Health is dynamic and determined by the determinants of health that have factors that can both benefit and hinder our overall health (Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, p. 9). The primary health care (PHC) principles accessibility, inter-sectorial collaboration, appropriate technology, emphasis on health promotion and public participation helps all individuals at different social standings based on income levels and geographical location determined by the social determinants of health to access PHC and make an equitable health care system (McMurray & Clendon, 2011, pp. 36-44; Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, pp. 13-14). Social determinants of health encompasses ethnicity, gender and social class. It is seen as the essential determinant to structure and functions to society, the factors that contribute are social, economic, cultural and political (Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, p. 13). For example a female or male from a low socioeconomic background and from an ethnic minority group is more likely to have poorer health in all aspects than those who are from a majority ethnic group and high social standing (Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, p. 14). Primary health care should be holistic, balanced, personalised and equitable, where professionals use appropriate knowledge and gain knowledge from other, this occurs when an individual seeks medical advice (Greenhalgh, 2008, pp. 1, 12). Accessibility to PHC has the objective to create equity within society and health care, this eliminates social, economic and environmental disadvantages (McMurray & Clendon, 2011, p. 37). Accessibility has developed a link between poverty and poor health care by observing adult and infant mortality rates showing a disproporti... ... middle of paper ... ...PHC based on the PHC principles has resulted in a fatal consequence (Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, p. 9; McMurray & Clendon, 2011, pp. 36-44). Therefore the PHC principles and social determinants are used to establish access to health and high finances for health care hence proving that PHC is inequitable to low socioeconomic individuals and those that live in rural and remote areas (Liamputtong, Fanany, & Verrinder, 2012, p. 14; McMurray & Clendon, 2011, pp. 36-44). Works Cited Greenhalgh, T. (2008). Primary Health Care: Theory and Practice. Hoboken: Wiley. Liamputtong, P., Fanany, R., & Verrinder, G. (2012). Health Illness and Well-being. South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Oxford University Pres. McMurray, A., & Clendon, J. (2011). Community Health and Wellness: Primary Health Care in Practice (4 ed.). Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia: Mosby.
Social determinants of health have attracted the attention of governments, policy makers and international health organisations over the last three decades (Hankivsky & Christoffersen 2008). This is because social conditions which people are born in, live and work play an important role in their health outcomes (WHO 2015). According to Kibesh (1200) social determinants drive health disparities, disrupts the human developmental process and undermine the quality of life and opportunities for people and families (ref). Thus, several theories have been developed over the years to provide in-depth understanding of the social determinants of health and to reduce health inequalities (Hankivsky & Christoffersen, 2008). However, there is still significant
Socioeconomic status can limit access to healthcare in many ways. Several Americans do not have the means to receive healthcare although it is readily available to the entire population. A person’s social status, urban community and financial background can all have an impact as to how access to healthcare is achieved. While there are many factors that limit access to healthcare, I will discuss how these particular factors play a role with accessing healthcare services. Why do low income individuals tend to have high risk factors that result in poor health outcomes? What are some of the factors that determine better health outcomes? These are some of the questions that come up when trying to understand the influence of health outcomes. An individual’s socioeconomic status can alter their healthcare choices and status based on education, income, surroundings and/or occupation levels.
According to the World Health Organisation (2017) the social determinants of health are defined as the conditions where people are born, grown, work and live, which also includes the health system. The social determinants of health determined populations health’s outcomes and therefore linked with health inequalities (WHO, 2017)
Mary Louise Fleming, E. P. (2009). Introduction to Public Health. Chatswood, NSW, Australia: Elsevier Australia.
The Social Determinants of Health are certain circumstances that have an effect on the health and overall well being of humans and their own commonalities in terms of financial and societal situations. The reason why it is essential for us to pass beyond considering women’s health and access to health care as individual or biological problems is because women bear unique health needs yet so much health systems are not even acknowledging them. There are situations only females experience that have bad health affects, such as childbirth and pregnancy, although they aren't diseases, physiological and social tactics carry many health jeopardies depend upon health care. Gender based inequalities
The second key point focuses on primary care. To be able to have health care that is functional and effective it starts with primary care. “A robust primary care system is the cornerstone for a more equitable health care system” (Fiscella, 2011). Restructuring of this program in certain areas is important “payment reform, enhancing the training pipeline, transforming practice, and buttressing the primary care safety net” (Fiscella, 2011).
The NHQDR 2012 is a comprehensive report that implies there are changes that need to occur at multiple levels within the health care system and public policy. The report implies that the health care system needs to become more accessible to all populations, and the disparities in quality of care need to decrease. Health care providers need to evaluate access to care, treatment quality and its effectiveness. Meanwhile public policy needs to support funded programs that will improve access to care and support preventative services.
(Williams and Bendelow, 1998). The social model of health looks at factors such as; the social, environmental, economic and cultural factors which are the broader influences on health instead of diseases and injuries. ‘the social model locates people in social contexts, conceptualizes the physical environment as socially organized, and understands ill health as a process of interaction between people and their environments’ (Broom, 1991, 52). Social model of health perceives health and illness in different ways other than just medical facts, by looking at the broader factors that can cause ill health or be the source of you being ill such as; being in poverty; having poor housing, job-related stress, pollution, family, employment status, working conditions, health services, housing, environmental pollution, friends, income, education, social life, national food deprived neighbourhoods as well as poor life choices, these factors can shape your physical along with your mental health and it is not just science that can shape our physical and mental
Starfield, B., Shi, L., & Macinko, J. (2005). Contribution of Primary Care to Health Systems and Health. Milbank Quarterly, 83(3), 457-502. Retrieved from http://www.commonwealthfund.org/usr_doc/starfield_milbank.pdf
A person’s health along with the health of a community are influenced heavily by the social determinants of health. These determinants create a strong foundation for a healthy and proper development of a community (Public Health Agency of Canada, 2013). Further, a proper foundation will allow the children within the community to develop properly, which will foster their potential for intellectual and physical intelligence. This paper will explore the effects of healthy childhood development, personal health practices and coping skills, health services and income and social statuses with in the Maple Leaf neighbourhood. Further, this paper will explore how the above social determinants of health directly affect the students of St. Fidelis school. Lastly, this paper will explain how the rise in cavities within these children is an issue as well as approached to overcome this issue.
For many decades, Americans’ health has been greatly impacted by many social, economic and environmental determinants (Plough, 2015). These social, economic, and environmental determinants include income, education, ethnicity, natural and built environment. These factors create the health disparities in the health care system. The culture of health has changed over the last several generations. Health is viewed as not just needing to seek health care, but rather to recognize all aspects of people’s lives that support an active and healthy lifestyle and environment. The aspects can be their work, families and comminutes (Plough, 2015).
Over the years, the social determinants of health (SDOH) have been receiving more attention due to its importance in determining peoples’ health access, health quality and health outcome. The social determinants of health have been described by various scholars as the situation or environmental condition in which people are born, or where they grow, live and work; unfortunately these conditions have continued to affect and determine people’s ability to access proper care.1-5 In other words, the SDOH continues to consciously and unconsciously influence people’s access to most opportunities in life including access to healthcare services both in developed and developing countries.2 This issues have continue to deteriorate in most developing countries increasing people’s susceptibility to multi-morbidity among different age groups, with a slight increase among the elderly.6
...on, race, and political belief, economic or social condition. Improving the poor health of disadvantaged individuals and reducing health gaps is important but not enough to level up health through socioeconomic groups. The objective of tackling health inequalities can be changed to local needs and priorities of a community allowing wide-ranging partnerships of support to be organised. However it needs to be made clear that what can be done to help improve the life chances and health prospects of individuals living in poverty may not come close to bringing their health prospects closer to the average of the rest of the population or prevent the gap living on throughout the generations. Being clear about what is trying to be overcome and achieved needs upmost importance in the development and delivery of policies that will promote health equality across the population.
The determinants of health normally reflect the conditions within which people are born and continue on with their basic life. Determinants of health are also the factors that contribute to a person 's current state of health (Juha Mikkonen and Dennis Raphael 2014).The factors are behavioral, biological, social in nature, socioeconomic or psychosocial (Juha Mikkonen and Dennis Raphael 2014). Homelessness is not one problem, homelessness is many different kinds of problems involving many different kinds of people. Each of the homeless people has different reasons(James D. Wright 2005) Homeless people health may be influenced by the social determinants of health. This paper will discuss the three social determinants of health, social exclusion, income and social status and housing. According to Shaurya Taran, the only solution for some clients is to build new homeless shelters (Shaurya Taran 2016). Homeless shelters would effectively remove homeless clients from the street. They may also provide a more predictable daily routine(Shaurya Taran 2016).
...0). This should be considered when measuring the impact of the evidence illustrated in table 1. While investigation is still in its infancy, researchers are examining the influence of different dimensions of social class and its various associations with health, thus allowing more accurate connections to be made. For example, improvements have been made to the classification process with the introduction of the NS-SEC. Widely regarded as a more precise measure than the Registrar General’s Social Class classification, and now widely used in ONS, the NS-SEC addressed many of the discrepancies associated with the old classification (Donkin et al., 2002b). This classification is present in the evidence illustrated in table 2 and figure 1. Both sets of evidence clearly demonstrate that health inequalities, in relation to social class, have increased in the 21st century.