Would you like to clone an exact replica of someone you admire or love? According to the author Alice Park in the article “Scientists Report First Success in Cloning Human Stem Cells,” scientists are successful in making embryonic stem cell lines from human skin cells. Alice goes on to say that human stem cells can develop into muscle, nerves, or other cells that make up the body’s tissues. The definition of cloning is the creation of a living organism that has exact copy of genetic materials from the other (Learn Genetics). Scientists around the world have been doing research on how human stem cells can be made. According to Dr. Shoukhrat Mitalipov, who is a professor at Oregon Health Science University, stem cells help patients who are unable to find a match for organs or bone marrow. Therefore, these organs with the exact genetics materials will yield a higher percentage of matching organs for patients who are in need of organ transplants. But these techniques require doctors to assist in the process that happens in nature, which is the merging of a sperm cell from a man's body with an egg from a woman's body. That level of scientific involvement in the creation of human life makes many people uncomfortable. Contrary, cloning human babies might have the possibility to give infertile couples a chance to create a cloned baby. Likewise, cloning should be considered part of the health care system because this will give transplant patients a higher chance of survival and creates cloning babies for infertile couples.
Cloning is the creation of living organisms that turn out to have the exact DNA as the original. According to the article “What are the Risks of Cloning?” the definition of cloning means that every single bit of DNA is...
... middle of paper ...
...t?" Frontline. PBS, n.d. Web. 15 Apr.
2014.
Park, Alice. "Scientists Report First Success in Cloning Human Stem Cells." CNN. Cable
News Network, 01 Jan. 1970. Web. 14 Apr. 2014.
Shoukhrat, Mitalipov. "OHSU Research Team Successfully Converts Human Skin Cells into Embryonic Stem Cells." Oregon Health & Science University. N.p., n.d.
Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
Seed, Richard. "The Benefits of Human Cloning." The Benefits of Human Cloning. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
"What Are The Risk of Cloning." What Are the Risks of Cloning? The University of
Utah, n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2014.
"WHAT IS CLONING?" What Is Cloning? The University of Utah, n.d. Web. 12 Apr.
2014.
"What Are Some Issues In Cloning?" What Are Some Issues In Cloning? Learn
Genetics, n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
Wilmut, Ian. "Cloning 'Could Transform Medicine'" BBC News BBC, 19 May 2000.
Web. 13 Apr. 2014.
“Cloning represents a very clear, powerful, and immediate example in which we are in danger of turning procreation into manufacture.” (Kass) The concept of cloning continues to evoke debate, raising extensive ethical and moral controversy. As humans delve into the fields of science and technology, cloning, although once considered infeasible, could now become a reality. Although many see this advancement as the perfect solution to our modern dilemmas, from offering a potential cure for cancer, AIDS, and other irremediable diseases, its effects are easily forgotten. Cloning, especially when concerning humans, is not the direction we must pursue in enhancing our lives. It is impossible for us to predict its effects, it exhausts monetary funds, and it harshly abases humanity.
Cloning, especially human cloning attracts increasingly more attention after the first mammal cloning animal Dolly born in 1997. Cloning is divided into two categories: therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning is more related to tissue level cloning to transplant healthy cells and reproductive cloning is individual level cloning. Thus, the term cloning in this essay is used to describe both individual level and tissue level cloning. Public have different views. Some people support it because of its medical value, yet some people argue that it may bring many safety risks and moral problems. Hence, decisions ought to be made to identify the extent of cloning. Therefore, this essay introduces two major benefits of human cloning on disease therapy and analysis two arguments against it on safety and ethical issues.
Cloning is a process that creates exact genetic copies of an existing cell.Cloning is a more general term that describes a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies. The process of cloning can happen either naturally, for instance, when identical twins develop or it can be induced through synthetic conditions in a laboratory. There are three different types of artificial cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning.
Throughout time, human and animal cloning has developed into a new important technology in everyday lives without always knowing it. Cloning is the process of copying or duplicating an organism. Human and animal cloning has so many different outcomes and uncertainties. It can be used for many different purposes, depending on what someone wants to use it for. People all around the world have different views on cloning. Some are against it and some are for it. However, not everyone fully understands how cloning works. Human and animal cloning will determine our future. It can improve or maybe even destroy mankind. Cloning is very important to the world because it can lead to new developments later on in the world that have not yet been thought of.
Imagine this, it is a beautiful sunny afternoon so you decide to go for a walk, as you are walking, you see a woman holding the hand of her small daughter, but there seems to be something odd about the child. She’s a miniature version of her mother. You wonder how that could be, how can a child turn out to be just the same as her mother? The simple answer, you have just seen a clone. According to the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association, cloning is defined as, “the production of genetically identical organisms via somatic cell nuclear transfer.” This, in simpler terms, means that cloning is the creation of identical organisms by taking the nucleus of an existing cell and placing it into another cell, one in which the nucleus has been removed. According to Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell, scientists are currently cloning human embryos and using them to conduct tests and research, and eventually end up killing the embryo (answeresingenesis.org). This act of cloning humans is unethical and should not be done, for a variety of reasons.
When people think of the word cloning they think of evil scientist in a dark laboratory’s full of dangerous and scary instruments of science for conducting experiments, when actually the word clone means, “a cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived (Dictionary.com).” In the past 50 years the science community has made many discoveries such as the cures for different life threatening diseases, different techniques of approaching different types of cancer, and different uses for the practice of cloning. Different people have many opinions about cloning. Some people in the medical field support the practice of cloning, because they believe it can help cure certain diseases by watching how they develop during the cloning process. But some people in the medical field do not support the practice of cloning, because they feel as if it is just a waste of time, and waste of money. Other people do not support the practice of cloning for religious reasons; because they feel as if things are suppose to live once and if a once living organism is artificially reproduced then it is defying the divine grace of God.
To begin with, cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals. Plants and animals has been a frequent
Cloning has come very far through science within the last few decades. Although it is a natural part of the world, scientists have taken a simple idea and expanded it further then what was thought possible. Though cloning faces many challenges, scientists such as Dr. Richard Seed continue their research in perfecting cloning in order to benefit the world. Cloning, a controversial topic thought to do harm, but simply misunderstood. The fact is, cloning could improve life more than what can be comprehended or as Dr. Richard Seed said, cloning will be taking “humanity one step closer to God.”
Imagine a future where humans are manufactured, a future where humans are created by science, a future where humans are the new lab specimen. Human cloning is like opening Pandora's Box, unleashing a torrent of potential evils but at the same time bringing a small seed of hope. No matter how many potential medical and scientific benefits could be made possible by human cloning, it is unethical to clone humans.
Secondly, cloning as it does have good effects and outcomes also has bad effects and outcomes and the bad outweighs the good in t...
Secondly, “the most the human race has to loose by playing around with cloning is that the genetic diversity would be lost (Andrea Castro, 2005).” Reducing the genetic differences will produce clones that are grossly overlarge, many animals will be born with genetic mutations, and there will be a higher “risk of disease transfer (Saskaschools, 2003). “A review of all the world's cloned animals suggests that every one of them is genetically and physically defective (Leake, 2002).” Mutations will be passed on to the younger generation because if a cloned species has a mutation in their DNA this mutation will be passed on. Cloning has been linked with diseases of ageing, arthritis and, cancer.
Cloning is a process by which genetically equal organisms are created with the same DNA. In simplest terms, clones are like twins born at different times. This procedure poses various dangers to society and humankind. One of the greatest threats this procedure creates is among
Despite negative reactions the research continues, “Some scientists think safe and efficient cloning procedures will emerge in five to ten years. 'Cloning is entering a new era’ (Klein).” With the use of more developed experiments and advanced therapeutic cloning, people gain different views on the subject, allowing the public to choose a point of view on the process. With more research and study the public will embrace it more. Arguments against the growth of therapeutic cloning and embryonic cloning state that the procedure is unreliable and very expensive. It takes several hundred embryos and donors to get them, and even after all those attempts, few will make it to birth and become adult organisms, “Additionally, animal cloning has also proved to be very inefficient, with 277 attempts needed to create Dolly. There is no reason to think that human cloning would be any more successful, so a large supply of donated human eggs would be required (Aldridge).”
4) Kassirer JP, “Should human cloning be off limits?” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 338, no. 2 (June 1998), pp. 905-906
Cloning in today’s modern society has evolved into a very sophisticated practice of making identical copies of an organism. Scientists are able to clone different animals and plants exceptionally better than they were years ago, which leads many to wonder if humans will be next. Cloning has tremendous medical and economic pros; however, the morality of cloning does raise many conflicts on whether or not it should be performed throughout the world.