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hydrogen assignment essay
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Elements are the basic building blocks of matter due to the fact that they are chemically the simplest substances. Whether we can find them in the air or in our gold/silver necklaces, elements are everywhere! One essential element is hydrogen, the first element on the period table (located under Group 1 as an alkaline metal) is composed of a single proton and electron; therefore having an atomic number and atomic mass of 1 and electron configuration of 1s1. In fact, hydrogen is the lightest, simplest and most commonly found chemical element in the universe (it makes up about 90% of the universe by weight). Interestingly enough, the heavier elements on the periodic table were either made from hydrogen or other elements that were made from hydrogen. The most common isotope formed of hydrogen is protium, with 1 proton and no neutrons. Hydrogen can also exist as both positively or negatively charged. The physical form of hydrogen at room temperature is a colorless and odorless gas. Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable and because of this chemical property, it is used as fuel for the main engine of space shuttles. Hydrogen is an important element and has received a lot of recognition throughout history for its usefulness. Hydrogen was first recognized in 1766 by an English chemist ad physicist named Henry Cavendish (who also discovered nitrogen) in London, England. Written records state that Robert Boyle produced hydrogen gas when experimenting with irons and acids in 1671, however, Henry Cavendish is known for first recognizing hydrogen as a distinct element. In 1766, Cavendish collected it over mercury; he described it as "inflammable air from metals." Cavendish evolved hydrogen gas by reacting zinc metal with hydr... ... middle of paper ... ...ecules in water using electricity and can be captured when it is being leaked by swampy areas. As you can see, hydrogen has many significant uses. In conclusion, hydrogen is one of the many important elements on the periodic table. Hydrogen makes up 2/3 of water, 1/4 of the air, 0.15% of the earth's crust, metal hydrides found in some batteries, and in many carbohydrates we eat. Hydrogen serves as many sources of fuel, such as fuel for most starts to produce energy or for rockets. Due to how useful this element is, hydrogen has received a lot of acknowledgement throughout history. Works Cited http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/h.htm http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele001.html http://www.webelements.com/hydrogen/ http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/chemistry/hydrogen.html http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/1/hydrogen
Just like many other scientific discoveries, the discovery and isolation of lithium was a group effort. In 1817, a Swedish scientist by the name of Johan Arfwedson was the first person to discover Lithium. While doing an analysis on the mineral petalite in 1817, Arfwedson found this soft, silver-white element. Jons Jakob Berzelius, another Swedish chemist, named the element the Greek name “lithos.” Later on, the element’s name was then changed to lithium. Although lithium had finally been discovered, none of the aforementioned scientists were able to isolate pure lithium without it being attached to its salts. It was not until 1821 when two English chemists by the names of Sir Humphrey Davy and William Thomas Brande isolated lithium by electrolyzing lithium oxide (LiO2).
Hydrogen lies in one of the copious replacements for gasoline. It is not an energy source such as oil, but an energy carrier that is produced instead of digging and finding it underground. Though replacing fossil fuels by hydrogen fuel cell is very hard and costs a great deal, for the most part, hydrogen fuel cell is a zero carbon emission fuel which highly reduces the carbon emissions that causes pandemic global warming. Hydrogen is very helpful for nature by cause of replacing fossil fuels with hydrogen fuel cells might end global warming once and for all.
Hydrogen forms lots of important bonds, primarily with the elements fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. A hydrogen acceptor is an element that accepts hydrogen atoms and is attracted to them. The most common compounds formed by hydrogen are hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and water. Hydrogen bonds are also significant in the construction of synthetic materials, such as nylon, and organic materials like wood and cotton. Hydrogen also bonds with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is a very common household oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is used to give white laundry a bleach-free bleaching. Mix it with backing soda for a painful toothpaste substitute. Remove wine, blood, tea, and coffee stains from most fabrics. Make a solution with water and scrub your sink! Water your plants with a peroxide solution to make them perky!
An element in chemistry is more than just an element; at least Chlorine is more than just an element. It is very useful in many ways that help people today. Chlorine is a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; it is a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; it is used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt. People should know more about the uses of chlorine and why chlorine is used in many processes, for example; bleaching, and why we use it today. Everything has to start somewhere, and chlorine was produced many years ago.
Free hydrogen is found only in very small traces in the atmosphere, but solar and stellar spectra show that it is abundant in the sun and other stars, and is, in fact, the most common element in the universe. In combination with other elements it is widely distributed on the earth, where the most important and abundant compound of hydrogen is water, H2O.
Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas. Hydrogen is found in group 1 and period 1 on the periodic table. Hydrogen is classified as a nonmetal on the periodic table. The symbol for hydrogen is represented by an H, its atomic number is 1, and its atomic weight is 1.0079. The hydrogen atom consists of one proton, which has a positive charge, and one electron, which has a negative charge. The term hydrogen comes from two Greek words meaning water-former. Henry Cavendish, an English scientist, discovered it in 1766. Named by Lavoisier, hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe. The sun and many other stars consist of mostly hydrogen. It is the third most abundant element on earth. It is estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen plays an important part in powering the universe though both the proton-proton reaction and carbon-nitrogen cycle. Hydrogen occurs in almost all organic compounds. Many of the compounds found in plant and animal tissues are organic. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. Some of the methods that hydrogen is prepared by are steam on heated carbon, decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum, or displacement from acids by certain metals. Hydrogen may be condensed to a liquid that boils at -257.87°C and freezes at -259.14°C. Hydrogen ...
Henry Cavendish was born October 10, 1731 in Nice, France. His mother, Lady Anne Grey was the daughter of the first Duke of Kent while his father Lord Charles Cavendish, was second Duke of Devonshire. His ancestry links back to many of the aristocratic families in Great Britain. The chemist/physicist is most accredited for the discovery of hydrogen, the “inflammable air” and measuring the Earth’s density, but he also researched and discovered many other important scientific revolutions.
Sodium was founded in 1807 by an English Chemist named Sir Humphrey Davy (Bentor). It was found through the electrolysis of caustic soda (The Element). This means that he found a way to extract sodium from compounds (Newton). First Sir Humphrey Davy would extract a number of active elements and then pa...
Hydrogen gas was first identified as an element in 1766, by British scientist Henry Cavendish, in an experiment wherein he separated hydrogen gas by reacting zinc metal plates with hydrochloric acid. Cavendish found that when he applied a spark to the resulting hydrogen gas, it yielded water. It wasn’t until some years later that French chemist Antoine Lavoisier gave hydrogen its modern name. The word hydrogen is derived from the Greek words ‘hydro’ and ‘genes’, which translate as ‘born of water.’ In 1800, two English scientists, William Nicholson and Sir Anthony Carlisle, discovered electrolysis. They found that by applying an electric current to water, the resulting reaction produced both oxygen and hydrogen gases. This discovery eventually gave birth to the concept of the fuel cell. In essence, a fuel cell is no more complex than performing electrolysis in reverse. In 1839, a Swiss chemist, by the name of Christian Schoenbein, performed the first fuel cell experiment wherein he combined oxygen and hydrogen to produce water and a small electric current. Only six short years later, in 1845, Sir William Grove utilized Schoenbein’s discovery to create the very first functioning hydrogen gas battery. It is for this reason that Grove is known as the ‘Father of the Fuel Cell.’ Both a physicist and inventor, Sir William Grove, developed the concept of generating electrical power by means of introducing oxygen and hydrogen in the presence of an electrolyte almost 170 years ago. He conceived the first hydrogen fuel cell in 1839 and developed a working prototype. Although he is credited with this invention, the reality is that his concept and experimentation were far more valuable than the actual cell itself as it was unable to ...
Water is one of the most common substances on the the planet covering over 70% of the Earth 's surface. We ourselves are also made up of mostly water and it 's a trait shared by all other living organisms. It is unusual in that it can exist in 3 different states of matter: solid, liquid and gaseous. At standard ambient temperature and pressure it is a liquid and is almost colourless with little to no smell or taste of it 's own. It has no caloric value nor does it provide any vitamins or minerals. Yet water is an essential nutrient to all organisms. Some have argued that it is the single most important molecule for life on the planet.
Hydrogen is one of the most abundant elements on the earth. It can be found in the oceans as well as the atmosphere. Over the last few years, talk about the future of hydrogen power has grown from a whisper to a roar. The use of hydrogen is not just the burning of the gas, but of its use in a fuel cell. Fuel cells might be the device that causes the extinction of the internal combustion engine. A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from a fuel and an oxidizer, a substance that combines with the fuel. The fuel and oxidizer react chemically at two separate electrodes to produce the direct electric current; These cells use hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen as the oxidizer. Hydrogen power could be the silver bullet to the current and future energy situation.
Hydrogen fuel cells are an alternative source of energy. Unlike fossil fuels, hydrogen fuel cells have no direct negative effects on the environment. A hydrogen fuel cell works by combining hydrogen molecules with oxygen molecules to produce water and energy. A catalyst, like platinum, splits the hydrogen molecules into protons and neutrons to combine with the oxygen. The hydrogen molecules are fed through an anode, while the oxygen molecules are fed through a cathode. The molecules combine in a central chamber to form water. The water is released from the top of the chamber, and the energy is released from the bottom.
Santhanam K.S.V., Miri Massoud J., Bailey Alla V., Takacs Gerald A.: Introduction to Hydrogen Teachnology. Roman J. Press; 2009. 32- 35 p
The elements on the periodic table make up everything in the world. Hydrogen is one of the chemicals that make up the bath bomb. Hydrogen is the building block for all the other elements of the periodic table (Basher, S., Dingle, A., & Green, D., 2015
Coal, oil and natural gas have been at the forefront of powering the world since the industrial revolution. Whether this power is used for new technology, transport links or energy the threat that fossil fuels has on the environment is colossal. Energy availability for the masses is the main dominant challenge in the 21st century and is driven by the world’s forever increasing population and the industrialization of developing countries (Crabtree, Dresselhaus, Buchanan, n.d.). Global supplies of fossil fuels are only available in certain areas of the world and are becoming increasingly difficult to extract. This is where hydrogen comes into the picture and the proposal of a hydrogen economy.