Introduction Face Images convey a significant amount of knowledge including information about identity, emotional state, ethnic origin, gender, age, and head orientation of a person shown in face image. This type of information plays a significant role during face-to-face communication between humans [1]. Above prospects of facial images can be used in emerging branch of Human Computer Interaction (HCI). Human age has following characteristics: Aging is uncontrollable process: Aging cannot be delayed or advanced at will. It is slow and irreversible process. Personal Age Patterns: The aging factor of a person is defined by his genetic structure as well as external factors like health, lifestyle, weather conditions, ethnicity, etc. Aging Pattern is temporal data: Age and face patterns are vary with time. Age pattern at an instance affects all future patterns [2]. Thus, automatic age estimation, being an important technique in real world applications, has become difficult due to these characteristics. Not only these factors but sex of the person also plays a vital role in this process. For this process we need a collection sufficient data of images for training purpose which is partly eased due to public availability of aging database FG-NET which contains the necessary features in co-ordinate form and the age of that individual. The age range covered in this database is 0-69. Fortunately, a “complete” aging face database is unnecessary since human beings also learn to perceive facial ages from incomplete aging patterns [2]. We use multi-layered Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) for classification of the age group of a person. The result is classified into total eight groups of age-ranges. The motivation for our work lies in various... ... middle of paper ... ...res", The 36th Intl. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, (ICASSP 2011), Prague, Czech Republic, May, 2011. [13] Yinyin Liu, Janusz A. Starzyk, Zhen Zhu, “Optimizing Number Of Hidden Neurons in Neural Networks”, http://www.ohio.edu/people/starzykj/network/Research/Papers/Recent%20conferences../Hidden%20Neurons%20AIA2007_549-204.pdf. [14] http://www.webpages.ttu.edu/dleverin/neural_network/neural_networks.html. [15] S. Ziabakhsh, M. Payravi, H. Alavi-Rad and S. Ziabakhsh, "Color Image Compression Using Singular Value Decomposition", Proceedings of the first regional conference on new approaches in computer engineering and information technology, 2011. [16] SaurabhKarsoliya, Approximating Number of Hidden layer neurons in Multiple Hidden Layer BPNN Architecture, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume3 Issue6- 2012, pp. 714-717.
An individual’s personality and character structure portrays a major reflection of how they age. Personality style and character structure both incorporate the conscious and unconscious motivational, cognitive and affective mental states, as well as defense mechanisms (Silver 1992). Biopsychosocial factors-broken down into biological, psychological, and sociocultural-also play a huge role in personality and aging (Notes 10/08). Some examples of biological factors are health, genetics, and physiological function. Thoughts, feelings, and emotions would be considered psychological factors. Sociocultural factors include family, religion and community. Additionally, people endure unique experiences and circumstances throughout their life course,
this age group faces are complex. Nevertheless, despite a negative representation of the elderly in
Wogalter, M. S., & Hosie, J. A. (1991). Effects of cranial and facial hair on perceptions of age and person. The Journal of Social Psychology, 131(4), 589-591. doi:10.1080/00224545.1991.9713892
One of the most notorious observations was that not all people age the same way, and that chronological ...
Both nature and nurture play a major role in human life. nature is a human being natural character which is comes from genetic makeup and nurture other character influence factor which mainly influence by the environment which we are in and surround our self. traits like height, weight, skin color, and physical appearance, aging is majorly affected by of nature. All human being regardless of their age will have those all traits received from their biological parents and ancestors. However, some of those traits can be influenced by nurture as well. For instance, weight can be affected by the types of food a person eats and amount of exercise he/she is doing on daily basis. Aging as well
Ageism is prejudice in which people are categorized and judged solely on the basis of their chronological age (Berger, 2008). Our western culture has embedded ageism into our everyday lives, and we may not be able to identify the ageist behavior when it occurs. Older adults are frequently given negative labels such as senile, sad, lonely, poor, sexless, ill, dependent, demented, and disabled. (McGuire, Klein, Shu-Li, 2008) It is inevitable that we will experience decline in physical and mental capacities. However, the timing, quality, and degree of the aging process are highly variable and very different for each individual. General assumptions and stereotypes about aging are harmful to individual senior adults and do not benefit society.
Aging and old age for a long time presented as dominated by negative traits and states such as sickness, depression and isolation. The aging process is not simply senescence most people over the age of 65 are not Senile, bedridden, isolated, or suicidal (Aldwin & Levenson, 1994). This change in perspective led the investigation of the other side of the coin. Ageing is seen as health, maturity and personal Royal growth, self-acceptance, happiness, generatively, coping and acceptance of age-related constraints (Birren & Fisher, 1995). Psychological und...
Being flexible is the most important aspect in the field of psychology. The willingness to view aging from many perspectives by involving multiple combination of theories helps in generating more possibilities that benefit the society as a whole.
Czaja, Sara J., and Joeseph Sharit. "The Aging of the Population: Opportunities and Challenges for Human Factors Engineering." National Academy of Engineering. N.p., Spring 2009. Web.
In an attempt to define ageing one must take in consideration the biophysiological together with the psychosocial aspects; these two aspects are intertwined.
You can't turn on the radio, television or visit your news homepage without being bombarded with multiple advertisements of miracle products promising to make every crease and fold and lump vanish. Women receive a great deal of pressure from society to maintain a youthful and vibrant appearance. However, as men begin to exhibit signs of aging through grey hair and various facial wrinkles they are often viewed as properly aging. It cannot be a surprise that because of the way we celebrate youthful appearances, we are quick to reject the aging process that we are all bound to face. In fact, at this very moment we are aging. One's age is often a sensitive topic and is very much a part of the aging process and how we embrace it. In the interview Mrs. Nelson expressed great concern for how others view her. She stated, “everyone views me as not mattering anymore or as being too fragile to handle (Nelson).” In general, individuals have a hard time dealing with getting older and it is completely understandable. Their roles personally and professionally shift, children begin their own lives and families, responsibilities change and so do their bodies. These life changes can be very challenging for someone and no matter when it happens it seems to sneak up. One of the most interesting aspects of the aging process is perception. Here, perception relates to how a person perceives themselves and what age they feel like. When asking someone who is older than you what age they feel like they are, very few people will respond that they feel like their actual chronological age. When speaking to Mrs. Nelson she claimed to be feeling older than her age because she was losing sight and is not able to get around as well as she could years ago (Nelson). It is can be the job of social workers to get them
Aging occurs in every species. Over time a change occurs on a cellular level in a person’s body, which causes degenerative effects on the brain, muscles, organs, bones, hormones, and DNA. In 1991, the book Evolutionary Biology of Aging, offered the following definition of aging: a persistent decline in the age-specific fitness components of an organism due to internal physiological deterioration.1 Aging affects the body physically and mentally. Many people dread getting older due to the numerous changes the body goes through. The geriatric population experiences many pains and is inflicted with various diseases. There are a few who are lucky enough to not get diagnosed with a life altering disease, such as Alzheimer’s, type II diabetes, high blood pressure, macular degeneration, or some form of cancer. Studies have shown that genetics play a vital role in the aging process.
...worse than before. For instance, old men and women inject their faces to resemble those in their youth, but they worsen their mental and physical state by executing such actions. To conclude, one should embrace her appearance because aging is inevitable.
[8] J Bradbury (2000) . Linear Predictive Coding, Mc G. Hill Retrieved from my.fit.edu,pp 4
Age is but a number. A number that classifies, organizes, and can even define someone. It holds opportunities to learn new things and determines when the path into adulthood begins. The linear notion created by steadily increasing numbers is a very narrow outlook on age. It assumes that as someone grows in age, they are changing both mentally and physically. This, however, is far from the truth. Age is beyond the numbers; it is what lies within. When numbers are disregarded and the qualities attributed to each phase of life is examined, a sequence of repetition can be observed. Instead of growing old, it can be seen as regressing to adolescence. The two outliers of life, infancy and elderly, are far more similar than any numerical value could ever project.