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the reasons for greek victory over persia
ancient greek culture
greek culture and its influence in western society
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Although the Hellenistic Era started with the death of Alexander the Great in 323BCE it is important to explore its beginnings. Both Greek and Oriental philosophies greatly influenced the formation of the Hellenistic Age. The spread of Hellenistic culture and its substantial scientific contributions produced an impact on civilization that is still evident today. One of the most important aspects of the thought, culture, and religion during the Hellenistic Era was its impact on the Jewish culture and religion.
The Hellenistic culture was founded from the Hellenic culture. The Hellenic culture was born with Philip of Macedon. Philip of Macedon was a king in Macedonia at the beginning of the fourth century. Philip was known for his great organizational skills and his prowess in battle as a warrior. Philip had a dream of making an empire and surpassing everyone’s expectations he succeeded. It took seven years for Philip to unite the once Greek city-states into a unit, but once he gained control of them he had a battle tested army. Philip of Macedon led his army into Asia Minor and defeated the Persian army. The defeat of the Persian army brought the collapse of the Persian Empire which was unimaginable because at the time Persia ruled the world. Unfortunately, as Philip turned to conquer the rest of the world he died. Luckily he left behind a son.
Alexander the Great, son of Philip of Macedon took the throne at nineteen years of age in 336BCE and with this single event the Hellenic culture abounded. Philip did not want Alexander to be a course and boorish Macedonian so he gave Alexander a tutor, Aristotle. Between Philip and Aristotle, Alexander was raised in the Hellenic culture. The Hellenic culture’s aim was to...
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...yne A. The HarperCollins Study Bible New Revised Standard Edition . New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993. 1645-1722. Print.
Wein, Berel. "Alexander the Greaat." JewishHistory.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar 2011. .
Maxwell, . "The Jewish Diaspora in the Hellenistic Period." A Jewish Synagogue. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar 2011. .
Goldfarb, Clare. "Judaism and Hellenism: The Encounter." Judaism. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Mar 2011. .
"The Hellenistic Kingdoms." Greek Thesaurus. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb 2011. .
"Religion in the Hellenistic Age." Greek Thesaurus. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb 2011. .
Oxtoby, Willard Gurdon. "Jewish Traditions." World religions: western traditions. 1996. Reprint. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 2011. 127-157. Print.
In this essay I aim to examine the roots of Hasmonean rule and observe the relationship between the regime and `Hellenism' (mainly in the political context), and ascertain to what extent Hellenism became an integrated part of the Hasmonean dynasty's mode of governing its state. It is noteworthy to point out that many scholars explain the process of Hellenization as a long and drawn out one, as Lester Grabbe concisely states; "Hellenization was a centuries-long process of synthesis and diversification. It was not the simple imposition of Greek culture on the natives; indeed, the Greeks on the whole did not impose their culture but rather jealously preserved their `superior' political and cultural position in the Near Eastern society." Another aspect to bear in mind is that Greek coinage was used throughout the land of Palestine during the Persian period and Greek pottery found in the area has been dated as early as the fourteenth century B.C.E. So to suggest that the Greeks and their culture were totally alien to the peoples of Palestine until the arrival of Alexander (and subsequently the Ptolemies and Seleucids) would be to ignore this evidence. This being the case, why was it not until Antiochus IV of the Seleucids that open revolt (and the beginning of the Maccabee's rise to power) in opposition to `Hellenism' occurred? I will attempt to answer this complex question in the course of this essay.
Cohen, Mark R. (1994) ‘Under Crescent and Cross, the Jews in the middle ages’ Princeton: Princeton University Press pp 30-50
Greek mythology is thought to be very fascinating to many people; I personally wanted to learn more about it and the Hellenistic period. A new cultural age was led by Alexander the Great when he took over Egypt and the Near East, historians refer to this period as Hellenistic.
4.) The Harper Collins Study Bible. Gen. Ed. Wayne A. Meeks. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993.
Ancient Greece has gone through many changes throughout history. The most notorious age was the Hellenistic Age but had many different ages leading up to it. The Bronze Age (3300-1150 B.C) was a period where the world saw major advances in social, economical, and technology that made Greece the hub of activity in the Mediterranean area. The Archaic Age (700-480 B.C.E) was a period when the Greeks repopulated and became more organized politically. This age was followed by the Classical Age (480-323 B.C.E) a period when Athens and Sparta dominated the Hellenic world with their cultural and historical achievements. The final Greek Age was the Hellenistic Age (323-30 B.C.E). This period was the transformation from localized city-states to an open, exuberant culture that stretched out across the entire Mediterranean, and southwest Asia. Alexander III of Macedon, also known as Alexander the Great, was primarily responsible for the expansion of Greece. Greece’s Hellenistic Age, during and after the death of Alexander the Great, contributed greatly to the expansion of Greek cultures and Greece.
With the formation Hellenistic civilization, came new forms of religion. Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Skepticism came into play for those that were considered intellectuals. While those less philosophically inclined, chose to worship fortune, or lean towards the more emotional religions of Oriental origin. The Orphic and Eleusinian mystery cults because more popular than ever before, while the worship of Isis, the Egyptian mother-goddess, seemed for a time to almost become a world religion.
Between 334 and 323 B.C Alexander the Great and his armies conquered and created an empire that covered Greece, Asia Minor, Egypt, Persia and India. The spoils of war included much Greek art, and encouraged the spread of Greek culture. Consequently, these influences are found in the architecture of the Parthenon and the Pantheon, and in other aspects of life at the time.
The conquests of Alexander the Great spread Hellenism immediately over the Middle East and far into Asia. After his death in 323 B.C., the influence of Greek civilization continued to expand over the Mediterranean world and W Asia. The wars of the Diadochi marked, it is true, the breakup of Alexander's brief empire, but the establishment of Macedonian dynasties in Egypt, Syria, and Persia (the Ptolemies and the Seleucidae) helped to mold the world of that day into a wider unity of trade and learning.
Waldemar Heckel, the author of this book, has written numerous published articles based on the history of Alexander the Great. He has worked on a few articles with J. C. Yardley,
Lieu, Judith, John North, and Tessa Rajak, eds. The Jews among pagans and Christians in the Roman Empire. Routledge, 2013. Google Scholar. Web. 23 Apr. 2014
Hellenistic world and Hellenic world have many similarities and differences. Hellenic studies focus on the study of Ancient Greeks. It also focuses on other time periods such as the Medieval, Renaissance and modern times. It is limited to the time period of 510 BCE and 323 BCE, known as "Classical Greece." Hellenistic studies focus on the study of Ancient Greeks between 323 BCE and 146 BCE. The differences between the two periods lies at the time of Alexander the Greats death. Its states were ruled mainly by kings. They also put their wealth on display for all to see. The people felt alienated and this was expressed in their literature. They used heightened emotion in art and sculpting. While, the Hellenic period emphasized perfectionism
The Hellenistic Era boomed with new discoveries, kingdoms and war. Greek was the language mostly spoken in the Hellenistic world. This was established once the Greeks took over and made it more predominant. During this time, more people were becoming scholarly. There were schools for students to attend where new discoveries were made. Some of these discoveries included science, math and different inventions. Aristarchus discovered just how large our universe was by studying the stars and the earth's atmosphere. Besides discovering the universe mathematics such as trigonometry were originated by Hipparchus during this time.
...eir lives. Not only did the Greek gods and goddesses hold a major impact on the lives of the Greek people, but so did the spreading of the religion through architecture, poets and writings. Greek philosophers also comprised many ideologies that helped shape Greek thinking and the way people throughout ancient Greece would treat each other and their situations in life. All these religious beliefs and ideologies helped form the culture of the Greek people and explain things that wouldn't be able to be explained. The religion brought people together and helped spread tradition throughout the world. In ancient Greece, religion and ideologies were everything. They shaped culture, tradition, lifestyles, behavior, and decisions that people made in their daily lives. The religions helped for Greece to become unified and prosper throught their age of civilization.
Holy Bible: Contemporary English Version. New York: American Bible Society, 1995. Print. (BS195 .C66 1995)