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Social determinants of health and burden of disease
Social determinants of health and how they contribute to the development of diseases
Social determinants of health and how they contribute to the development of diseases
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The term Human Immunodeficiency Virus is commonly known as (HIV), which is a virus that attacks the immune system of humans by destroying the amount of CD4 cells in their bodies. Without CD4 the human body is unable to fight against diseases, which can lead to Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome known as AIDS for short. The first case of the HIV/AIDS virus in the U.S. occurred in the early 1980’s. The first spark of the virus was found in San Francisco with couple of homosexual Caucasian American males. Today African Americans account for the largest proportion of HIV and AIDS in this country, represent approximately 13% of the U.S. population, but accounted for an estimated 44% of new HIV infections in 2010(the last year a study was conducted). Over the past several years or so the U.S. have seen a striking increase in HIV infection rates amongst adolescents (age 13 to 17) and young adults between the ages of eighteen to twenty-four. “[in] 2010, 72 percent of the estimated 12,000 new HIV infections in young people occurred in young men who have sex with men, and nearly half of new infections were among young, black males” (FOX NEWS). Dr. Kevin Fenton who’s the director of the Nation Center for HIV/AIDS prevention at the CDC said the set of new data they received are stark and worrying.
For the past thirty years the HIV virus within the black community has seen a massive spread, based on the lack of prevention efforts. From studies, it is clear to say HIV has, created a serious health crisis among black adolescent males and young adults. Americans need to come forward and push for prevention efforts that will target all Africans Americans regardless of their sexual orientation in order to help slow down the spread of this urgent...
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"ENDGAME: AIDS in Black America." PBS. PBS, 10 July 2012. Web. 07 Nov. 2013.
"Infected and Unaware: HIV Hitting America's Youth." Fox News. FOX News Network, 28 Nov. 2012. Web. 29 Oct . 2013.
Priest, Dana. "U.S. Is Urged to View AIDS as Racial Issue; Panel Points to Social, Economic Factors: [FINAL Edition]." Remote Database User Authentication, Montgomery College Libraries/"ProQuest" Washigton Post Digital, 12 Jan. 1993. Web. 04 Nov. 2013.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. “U.S Department of Health and Human Services(HHS), Inventory of programs, Activities and Initiatives Focus on Improving the Health of Individuals with Multiple Chronic Conditions” Under the direction of Anand Parekh, MD,MPH, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health (Science and Medicine), Office of the Assistant secretary of Health. September 2011. WEB 22 NOV 2013.
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The Web. The Web. 31 March 2014. George, Melissa. Personal Interview.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS weakens the immune system hampering the body’s defense mechanisms. AIDS is known to be a deadly disease, especially if it is not treated in a timely manner. AIDS and HIV is an epidemic that is increasing among the African American population with roots tracing back to Africa, AIDS and HIV needs greater exposure and more awareness within the African American community and in the homosexual community.
In the last five years, the number of people living with the HIV/AIDS virus in the United States has skyrocketed to a whopping 1.1 million. This qualifies it as an epidemic. HIV can affect anyone who engages in high risk behaviors such as drug use and unprotected sex. This virus however, disproportionately affects the minority population as compares to the white population. Why are African American and Hispanic men more prone to the virus than other racial groups? Homosexuality, MSM (Men Sleeping with men) and Social Stigmas about homosexuality play a big role in the explanation.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2012). Refocusing national attention on the hiv crisis in the united states. Retrieved from website: http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/2012/AAAFactSheet-0712-508c.pdf
blackaids.org. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 27, 2014, from Reversing the Alarming HIV Increase Among Black Gay Men, Part 1: http://www.blackaids.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=969
"Much more work with low-income rural women of color needs to be conducted regarding HIV prevention needs and how best to respond to those needs," lead study author Dr. Richard A. Crosby of the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, told Reuters Health. "This is an important population of women who can clearly benefit from increased HIV prevention efforts."
BBC News. BBC, 16 Dec. 2013. Web. The Web. The Web.
HIV/AIDS appeared in the 1980’s and quickly spread throughout the world. There is a strong, visible link between HIV/AIDS risk and infection and low social and economic development (Parker, 2002). The HIV epidemic occurs in places of poverty, racism, gender inequality, and sexual oppression. The growing division between the extremely wealthy and the extremely poor is increasing the isolation of and disease presence among the poor populations (Parker, 2002).
Web. The Web. The Web. 23 November 2011. Doherty, Kathleen.
Web. The Web. The Web. 19 February 2014. Rowan Cris.