King Claudius: A Villain or Victim?

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In the play Hamlet, Claudius is known as the villain of the play. He is the lead antagonist who is characterized as a cunning, incestuous, and vile, usurper. Many readers and critics of the play do not dispute this perception, especially after reading how Claudius became the King of Denmark; He steals the throne by poisoning his brother, the previous king, and quickly marrying Queen Gertrude his widowed sister in law (1.5.42, 60-74). The general reading of Claudius’s character paints him to be a corrupt, cowardly politician, in addition to being Hamlet’s (the protagonist) foe. This portrait engages first-time readers to judge Claudius immediately and although this perspective of his personality is proven to be true, it is limited. Claudius is actually very benevolent, gentle, empathetic, passionate, and gay but his emotions are subdued when his addiction to power takes over.

Claudius is very familiar with the privileged life of being royalty. King Hamlet, his brother was the King of Denmark; but being related to the king was not enough to satisfy his hunger for control. There is proof of this in his very first speech in act 1, scene ii, where he discusses his brother’s death and his recent marriage very briefly before he is ready to discuss the executive matters of Denmark.

That we the wisest sorrow think on him

Together with remembrance of ourselves

Therefore our sometime sister, now our queen, (1.2.6-8)

With mirth in a funeral and with dirge in marriage,

In equal scale weighing delight and dole- (1.2.12-13)

With this fair along. For all our thanks.

Now follows that you know. Young Fortinbras… ...

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...y queen. (3.3.52-56)

Unfortunately again we see his addiction take control over his rational mind. In repentance he has a chance to clean his soul but that would mean that he would have to sacrifice all the rewards and all the power he currently possesses. His addiction will not allow that.

Throughout the play Claudius fought with his internal conflicts of either protecting his loved ones or protecting his assets as king. It is obvious that we were intended to read Claudius’s character as a murderous villain, but the evidence is not black and white. Claudius cares for the people around him. He hurts when they hurt. He is not a monstrous killing machine; he is a diseased person who simply can’t control his convulsions for total power. Hamlet may have been the tragic hero, but Claudius was undoubtedly the tragic villain.

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