To investigate the Law of Conservation of Momentum
Research
4. Review Of Literature
Sir Isaac Newton was a 17th Century Physicist and Mathematician. Newton developed the principles of modern physics and in 1687 he published his most acclaimed work, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. This contained his famous laws of Motion.
First law: When viewed in an inertial reference frame, an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law: F = ma. The vector sum of the forces F on an object is equal to the mass m of that object multiplied by the acceleration vector a, of the object.
Third law: When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.
The law of conservation of momentum is an application of Newton’s second and third laws.
The law of conservation of momentum states:
For a collision occurring between object 1 and object 2 in an isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects after the collision. That is, the momentum lost by object 1 is equal to the momentum gained by object 2.
Trough the years there has been numerous practical experiments to demonstrate the law of conservation of momentum and the one that is probably best known is Newton’s Cradle.
From the literature researched and the equipment available it was decided to perform the experiment using marbles on a flat surface.
Based on my research it was found that the majority of sources had stayed true to the origin of the theory and is very reliable as there is correlation between them.
5. Hypothe...
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... have been better than wood because of the different coefficient of friction.
However as the aim was to prove the conservation of momentum and it was done for all 4 marbles under the same conditions these played a minor role in the outcome of the experiment.
8. Conclusion
Based on the original hypothesis we can deduct that the hypothesis has been proven.
The same result was achieved within allowable variance for all four the marbles used in the experiment.
The magnitude of variation as a deviation of momentum was well within the expected results for all 4 the samples.
The variation can be ascribed to external factors like the timing of the distance travelled between the measured points.
9. Reference List
• http://www.biography.com/people/Isaac-newton
• www.physicsclassroom.com/.../momentum/u4l2b.
• www.britannica.com/.../conservation-of-mome
• h2physics.org/?cat=6
The goal of this experiment is to develop a theory, which allows us to understand the motion of a marble.
of the marble chips the same. I will do all of the experiment on the
Newton’s second law states that when a net force is applied to an object, that object will experience a change in velocity, and will undergo acceleration. That acceleration is proportional to the net force applied, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. In other words, the heavier an object is, it will require a greater force to move the object the same amount (e.g., distance) as a lighter object. ( https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/newton2.html)The mathematical equation that expresses Newton’s second law is:
Law 1. An object continues in its initial state of rest or motion with uniform velocity unless it is acted on by an unbalanced, or net external, force.
Prompt: Define Newton’s Third Law, give three effects of it, and create an experiment designed to explore one aspect of it.
In 1687, Newton published Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (also known as Principia). The Principia was the “climax of Newton's professional life” (“Sir Isaac Newton”, 370). This book contains not only information on gravity, but Newton’s Three Laws of Motion. The First Law states that an object in constant motion will remain in motion unless an outside force is applied. The Second Law states that an object accelerates when a force is applied to a mass and greater force is needed to accelerate an object with a larger mass. The Third Law states that for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction. These laws were fundamental in explaining the elliptical orbits of planets, moons, and comets. They were also used to calculate
This equation shows that mass will not affect the speed of an object, proving that whatever the mass of an object, the speed will always remain the same if all the other factors are kept constant.
Method: If momentum is conserved in a closed system, the total momentum of the system before collision should equal the total momentum of the system after the collision. Strobe photos will be used in the calculations that will prove that momentum is conserved.
One of the best methods for determining mass in chemistry is gravimetric analysis (Lab Handout). It is essentially using the the mass of the product to figure out the original mass that we are looking for. Thus the purpose of our experiment was to compare the final mass in our reaction to the initial mass and determine the change in mass.
Different collisions took place throughout the process of the Rube Goldberg Machine. This included Elastic and Inelastic collisions. An example of an Elastic Collision in our Rube Goldberg Machine is when the car went down the track and collided with another car. Elastic collisions are defined as collisions with conservation or no loss of momentum. This is proven by the first car which transferred its momentum to the second car thus momentum was perfectly conserved. An Inelastic Collision is seen in our project ...
The Volume Library, vol. I, Physics: Newton's Law of Motion. Pg. 436. The Southwestern Company, Nashville, Tennessee, 1988.
The object was created by Sir Isaac Newton to demonstrate conservation of momentum of energy through five swinging spheres. When one end of the device is lifted and then released it strikes the other spheres and the direct force causes them to move. The first ball might have caused the impact but it was not capable of moving itself and another sphere did not move it. The force that created the initial reaction was outside of the Newton’s cradle. Newton however had a very different outlook on motion “The Newtonian motion which remained, however, is the result of conflict, lacks any purpose or goal and has nothing to do with the divine life itself. Aristotle, and indeed Plato before him, would have viewed such motion” (SIMON OLIVER) Even though both famous academic thinkers came to the same conclusion that everything in motion must have be placed in motion they cannot come to the same conclusion “Ultimately, all motion is seen as a participation in the most perfect "motionless motion" of the Trinitarian Godhead in which all things are known, and thereby created and sustained, in the eternal emanation of the Son from the Father. By contrast, Newton outlined a view of motion which saw this category as a primitive state to which bodies are indifferent. Thus motion tells us nothing about the ontology of creation.
We did not have a specific place on the ramp at where we would drop the mass pieces onto the trolley. We just dropped them anywhere on the ramp. The position of the collisions was different for all three trials which might have affected the results because the distance after the collisions was different for every collision. There was no consistency.
In the natural world, physicists find new discoveries constantly. Some of these discoveries include the study of motion and forces. The well-known scientist, Isaac Newton, came up with the three laws of motion, which state rules and facts about the movement of an object. Our textbook states the laws of motion, as ?A body in motion will remain in motion at a constant speed and direction unless an outside force acts upon it. The net force acting upon an object is directly related to the mass and acceleration of the object resulting acceleration is in the direction of the net force, which is the vector sum of all forces acting upon the object. Finally, the third law of motion states that when one object applies a force to another, the other object applies the same amount of force back to the first object, but in opposite directions.? With these laws of motion, we can understand in detail how our world works. Also, that the movement of an object is more complex than a simple push. This discovery is taught to students all over the world because of its great importance and will continue to enhance the knowledge of the mystery of our earth.
The first law is, “every object in a state uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.” This means if an object at rest tends to stay at rest, then an object that is moving tends to stay moving. So when a force is applied to the rested object, it should start moving, if the force is great enough. This is commonly referred to the, “law of inertia.”