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Case study on environmental solid waste management in philippines
Waste management in the Philippines brief intro
Review on municipal solid waste management
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Raddy defined Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) as any garbage or refuse or other discarded material arising from every day items produced by domestic, community, industrial, commercial, agricultural or any type of human operations (2). In 2013, it is estimated that Indonesian population reached 250 million people and it continues to increase at the rate of 1.5 per-cent every year (“The World Factbook”; Munawar and Feliner). Every Indonesian produces approximately 0.76 kilograms per day of MSW. Total MSW produced in 2010 was approximately 65.9 million tonnes. The rate doubles in major cities in Indonesia (Munawar and Feliner). Due to several health and environmental problems, Indonesia needs to urgently implement new Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management system and policy. This essay will begin with a brief explanation of the current waste management system in Indonesia and its problems, followed with several possible solutions that include creating and implementing more laws and policies that is more specific, revitalising landfills, establishing waste separation at household level, waste-to-energy approach and finally, zero-waste-approach.
Until government decentralisation in 1998, waste management in Indonesia was managed by central government and funded by several financial bodies (Meidiana 202). However, after the decentralisation, waste management is now under local government’s authority and is regulated by Waste Management Law no.18/2008 (202). According to Meidiana, since waste management is entrusted to local government, funding allocation also varies depending on local policies (206). On average, local governments spend about one per-cent of funding allocation on waste management (206).
While the law is aimed to encourage...
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...27 Jan. 2014.
Suharjo. “Kondisi Pengelolaan Sampah dan Pengaruh Terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat di DKI Jakarta (Waste Management’s Conditions and Its Influences Against Public Health in DKI Jakarta). Media Litbang XII. 4 (2002): 37-42. Web. 30 Jan. 2014.
Reddy, P. Jayarama. Municipal Solid Waste Management. Hyderabad: BS Publications, 2011. Print.
United Nation for Environmental Program (UNEP). ”State of Waste Management in South East Asia”. UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics – International Environmental Technology Centre. n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
“The World Factbook.” Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2014.
Wibowo, Arianto and Darwin T Djajawinata. “Penanganan Sampah Perkotaan Terpadu (Integrated Urban Waste Management).” Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Nasional (Ministry of National Development Planning). n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2014.
Since the industrial revolution the United States has experienced tremendous change. This change has created a consumer culture that has resulted in the creation of mass amounts of waste. According to reports, in the year 2003 Americans produced almost 500 million pounds waste. Alone the U.S consumes 30% of the world’s resources and produces 30% of all waste (Conquest, 2). These numbers attest to a consumer culture that has created an undesirable waste problem that is yet to be resolved. However, not everyone is affected proportionately by waste, as predominantly low-income communities live in close proximity to waste related sites. In this paper I will discuss how low-income communities are disproportionately subjected to the detrimental health effects caused by waste, and I will argue that low-income communities have historically and are currently responding to counter the effects of waste to protect their communities.
The passage written by Bill McKibben, entitled “Waste Not, Want Not” was written to bring to the forefront the huge amount of waste that a small community of only 500 people accumulate in a small amount of time. He educated the reader by showing in detail the amounts of waste that is created on a daily basis. The wasteful effects on the environment are then discussed in greater detail, that many people do not stop to think about. Last, the focus on how waste affects the economy and the personal time that is lost because of the massive amount of waste that we accept in our daily lives.
Waste management is the operation of how waste materials are handled. The affair of waste management is relevant to everyone world-wide. Wastes are materials that have no further economic use, and when disposed of, are hazardous to humans and the environment. Wastes include solid waste, liquid wastes, and air pollutants created by humans and cannot be naturally recycled. Current waste management techniques need to be completely overhauled because funding in government budget is not enough to meet standards, landfills are reaching their maximum capacity worldwide, and nuclear waste storage must be handled correctly. Waste management has been a highly thought about complication for global authorities. Due to
Outer islands have dumpsters that are used for trash generated by workers. Most outer island work is occasional and involves few individuals; therefore waste generation is minimal. Dumpsters from Illeginni, Legan and Carlos are replaced at least quarterly, and more frequently if barge transportation is available. Wastes are shipped to the Kwajalein Solid Waste Management Yard for segregation, incineration, and/or landfilling as needed. Dumpsters from Gagan are transported to Roi-Namur for disposal. When special projects take place on these or other outer islands, additional dumpsters and waste receptacles are delivered and used as needed. Wastes from construction projects are removed from the islands at the conclusion of the projects or during the project as needed. No wastes are disposed on these islands with the exception of green wastes which are left to decompose naturally.
“Waste Management Overview.” World Nuclear Association. World Nuclear Association. Nov. 2013. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. >.
Stan 's plan to operate a toxic waste disposal business as a sole proprietorship raises two significant concerns. As a sole proprietor, Stan will assume unlimited personal liability for all business obligations as there is no legal or practical separation between the business and the owner. Any financial obligations or legal torts would apply to the business, and also, his personal assets. Secondly, Stan, as sole proprietor, can only borrow money directly, limiting growth, and could be considered a risky investment for lenders when they assess his ability to repay the debt, and the nature of the business.
Solid waste management, the compilation, managing, and disposing of solid items that are neglected because they have failed to function or are no longer effective. Incorrect removal of municipal solid waste can create contaminated conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to corruption of the surroundings and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases caused by animals and insects. The tasks of solid waste management present complicated technical obstacles. The local government is responsible for collecting reusable, recyclable and non-biodegradable waste materials from the material recovery facilities and transporting them to the recycling centers and or to the municipal material recovery facility.
In 2011, the Environmental Protection Agency estimated that Americans generated 250 million tons of municipal solid waste, MSW1, of which only 87 million tons were recycled or composted (“Municipal Solid Waste”, 1). This value, however, does not represent the total amount waste generated by the United States since MSW only accounts for 2 percent of total waste generated. As more trash is generated, space to construct more landfills becomes an issue. In order to reduce the amount of solid waste produced, the federal government must implement and enforce a new waste disposal method that emphasizes composting food waste.
Trash burning plants and landfills contribute to pollution. By focusing on recycling, reusing and composting, the need for trash burning plants and landfills will be eliminated and therefore the level of pollution will be reduced. Public health also can be improved, by eliminating trash burning sites and landfills and reducing the potential spread of disease. Landfills are not safe locations, so the general safety of the population also should be improved. By eliminating the need for landfills, more land will be available for positive use. Recycling plants will be needed as well as locations to share no longer wanted items to be reused by others. Composting can be done on a local level and even completed on one’s property if room exists. The proposed waste solution will have a positive impact on our city and the benefits far outweigh the
In conclusion, the material in Garbage Land connects to my research problem in that, it explains how the garbage collected from households is handled. Even though there are no aseptic techniques involved by the people handling this trash, it is clear that most of the waste obtained is recycled for re-use. Accordissng to Royte, 28% of the remainder is buried, 17% incinerated, and 1% is “surface disposed” without processing (Royte,
Disposal of residual waste is one of the greatest challenges faced by the manufacturing industries in India.The waste products which are produced from these industries are generally toxic in nature, are easily ignitable and corrosive orare reactive easily and thereforecause detrimental effects on the environment. Thus disposal of these wastes properly is one of the major concernsto be dealt with in the present generation. An innovative solution which would be effective, efficient and environmentally approved is required to overcome this problem of disposal. One of the solutions which are applicable is utilization of waste products from one industry as raw materials of some other industries, and hence reducing the burden on the environment. Many industrial wastes are utilized in construction industries. If this supply chain is maintained properly then it would enable the organizations to reduce the disposal problems to a great extent. The wastes can be used in construction of highways, embankments etc.Another problem that exists is that there no sufficient amount of soil of desired quality which is required for the construction purposes. The search for desired quality of soil again leads to deforestation and hence affecting soil erosion and agriculture productivity. Cost of increase in good quality raw materials is also increasing to a high level. So efficient and effective utilization of the waste materials that is used as a substitute for the natural ...
Forty percent is a significant value. It represents four out of ten people, items, or ideas. Sometimes it indicates progress, sometimes it indicates regression. However, there is a specific forty percent that accounts for a big problem that involves all the people on this world. This percentage causes hunger, suffering and death. According to the NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council), of the total food that is produced in the United States, forty percent is thrown away each year. Food is not being properly distributed nor consumed, and the least lucky are paying for it with their lives. There are many fields and areas involved in food production and responsible for big amounts of food waste, but a big part of this problem occurs at our houses while we live our daily life. There are three major reasons why people throw food away; they do not like it, they have had enough, and/or they think the food expired because a label tells them so.
Solid waste can be classified in different types, depending on their source, household waste is generally classified as municipal waste; industrial waste as hazardous waste or hospital waste as infections waste. It quite obvious that South Africa environment is deteriorated by the illegal dumping area that around here. Solid waste is a major problem this country is facing at the moment. The province that is experience this major problem is Gauteng province, this an urban area am taking about, and since it’s clear that over population is the cause of the problem. Gauteng province is an over populated than rural area .solid waste pollution is refuse or garbage that people use in their everyday life in their house, such as plastic
Policy is needed to regulate which course of action should be taken and how it should be implemented. Because of this, many plans and policies revolving around the management of solid waste have been put in place. Sometimes however, a particular policy can have its shortfalls, potentially resulting in its negative aspects outweighing the positive ones. According to the Conference Board of Canada Report, “Canadians dispose of more municipal solid waste per capita than any other country” (2013). Solid waste management in particular, involves many aspects, ranging from packaging waste, food waste, etc. (White & Franke 1999), hence, the following analysis revolves around household and commercial waste – referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (White & Franke. 1999) – in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Municipal waste is a major health and environmental concern as it contributes to numerous problems like habitat destruction, surface groundwater pollution, and other forms of air, soil, and water contamination. Waste disposal methods like incineration create toxic substances, and landfills emit methane, which contributes to global warming. According to the Zero Waste Objective Report, “The impact of climate change and the increasing awareness of the role of “waste” and “wasting” in the production of greenhouse gas emissions is a constant environmental pressure… (2009). This leads to an increasing limitation of government to prevent and control the volume and toxicity of products in the waste stream and a growing need to shift responsibility to the product manufacturer.
Due to the fact that there is a huge problem with garbage disposal, government representatives must contribute to resolving this issue. Efficient waste management approaches help with reducing and avoiding unpleasant impacts on the environment and human health, while allowing for financial development and progress in the quality of people’s lives. People do not even imagine the size and capacity of their activities and the impact they produce on the environment. Garbage is an important ecological problem. It seems amazing that approximately all of the citizens of the world identify rubbish as a major environmental problem and yet these people still litter.