How LASIK Eye Surgery Works LASIK eye surgery has become a common procedure amongst people with vision troubles like myopia (near-sightedness), hypermetropia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. This corrective surgery is considered to be one of the best options in correcting eyesight, but also one that makes many patients cringe. LASIK surgery uses lasers to reshape the cornea and by doing so, corrects the patient’s vision. In the 1950’s, the idea of LASIK surgery began in the mind of Jose Barraquer. He created the technique of cutting small flaps of the cornea off of the eye in order to reshape it. In addition to this procedure he also did research into how to ensure that this procedure of reshaping the cornea would have long lasting effects on its patients. (Wikipedia) After Barraquer, Svyatoslav Fyodorov continued research by creating radial keratotomy, also known as RK. This procedure still deals with the idea of cutting the flaps of the cornea, however, Fyodorov uses a knife and cuts incisions like “the spokes of a wheel” on the eye, thus explaining why it’s called radial keratotomy. (Wikipedia RADIAL) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_keratotomy The introduction of lasers into surgery didn’t even happen until 1980 when an IBM research scientist discovered that a particular laser, an ultraviolet excimer laser to be exact, had the ability to make cuts into human tissue without damaging other areas around it. (Wikipedia) Later, in 1985, Trokel added the laser into his radial keratotomy procedure with success. He was then able to do the first VISX refractive laser eye surgery from this successful discovery of laser surgery. (LASIK History) After much further advancement, more than this paper allots for, LASIK i... ... middle of paper ... ... errors and they will also have to have their cornea’s shape and thickness checked out again. If the cornea is too thin and if the cornea is too steep the patient will be rejected and further procedure will not be likely. Works Cited "LASIK History." LASIK History. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. "LASIK." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. Mayo Clinic Staff. "LASIK Eye Surgery." Risks. N.p., 25 Feb. 2014. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. Tyson, Jeff. "Lasik Surgery." HowStuffWorks. N.p., 19 Sept. 2001. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. Yo, Christopher, MD, PHD. "LASIK Future Advances ." LASIK Future Advances. N.p., 16 Nov. 2012. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. "Radial Keratotomy." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. "LASIK Overcorrection & LASIK Undercorrection." LASIK Eye Surgery at the Best LASIK Cost. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
"Shoulder Subluxation | Shoulder Instability | Treatment Options." Shoulder Subluxation | Shoulder Instability | Treatment Options. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.
When the operation begins, Dr. Todd will use a steady hand to make a small opening in the side of the cornea. To begin removing the cataract, she switches tools and uses a vibrating ultrasound device to break the hard, cloudy lens into smaller pieces. Following this, she will suction the fragments out through the small cut in the eye. After the cataract is removed, she will begin to insert the intraocular lens in place. This is called an intraocular implantation. This lens is permanent, clear, and will restore normal vision for the patient.
Optometrists have accepted vision therapy, which is a medical treatment for optical muscle disabilities, as a feasible treatment used for eye related problems; claiming the treatment can strengthen vision and give the patient the opportunity to understand visuals quicker and clearer (Press). Vision therapy originated in the 1950s and over the past 25 years, has gained popularity, mainly because of new technological innovations in the field of treatment. Generally, vision therapy is prescribed as a measure mainly for people between the ages of 3 and 18. With the results from a comprehensive series of eye tests, the optometrist can work with the patient using special instruments—prisms, filters, occluders, and eye lenses—and strengthen the eye muscles, thus improving sight. According to optometrists in favor of vision therapy, these methods of treatment using these instruments function as safer routes to repair eye disabilities. Although vision therapy can yield favorable results, the practice as a treatment for innate eye disabilities has been in hot debate lately; as it can exceed $8000 and insurance companies do not cover the treatment. For decades, insurance companies have refused to accept vision therapy as a legitimate method for repairing eyesight (Boink). Concomitant with lack of insurance, the cost for a full treatment can exceed $8000, and doctors cannot guarantee a successful outcome. Recently, parents of children with eye related disabilities, such as amblyopia (lazy eye) and strabismus (cross-eye), and doctors have attempted to cooperate with public schools to allow families access to school-funded doctors to practice vision therapy. With a tight budget, most schools cannot afford to supply vision therapy, and a...
Plastic surgery is defined as a procedure done to reconstruct body parts. It doesn't necessarily mean working with plastic, because the word plastic in plastic surgery is derived from the Greek word plastikos, which means ‘to mold’. (Straightdope) Many believe that a man called Sir Harold Delf Gillies did the first modern plastic surgery in 1917. During the World War I, he met a French surgeon called Hippolyte Morestin, who greatly influenced him. After carefully observing him removing a tumor,Sir Harold performed the flap surgery on a World War I soldier who injured himself badly on his face. While Sir Harold is still considered as the Father of Modern Plastic Surgery, people assume that the Indians were the first to perform plastic surgery back in 800 B.C. With this discovery, British physicians visited India to observe the native methods of plastic surgery. (Williams) Over the years, new discoveries are made, which also means that new forms of plastic surgery are constantly performed. As of now, there are various types of plastic surgery, all done on different body parts of a human. Plastic surgery is generally divided into two, reconstructive and cosmetic. ...
"Zoologist Salary - How Much Does Zoologists Make?" The Richest We Follow Money The Extraordinary Zoologist Salary How Much Does Zoologists Make Comments. Web. 28 Mar. 2014.
After laser surgery and eye drops don’t do the job making a drainage flap in the eye and inserting a drainage valve is next. Trabeculectomy is the filtering microsurgery involving the creation of a drainage flap. This flap will then allow fluid to “percolate” and later drain into the vascular system. All procedures aim to reduce the pressure inside the eye. Surgery may help lower pressure when medication is not sufficient, however it cannot reverse vision loss.
Allen.M, (2013). How Many Die From Medical Mistakes in U.S. Hospitals? Retrieved on March 29, 2014 from http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/09/20/224507654/how-many-die-from-medical-mistakes-in-u-s-hospitals
Lasers (The word laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.) lasers were first introduced in 1960, The first successfully optical laser constructed by Maiman (1960), was a ruby crystal surrounded by a helicoilal flash tube enclosed within a polished aluminum cylindrical cavity cooled by forced air. The ruby cylinder forms a Fabry-Perot cavity by optically polishing the ends to be parallel to within a third of a wavelength of light. Each end was coated with evaporated silver; one end was made less reflective to allow some radiation to escape as a beam was produced. Initially the laser was named the invention looking for a job. Photo-pumped by a fast discharge flash-lamp, the first ruby lasers operated in pulsed mode for reasons of heat dissipation and the need for high pumping powers. Nelson and Boyle (1962) constructed a continuous lasing ruby by replacing the flash lamp with an arc lamp.(1) Today lasers are much like those of the early ones and they are widely used in many fields, their uses are wide spread, From fusion physics to the DVD player these are common places where lasers are used. Medicine and surgery are no exceptions from skin resurfacing to eye surgery to correct vision. With the development of lasers Physicians have been able to provide treatment for a large number of medical disorders. Medical lasers have made it possible to treat conditions, which were previously untreatable or difficult to treat. To make the most of the laser technology physicians must maintain a up to date understanding of laser systems and conditions for which each can be applied .To achieve these goals the basic terminology and fundamentals of laser-tissue interaction is needed.
Cosmetic surgery is becoming a trend world-wide today because humans can never be fully satisfied in terms of looks; however, this type of surgery has many serious perils rather than some benefits that we already know.
Marcus, Miriam. “Ten Plastic Surgical Risks You Need To Know.” Forbes, n.p. 10 October 2007. Web. 17 February 2012.
Miami Beach 411. N.D. “A Guide to Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Costs”. Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From http://www.miamibeach411.com/cosmetic/guide_2.html
Optometry is unique when compared to a field such as general medicine; as a field, optometry is relatively new to many people. The importance of optometry has moved beyond simply helping patients see better, to maintaining the health of the eye and working to screen for many other health conditions. Because its importance is becoming more understood and well known to the general public, the number of patients seeking treatment is growing drastically. As stated above this drastic growth is not only increasing the number of patients but also the number of places optometry is being practiced as well as changing the demographics of the patients being see...
...Mercedes-Benz Prices with MSRP & Invoice. (n.d.). In True Car. Retrieved December 3, 2013, from http://www.truecar.com/prices-new/mercedes-benz/
...he cornea is deformed so that its surface is oval instead of spherical. Light rays are distorted at the entrance of the eye. This produces a blurred image and is known as astigmatism. To correct it, glasses are given a nonspherical or cylindrical curvature. Cross-eyes and walleyes are produced when both eyes do not work together because of weakness of the eye muscles.
Currency Fluctuation, What is Currency Fluctuation, 2014. Available at: http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-currency-fluctuations.htm Retrieved at 6th April 2014