The Internet is made up of networks belonging to users from commercial, educational, personal, government, and nonprofit organizations, and it is what they do with these interconnected networks, that is truly remarkable. Users connect to the Internet via Internet service providers which allows them to access the Internet from virtually anywhere around the world. In its early days the Internet was nothing more than a research project by the US Department of Defense, which was started in the 1960s and early 1970s. Then in 1982, one of the most fundamental aspects of the Internet was created with TCP/IP which made a communication protocol standard which is still in use today. At times TCP/IP is referred to as the entire Internet suite of protocols, which includes FTP (file transfer protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), Telnet (telecommunication network), DNS (domain name service), etc.
Without utilizing the Internet suite of protocols the Internet itself would not be able to function. The use of FTP allows for the transfer of files from one host of a network to another over a TCP-based network. The security used for authentication FTP utilizes a username and password scheme to allow users access. SMTP is an Internet-based standard for email to be transmitted across Internet connected networks. While SMTP is responsible for sending and receiving messages it is usually used in conjunction with POP or IMAP which allows access to users mail on the appropriate storage server (Gmail, Yahoo, etc).
Most of the Internet uses HTML programming language for Internet-based applications. The use of Adobe flash allows for the integration of multimedia aspects to be added such as graphics animation and/or games. One of the great c...
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...problem for ODBC is the growing popularity of thin clients which use HTML which detracts from the value of using ODBC. The sad fact is that ODBC is becoming less important every day.
On February 19, 1997, Sun Microsystems released JDBC. The JDBC is an application programming language used for the Java programming language which allows for clear defining of how clients can access databases. There is a JDBC-to-ODBC bridge which allows for the connection to any type of ODBC data source which utilizes Java virtual environment. Unlike the way ODBC uses drivers, JDBC uses a connection pool rather than direct connection to drivers.
Web Technologies and Databases are still in there in infancy and I believe in the years to come the world of these technologies will make great strides of improvement and I want to be a significant participant in these advances.
Technologies advance so quickly that it seems no sooner has one technology become widely accepted than it is replaced by something newer and superior. Technologies in the field of web design are no exception. As web-related hardware and software components became faster, more reliable, and easier to use, the web exploded with new websites which led to a dramatic increase in web usage around the world.
In the networking of computers and devices, the Internet Protocol (IP) plays a very important role. The IP, found at the internet layer of the Department of Defence (DoD) model provides the means for the devices to communicate using logical addresses called IP addresses. The importance of an IP address to communication will be felt in the analogy of a surface mail. How possible would it be to send a letter to someone whose address we do not know? The IP address enables us to know the source of a packet and the destination for proper delivery by the IP protocol.
Microsoft Access is a database engine and development environment in one package. It is typically workstation-based, and designed to be easy to use, even for users with no experience. However, it also provides advanced functionality for experienced users. MySQL is the largest open-source RDMBS, and it is server-based, as well as the rest of the DBMS that will be discussed. According to the mysql.com website, it offers high reliability and performance, easy use and deployment, freedom from platform lock-in by providing ready access to source code, and cross-platform support. SQL Server is an enterprise class RDBMS from Microsoft. It is part of the Back Office Suite of products. Although it is always server-based in production, it can be client-based in development. DB2 is also an enterprise-class DBMS, produced by IBM. It offers some object-oriented functionality, as well as cross-platform compatibility, and is server-based. Finally, Oracle offers much of the same functionality as DB2, with cross-platform capability, and some object-oriented features. It, as well, is server-based.
The OODBMS is the product of merging object oriented programming ethics with database management ethics. Object oriented programming concepts such as encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance are imposed as well as database management concepts such as the ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability) which show the way for system reliability, it also supports an ad hoc query language and secondary storage management systems, which is allocated for managing very large amounts of data. The Object Oriented Database program specially lists the following features as compulsory for a system to support before it can be called an OODBMS; Composite objects, Object uniqueness, Encapsulation, Types and Classes, Class or Type Hierarchies, Overriding, overloading and late binding, Computational fullness, Extensibility, Perseverance, Secondary storage management, Concurrency, Recuperation and an Ad Hoc Query capacity.
The area of the OODBMSs is characterized by three things. First, it lacks a common data model. There is no common data model although many proposals can be found in the literature. This is a more general problem of all the object-oriented systems not only the database management systems. Since the data model determines the database language of the system, which in turn determines the implementation of the system, we can understand that the differences between the various systems with different data models can be big and substantial. Second is the common theoretical framework. Although there is no standard object-oriented model, most object-oriented database systems that are operational or under development today share a set of fundamental object-oriented concepts. Therefore the implementation issues in OODBMSs that arise due to these concepts are universal. The third characteristic is that of experimental activity.
Circumventing the Need for a Query Language: A query language is not necessary for accessing data from an OODBMS unlike an RDBMS since interaction with the database is done by transparently accessing objects.
The Revolution in Database Architecture, by Jim Gray, describes the path that Gray thought that the evolution of the Database Architecture would take after 2004. He considers that databases had been stagnated for several years and that, beginning in 2004, the development of several technologies would pave the way into a revolution in the database world.
Nowadays most of the applications connected to a database use the relational standard but recently the Object Oriented Database Management System becomes more important and it is expected that many companies like DreamHome research the advantages of OODBMS and implement this solution.
Internet Protocol version 4 is the current standard “IP” protocol used with Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which is the protocol for Internet addressing. Like the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, TCP/IP has its own model. The TCP/IP network model represents reality in the world, whereas the OSI model represents an ideal. The TCP/IP network model has four basic layers. The first layer, Network interface layer, deals with all physical components of network connectivity between the network and the IP protocol. Next the Internet layer contains all functionality that manages the movement of data between two network devices over a routed network. Then the Transport layer manages the flow of traffic between two hosts or devices, ensuring that data arrives at the application on the host for which it is targeted. And last, the Application layer acts as final endpoints at either end of a communication session between two network hosts (Tetz).
TCP/IP is a network model which enables the communication across the Internet. The most fundamental protocol on which the Internet is built. This is made up of the 2 common networking protocols, TCP, for Transmission Control Protocol, and IP, for Internet Protocol. TCP maintains and handles packet flow linking the systems and IP protocol has the ability to handle the routing of packets. However The TCP/IP stack consists of 5 layers first being application layer, the transport layer, then the network layer, the link layer and finally the physical layer. The assignment focuses on the three middle layers and is divided into five parts. Firstly explaining how the TCP and UDP the most vital protocols needed to deliver and communicate.
Databases have been in use since the earliest days of electronic computing, but the vast majority of these were custom programs written to access custom databases. Unlike modern systems which can be applied to widely different databases and needs, these systems were tightly linked to the database in order to gain speed at the price of flexibility.
Satzinger, Jackson & Burd (2010, pp. 488) further states that DBMS “provide designers, programmers and end users with sophisticated capabilities to store, retrieve and manage data”. Sharing and managing the vast amount of data needed by a modern organisation simply would not be possible without a database management system.
There are three types of Database Management System which are the relational Database Management System, the non-relational Database Management System and Object Oriented Database Management System. The relational DBMS is the most widely accepted Database Management System nowadays. The non-relational DBMS that are in large scale are still in use while the Object Oriented DBMSs are in development. Besides, more and more DBMSs are supporting basic multimedia storage and retrieval facilities.
Java language is currently one of the most popular programming languages being used. Java language is an object-oriented programming language was developed by James Gosling in 1995 at Sun Microsystems that can be run on many different operating systems (Wikipedia, 2015). It is also known as high-level language because it is easier for humans to read and write the command structures. It also helps programmers to write the computer instruction using English commands, rather than write in numeric code. There are a lot of applications and websites that working on Java application, such as to connect a laptop or desktop to data center and from mobile phone to the internet and so on. These applications are called applets. The applets can runs in websites (Arnold, 2005). Java programming is designed to create the functions as C++ programming language but with much simpler understanding and easy to learn and use. There are few things needed to codes Java programming. The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is the package that consists of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java platform core classes, and supporting Java platform libraries. To run Java in the web browser, the JRE will be needed. Java Virtual Machine or JVM helps Java applications to run by compiling the “bytecodes” into a workable codes as an another option to understand one instruction at a time; However, to run Java applets in browser, the JRE
Database Management Systems (DBMSs): Database management systems (DBMSs) are user made softwares that interacts with the user and the database itself to capture and analyze all the data. Normally DBMS is a software system that is designed for creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. Some well known databases are MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, FoxPro, FileMaker Pro. Database generally can’t interact with different datbase management systems but different database management systems like SQL and ODBC or JDBC can allow single database to interact with multiple database management systems. Databases are made to operate all type of informations by storing, retrieving and managing that informations. Databases are made so that user can interact with databases itself. DBMS is usually responsible for mainting all the data in a system and if that data lost then DBMS will restore the data itself. Databases are used for business operations but increasing number of database systems are usually made for more stable interaction with the users. Some users of database applications are end users means they don’t know about any of its in processing applications they ...