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Economic Effects of the pandemic plague
impacts of pandemic
research paper on impact of influenza on society
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The purpose of a plan in general is to reduce incidence of adverse effects.
An initial public health plan addresses multi-level and multi-dimensional concerns. A public health plan to reduce epidemic incidence of influenza is aimed to reduce morbidity and mortality, provide continuity of operations and position the state for recovery if attacked by a novel influenza virus that causes large numbers of illnesses and deaths throughout New Jersey (NJ) (NJDHSS, 2008). In consideration such a plan necessitates establishing a target population and develop an appropriate protocol. Immunocompetent and immune-compromised individuals are significantly at risk along with infants, children, and geriatric population, all requiring specific attention. Translocation and globalization has significantly changed the propensity to expose the population to a mired of infectious diseases. The World Health Organization has identified an increase rise in global influenza pandemic with ability to reduce the health, safety, and welfare of the essential services workforce; immobilize core infrastructure; and induce fiscal instability (NJDHSS, 2008). As these effects can have an immediate and long-term consequence there is need of consideration.
New Jersey as many of the states have considered a well prepared plan to ensure a reduce risk of multi-level impact of influenza epidemic. As the effect of influenza pandemic on the private sector, which provides the majority of critical infrastructure, is potentially significant (NJDHSS, 2008). A potential collapse of state and global collapse can have a far reaching effect with long lasting effects. With this thought in mind it is essential to consider legal authorities’ position as it relates to its respo...
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...ior Services . http://nj.gov/health/flu/plan.shtml
Novick, L. M. (2008). Public Health Administration; Principles for Populatin-Based Management. Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett.
Reference
Harper, S. B. (2009). Seasonal Influenza in Adults and Children Diagnosis, Treatment, Chemoprophylaxis, and Institutional Outbreak Management: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America . Clinical Infectious Disease, Oxford Journal , 1003-1032. http://cid.oxford journals.org/content/48/8/1003.1.full?sid=e2f308db-741c-46de-be4f-19385d3baef5
NJDHSS. (2008). New Jersey's Pandemic Influenza Plan. Trenton: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services . http://nj.gov/health/flu/plan.shtml
Novick, L. M. (2008). Public Health Administration; Principles for Populatin-Based Management. Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett.
...influenza pandemic in one way or another; the use of quarantines were extremely prevalent among them. Also, the pandemic is directly responsible for the creation of many health organizations across the globe. The organizations help track and research illnesses across the globe. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for example, strive to prevent epidemics and pandemics. They also provide a governing body with directives to follow in case an outbreak does occur, and if one shall occur the efforts of organizations across the globe will be crucial for its containment. It is amazing that with modern medicine and proper organization that influenza still manages to make its appearance across the globe annually.
Use: This is a long article detailing the ways or plans that the city of Philadelphia might use fight the influenza.
CDC (2007, 02) Community strategy for pandemic influenza mitigation in the United States Retrieved from http://www.flu.gov/planning-preparedness/community/community_mitigation.pdf
“The Site of Origin of The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Public Health Implications.” Barry, John. US national Library of Health Medicine, January 20, 2004. Retrieved from:
During the frigid winter months, the flu takes ahold of the entire country, constraining it in a cough-ridden, congested grasp until taking its leave in the warm months of spring. Several strains of the influenza virus compose collectively of the flu, and these strains mutate — or alter their genetic composition — as the virus creeps into and out of the people and animals it infects. Throughout the year, researchers and doctors scramble to find the most effective prevention for the evasive flu so that one may not feel its wrath. Their main weapon, the vaccination, comes with an apprehensiveness that extends beyond a dread of needles. For the vaccine’s dependence on a prediction, many blast the injection as ineffective and temporary: the flu virus’ mutations necessitate the development of a new shot every year. (Key Facts About Seasonal Flu Vaccine, CDC.gov) Others contend that the shot can harm as much as the virus itself, pointing to the potential for allergic reactions and sometimes severe side effects as evidence. With the risk of side effects and unclear effectiveness in mind, many will elect to either not vaccinate or seek treatment after the flu hits; a common treatment for the flu, the antiviral, disintegrates the virus after it strikes, yet its effectiveness has increasingly declined. While the flu vaccination does not provide comprehensive protection against the influenza virus, the vaccine, in conjunction with other precautionary — not reactionary — measures, provides the needed defense against contraction. Additionally, while a potential recipient should weigh the risk of side-effects and allergic reactions, a doctor can predict allergic reactions by the patient’s medical history and by running tests; other side-effect...
The influenza pandemic of 1918 had not only altered the lives of thousands, but the habitual lives of family and work as well. The Spanish Influenza collected more lives than all of the casualties of war in the twentieth century combined. After the disease had swept through the nation, towns that once began their days in lazy, comfortable manners had begun to struggle to get through a single day. What started as a mild neglect of a typical fever or case of chills had escalated and grown at an alarmingly rapid rate to be fearsome and tragic.
Influenza, an innocent little virus that annually comes and goes, has always been a part of people’s lives. Knowing this, one would not believe that it has caused not one, not two, but three pandemics and is on its way to causing a fourth! The Spanish flu of 1918, the Asian flu of 1957, and the Hong Kong flu of 1968 each killed millions of people worldwide, causing mass terror. People were mad with fear, and for good reason, as friends, family, neighbors dropped dead like flies. And yet, as soon as the deaths ceased, the forgetfulness set in… until very few know about these pandemics. These pieces of history may have faded from memory, but with the upcoming threat of an avian flu which can jump from human to human, people must learn from the past to combat the future.
Influenza is a major public health problem which outbreaks all over the world. Resulting in considerable sickness and death rates. Furthermore, it is a highly infectious airborne disease and is caused by the influenza virus. Influenza is transmitted easily from one person to another person which has a great impact on society. When a member of society becomes sick, it is more prone to spread to other people. In the United States, every year between 5 to 20 percent of the population is affected by influenza. As a result of this, between 3,000 and 49,000 deaths have occurred per year (Biggerstaff et al., 2014). Therefore, the influenza vaccine is the most effective strategy to prevent influenza. This essay will examine two significant reasons for influenza vaccination which are the loss of workforce and economic burden as well as one effect regarding herd immunity.
ED: The clinical process care domain was chosen to address influenza vaccination administration. The ED is the hospital’s defense against preventable
Kamradt-Scott, Adam. "The Politics Of Medicine And The Global Governance Of Pandemic Influenza." International Journal Of Health Services: Planning, Administration, Evaluation 43.1 (2013): 105-121. MEDLINE with Full Text. Web. 15 Nov. 2013.
Influenza is defined as an acute, commonly epidemic disease, occurring in several forms, caused by numerous rapidly mutating viral strains and characterized by respiratory symptoms and general prostration. Spanish flu was more than just a normal epidemic, it was a pandemic. Epidemics affect many people at the same time in areas where the disease doesn’t normally occur. A pandemic is an epidemic on a national, international, or global scale. The Spanish flu was different from the seasonal flu in one especially frightening way, there was an unusually high death rate among healthy adults aged 15 to 34 and lowered the life expectancy by more than ten years. Such a high death rate has not occurred in this age group in and epidemic prior to or since the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. (Tumpey, 2005)
“Seasonal Influenza-Associated Hospitalization in the United States.” USA.gov, 24 June 2011. Web. 31 Jan. 2012
The National Response Framework is a guide designed to assist local, State, and Federal governments in developing functional capabilities and identifying resources based on hazard identification and risk assessment. It outlines the operating structure and identifies key roles and responsibilities. It established a framework to identify capabilities based on resources and the current situation no matter the size or scale. It integrates organizational structures and standardizes how the Nation at all levels plans to react to incidents. The suspected terrorist attack will have health, economic, social, environment and political long-term effects for my community. This is why it is essential that local government’s response is coordinate with all responders. Response doctrine is comprised of five key principles: (1) engaged partnership, (2) tiered response, (3) scalable, flexible, and adaptable operational capabilities, (4) unity of effort through unified command, and (5) readiness to act. An introductory word about each follows. (Homeland Security, 2008)
(39) World Bank. Projects - Haiti: AVIAN INFLUENZA CONTROL AND HUMAN INFLUENZA EMERGENCY PREPARDNESS AND CONTROL. 2010; Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/external/projects/main?pagePK=64283627&piPK=73230&theSitePK=40941&menuPK=228424&Projectid=P111667. Accessed 6/27/2010, 2010.
Dr. Fauci, a respected immunologist and director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, appeared on multiple news outlets to voice his concerns about the mandatory Ebola quarantine. Dr. Fauci said that he was “concerned of the disincentive for the health care workers”. He warned that caution should be made when implementing policies, so as not to have unintended consequences and not group everyone in the same category—in this case, labeling all returning health care workers as a threat to the community. Dr. Fauci agues that this “blanket quarantine” applied to all health care workers is consequential, and that there are better ways of monitoring them that are more dignified, such as passive or active monitoring depending on the viral load that is present in the bodily fluids of the individual. In his conclusion, Dr. Fauci stresses the importance of educating the American people about the Ebola virus disease. While an epidemic of Ebola is waging in Africa, an epidemic of fear is emerging in the United States, and it is this fear that underlines many of the policy decisions regarding processing of those coming from Ebola-stricken