Human cloning has not been legally used in humans because many people and experts are still discussing its effectiveness, worthiness and effect on humanity. Human cloning, also known as human genetic engineering, can be divided into two main types, which are therapeutic cloning, growing cloned tissue from individual, and reproductive cloning, genetically identical copy of an individual. Human cloning have drawn people’s attention because people are become more concerned about health problems and tried to find a methodology that can help them live longer and better; human cloning seems to be one of the possible choices. However, it is still being discussed its trade-off between benefits and risks. Despite medical benefits and advancement of knowledge, human cloning has a number of risks and should not be developed and utilized without a very strict control from the respective governments and international organizations.
Human cloning, or human genetic engineering, has several medical benefits for humanity. It might be able to solve the problem of organ shortage and can help prolong people’s life. According to the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) (2008) cited in Clemmons (2009), there were 101,953 individuals in 2009 waiting for organ transplants, and 6,479 died while they were waiting for the organs. These numbers may be reduced by using human cloning in terms of therapeutic cloning, the harvest of embryonic stem cells from somatic cell nuclear transfer, in an organ transplant. Therapeutic cloning may become an increasingly successful method that can minimize the shortage of organ and increase the number of patients who can benefit from organ transplantation (Baird, 2002). Moreover, therapeutic cloning is also presumably he...
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... deflect people’s interest from human cloning. In reproductive cloning, it has not been accepted by society because it leads to a number of ethical concerns and it has a low probability of success. On the other hand, therapeutic cloning seems to have many essential benefits to humanity but its result is still unpredictable. Therefore, only therapeutic cloning should be partially developed and carefully utilized under governments and international organizations inspection. In order to confirm that it has not been abused or used for the wrong purpose and does not cause any harm to humanity. In addition, it should be tested on animals until the success rate is almost 100% before start testing on humans for safety reason. Lastly, human cloning in terms of therapeutic cloning should be regulated by an international law so there will have no loophole for the exploiters.
“Cloning represents a very clear, powerful, and immediate example in which we are in danger of turning procreation into manufacture.” (Kass) The concept of cloning continues to evoke debate, raising extensive ethical and moral controversy. As humans delve into the fields of science and technology, cloning, although once considered infeasible, could now become a reality. Although many see this advancement as the perfect solution to our modern dilemmas, from offering a potential cure for cancer, AIDS, and other irremediable diseases, its effects are easily forgotten. Cloning, especially when concerning humans, is not the direction we must pursue in enhancing our lives. It is impossible for us to predict its effects, it exhausts monetary funds, and it harshly abases humanity.
In conclusion, with the development of cloning technology, public have different attitudes towards it. On one hand, serious diseases, like liver cancer, are likely to be cured by transplanting healthy cells and scientists have more access to medical research. It brings hope for infertile families to obtain a baby. On the other hand, it has raised public concerns about security risks due to high failure and malformation rate, and ethical issues about dignity, which are mainly caused by productive cloning. Hence, therapeutic cloning should be enhanced to minimize its potential safety risks in order to be put into clinical application, while reproductive cloning ought to be prohibited worldwide without the agreement on moral issues.
“Why Human Cloning Must Be Banned Now.” Cbhd. Trinity International University, 4 June 2002. Web. 31 March 2014.
In conclusion, it is clear to see that cloning is not the taboo it has been made out to be. It is a new boundary that humanity has never encountered before and so it is understandable that people have qualms about ‘playing God’ by shaping a life. Although some might argue that it is immoral to clone human beings, the truth is that it is unethical not to. Given that such technology has the potential to save millions upon millions of lives, not tapping into that industry would have dire consequences on the future. In this case, the ends more certainly justify the means.
Cloning is, and always has been an extremely contentious topic. To some, the ethical complications surrounding it, are far more promiscuous than what scientists and medical experts currently acknowledge. Cloning is a general term that refers to the process in which an organism, or discrete cells and genes, undergo genetic duplication, in order to produce an identical copy of the original biological matter. There are two main types of artificial cloning; reproductive and therapeutic, both of which present their respective benefits and constraints. This essay aims to discuss the various differences between the two processes, as well as the ethical issues associated with it.
Position one states that we should be able to go through with cloning as long as there are limitations attached. These limitations include deciding on a length in time in which the embryo has to be harvested, having the government monitor the individuals or groups that engage in the research, a ban on commerce in living cloned human embryos, human subjects will be researched on with the highest standards of ethics, a prior scientific review of the proposed uses of cloned embryos to judge their unique medical and scientific benefits, and research will continue into non-embryonic sources of stem cells. Position one, along with positions two and three will be discussed further in the following paper.
With the exploration of various solutions and issues that arise when dealing with these approaches to the moral dilemma faced, one can only conclude that the best solution is already being developed. The human race is not ready to control the formation of life, for there are too many potential abuses and no way to control them. A peremptory ban on human cloning research should not be necessary with the current level of cloning technology possessed. However, the strict limiting of which areas of this research are pursued, and who pursues the research is most critical. As new ideas appear confusion arises, and understanding of all aspects of the new ideas cause rise to necessary changes in society. The popular approval of the idea of human cloning is indispensable to the efforts of those who wish to advance the science of human cloning.
A growing controversy in the world today is cloning. One stance is that cloning and cloning research should be banned altogether. Another position is in support of no restrictions of cloning and that scientists should be able to test on animals if they deem it necessary. Many other views are squeezed into different gray areas on the topic. It would be beneficial to explore the methods, benefits, moral and ethical conflicts involved with human cloning to fully understand the pros of cloning. The methods of human cloning and the research that accompanies them can provide a great deal of benefits. The benefits of human cloning include important medical breakthroughs, reproduction, and morality issues.
People often question whether or not cloning is morally acceptable in our society, and also if it is worth all the money that we spend on research for cloning. It is hard to believe that not to long ago many people believed that joining a sperm and an egg in a test tube was considered to be morally wrong. It is now used by millions of doctors around the world. Cloning is at the beginning stages of being considered morally unacceptable and will soon move to be just like in-vitro fertilization. Soon everyone will understand the benefits of cloning in agriculture, medicine, and social parenthood. It is quite obvious that cloning has many social, agricultural, and medical benefits which outweigh its social and ethnic disadvantages.
When people think of the word cloning they think of evil scientist in a dark laboratory’s full of dangerous and scary instruments of science for conducting experiments, when actually the word clone means, “a cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived (Dictionary.com).” In the past 50 years the science community has made many discoveries such as the cures for different life threatening diseases, different techniques of approaching different types of cancer, and different uses for the practice of cloning. Different people have many opinions about cloning. Some people in the medical field support the practice of cloning, because they believe it can help cure certain diseases by watching how they develop during the cloning process. But some people in the medical field do not support the practice of cloning, because they feel as if it is just a waste of time, and waste of money. Other people do not support the practice of cloning for religious reasons; because they feel as if things are suppose to live once and if a once living organism is artificially reproduced then it is defying the divine grace of God.
Cloning is defined as the different processes for duplicating biological materials such as tissues and new life forms (“Cloning Fact Sheet” 2009). The cloning of human tissue should be allowed because the fields of medicine benefit from it; however, the full cloning of humans is a mockery of life because it creates a population of people who will not evolve or adapt to changes in the environment. Therefore, the government should financially support the research of therapeutic cloning while condemning the act of reproductive human cloning.
Therapeutic cloning refers to the removal of a nucleus and its transfer by injection into an unfertilized egg from which the nucleus has been removed. Therapeutic cloning can help execute vital organs; this will be helpful for people suffering from kidney and other disorders who are forced to wait years for a replacement organ (“Pros of Therapeutic Cloning”). The therapeutic also uses the Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, but instead of copying a specific human being, no sperm fertilization is involved. “A person could use Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer to clone themselves in order to produce cells that are biologically compatible with their body, and so will not be rejected by their immune system” (“A Brief History of Cloning”).Therapeutic cloning does result in the destruction of an embryo after stem cells are extracted. Many see therapeutic cloning as unnatural or even cruel that some countries don’t allow it. Still hopeful, rejection in organ transplants is reduced because cloned organs would come from individual’s own
...se scientists have developed and have planned to insert (transplant) animal organs into people with health deficiencies or other medical problems. From an ethical and moral standpoint, we must consider the risks involved for human cloning17.
"Therapeutic Cloning Can Save Lives." The Ethics of Human Cloning, edited by John Woodward, Greenhaven Press, 2005. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints In Context, http://link.galegroup.com.catalog.stisd.net:2048/apps/doc/EJ3010028219/OVIC?u=j031916004&sid=OVIC&xid=79594319. Accessed 11 May 2018.
Imagine a world in which a clone is created only for its organs to be transplanted into a sick person’s body. Human cloning has many possible benefits, but it comes with concerns. Over the past few decades, researchers have made several significant discoveries involving the cloning of human cells (ProQuest Staff). These discoveries have led to beneficial medical technologies to help treat disease (Aldridge). The idea of cloning an entire human body could possibly revolutionize the medical world (Aldridge). However, many people are concerned that these advancements would degrade self-worth and dignity (Hyde and Setaro 89). Even though human cloning brings about questions of bioethics, it has the potential to save and recreate the lives of humans and to cure various diseases without the use of medication (Aldridge, Hyde and Setaro).