use ethos in her essay; however, a short bibliographical passage in The Seagull Reader shows that she is more than qualified to write on the issue. Applebaum’s use of logos is sparse and flawed. While Applebaum uses first hand testimony from men experienced in ‘aggressive interrogation tactics,’ she tries to use two men to express the opinion of interrogators in the entire United States Army. Furthermore, Appleba...
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... their points and hit home with the reader. These appeals can either bolster an argument and provide much need support or work as thin stilts to make an argument look bigger than it really is. Regardless of the writer’s intention, the effective deployment of ethos, pathos, and logos can transform a work from unsupported opinion to a masterpiece of persuasion.
Works Cited
Applebaum, Anne. “The Torture Myth.” The Seagull Reader: Essays. Ed. Joseph Kelly. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2008. 35-38. Print.
Lousiana Right to Life. “2011 Louisiana Life March Promo Video (Louisiana March for Life.)” 31 Oct. 2010. YouTube. 5 Feb. 2011.
Lundsford, Andrea A, Paul Matsuda, and Christine Tardy. The Everyday Writer. 4th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2009. Print.
Bartlett, Steve. “Overregulation Hurts Economy.” Editorial. USA Today 10 Feb. 2010:7A. Print.
Pathos is the author's use of emotions and sympathy to urge the audience to agree with his or her standpoint. And lastly, logos apply sound reasoning (logic) to attract the typical ideas of the audience and to prove the author's point of view. "Lockdown" by Evans D. Hopkins is a fine example of an author using these appeals to persuade his audience. Hopkins uses of the three appeals are easy to locate and relate to throughout the entire passage. He undoubtedly uses rhetoric to try and keep his audiences focused and to persuade them to feel the way he does about the treatment of prisoners.
Heinrichs had previously worked as a journalist before becoming a full time writer and advocate for rhetoric. He utilizes illustrative examples to convey rhetorical concepts. Furthermore, chapter four reveals the most valuable logos and pathos tactic. Lastly, this book’s use should be continued in this course.
Edlund, John R. Ethos, Logos, Pathos: Three Ways to Persuade.” Cal Poly Pomona, n.d. Web. 6
Some of the great philosophers known to man, Aristotle and Plato, wanted the ability to persuade. Aristotle wanted to be able to persuade people with a good amount of time, wisdom, and knowledge so that people could see the good of something. His student, Plato, wanted to be able to persuade people quickly and more affectively by persuading them in a very short time frame. So in order to quickly persuade people, Plato proposed an argument by expressing an idea and supporting it with rhetorical evidence. From Plato’s teaching came three types of rhetorical evidence; logos, which argues by logic; pathos, which argues by the use of sympathy and empathy; and ethos, which argues by the use of ethical appeals. Today the three types of rhetorical analysis can be found everywhere in everyday life. Just like Plato, ad writers who produce TV commercials want to persuade people in a short amount of time. These ad writers have to persuade the view point of their audience in about 30 seconds to a minute in time. In 2010, during Super Bowl XLIV, a commercial by Audi was premiered. This Audi commercial is a great example of the use of the three types of rhetorical evidence; logos, pathos, and ethos.
In regards to her pathos persuasions she uses detailed and emotion-packed quotes in order to provoke her audience’s emotions. When it comes to her ethos persuasions, she uses them intermittently throughout her article by referencing her job title as an instructor and clearly establishing her themes and goals of the article in order to create a credible and dependable persona for her audience. Last but surely not least, Ellen Roses utilizes logos persuasions in order to influence her readers in a way that they understand her writing and logically believe what she is
Gilbert, Daniel. “Reporting Live From Tomorrow.” 2007. Emerging: Contemporary Readings For Writers. Boston, MA: Bedford/St.Martins, 2010. Print.
In Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, pathos, logos and ethos are evidently and effectively used to persuade the audience into believing Caesar was not ambitious and that he was an innocent man. Throughout the speech the citizens were easily persuaded, but Anthony’s intellectual speeches made the audience question and imagine what they have turned into. Anthony used these three rhetorical appeals to win back the citizens just like many people do today. The power of pathos, logos and ethos in a speech can change one mind in an instant and if successfully used can change a mind to be fully persuaded without confusion.
Authors have many strategies when it comes to winning over their readers and on some occasions may even target their opponents, to make them look bad, in an attempt to make themselves look better. In the articles by Steve Greenberg and Michael Weinreb we will look at the way authors constrict articles to get readers to side with opinion by appealing to a person through logos, pathos, ethos, and the use of rhetorical devices. Greenberg use of a logical fallacy, using a rhetorical device against his friend, and his own use of rhetorical devices in order to convince reader through by ethos of how awful his friend and cardinal fans are, while Weinreb focuses on logos, a logical fallacy, and rhetorical devices to strengthen
Aristotle’s mode of persuasion Logos, Pathos and Ethos are all components often used to persuade an audience. Logos appeals to logic or stating the facts, Pathos taps into your emotions and Ethos demonstrates the presenter’s credibility. Determining which appeal was used will assist you on having a clear understanding if you should buy into the idea, product etc.
For some, an argument may be a discussion that leads people to become mad and feel hate towards someone. This also might bring tension, between friends and family, but there’re times when people just want to discuss a topic that they feel would make the conflict better or resolved. When an argument happens, it’s recommended to use Aristotle’s Rhetorical Triangle. It is here that Aristotle set’s up three ways to appeal to the audience, which are ethos, pathos, and logos. These three appeals help the writer to persuade, inform, or convince the audience that what he/she is doing the right thing. Without Aristotle’s Rhetorical Triangle and Aims of Arguments, the writer would unsuccessfully perform an argument correctly. If creditability of the
Rhetoric is something that we use constantly in our everyday life. Unbeknown to us, we have been using the persuasive appeals of pathos, ethos and logos even for the most mundane things. Rhetoric can be seen everywhere in our everyday’s lives in form of media, religion, politics, government propaganda, historic references and social media. We should learn to identify and appropriately use the different categories of rhetoric expressions in an effective manner. Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing in order to convince the audience or the reader. It is sued to convince the audience to think in the same way as the arguer or the presenter.
Aristotle believes that there are three important rhetoric devices used in the art of persuasion. These rhetoric appeals are most commonly known as pathos, ethos, and logos. Pathos is used for creating emotional appeals like anger or happiness to persuade the audience on a certain claim. Ethos, in arguments, creates a sense of trustworthiness between the author and audience to make an appeal credible. Logos uses strategies of logic like inductive and deductive reasoning to persuade viewers. In a 1995 Nike advertisement known as, “If you let me play,” pathos, logos, and ethos are rhetoric devices utilized to portray a better way of life for young girls that are involved in sports.
Not only written works, but also visuals: children’s cartoons, video games, television, movies, billboards, and the Internet all have persuasive communication silently woven in. Ethos has to do primarily with credibility. Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and is a means of convincing the audience of the character or credibility of the persuader or content. Examples of this in the billboard advertisement are the sponsors at the bottom: Baron Real Estate, the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, and the American Lung Association.
“If one speaks about torture, one must take care not to exaggerate,” Jean Améry view of torture comes from a place of uneasiness (22). He discusses in his book At The Mind’s Limits, about the torture that he underwent while a prisoner in Auschwitz. In his chapter titled “Torture”, he goes into deep description of not only the torture he endured, but also how that torture never leaves a person. Améry goes to great lengths to make sure that the torture he speaks of is accurate and as he says on page 22, not exaggerated.
Rhetorical Analysis and Persuasion Every day we are victims to persuasion whether anyone can notice it or not. Logos, pathos and ethos are the types of persuasion. Logos persuades by reason, pathos by appealing to emotion and ethos by the credibility of the author. The characters in The Iliad employ the use of these techniques to sway another character into doing or feeling something else.