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co2 emissions and its effects
the history of long term global climate change
climate change facts
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Climate change, or global warming, has become a more prevalent issue in our society as the years pass by. Science is making great leaps and advances towards predicting future correlations between nature and human events. Many lines of evidence have been presented to the public to prove that climate change is and has been in progress for years now. The five most prevalent of these lines of evidence are: radiative forcings, climate models, correlations, observed changes in climate systems above the norm, and unnatural changes in the earths natural variation such as rising ocean temperatures and levels.
What are radiative forcings? As stated in the IPCC report of 2013, radiative forcings (RFs) quantify the changes in energy fluxes caused by changes in these drivers (natural and anthropogenic substances and processes that alter Earth’s energy budget) for 2011 relative to 1750. Positive RF leads to surface warming and negative RF leads to surface cooling. According to the data collected from numerous sources for the IPCC, the total radiative forcing is positive, which has led to a large uptake in energy by the climate systems. The largest known contributor to the positive total radiative forcings is caused by the increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2, since 1750.
Climate models have been there to support the claims and theories of climate change. Climate models reproduce observed continental scale surface temperature patterns and trends over many decades, as reported by the IPCC, and have improved since the assessment report #4 (AR4). These observations include those of rapid warming since the 20th century and cooling immediately following volcanic eruptions. Climate models are able to show us that al...
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...s) are the only ones that need to change for the better.
Works Cited
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IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D, Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
Otto, Shawn Lawrence. “Democracy in the Age of Science.” 2009, St. Peter, Minnesota. Keynote Address.
Climate change is on the international policy agenda primarily because of warnings from scientists. Their forecasts of a potentially dangerous increase in the average global temperature, fortuitously assisted by unusual weather events, have prompted governments to enter into perhaps the most complicated and most significant set of negotiations ever attempted. Key questions - the rapidity of global climate change, its effects on the natural systems on which humans depend, and the options available to lessen or adapt to such change - have energized the scientific and related communities in analyses that are deeply dependent on scientific evidence and research.
...i, X., . . . Johnson, C. A. (Eds.). (2001). Climate change 2001: The scientific basis : contribution of Working Group I to the third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Global Warming is a phenomenon in which the temperature on the Earth increases. Over history we see natural stages in our Earth’s climate between warm and cold periods because of increased Carbon Dioxide. These stages are usually cyclic but temperatures are rising faster than ever before (Pipkin). Ancient ice cores dating back 800,000 years show a steady level of greenhouse gasses (Scambos). Proving this point Ted Scambos states: “The dramatic rise in the gasses seen in the past few decades- from 315 parts per billion in 1958 to 388 parts per million for carbon dioxide. . . "(37). Greenhouse gasses are emitted from the burning of fossil fuels (Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Nitrogen Oxides). These gasses create a barrier that traps the incoming solar radiation (Insolation) and reheats the earth. Carbon Dioxide is the most abundant of the gasses but not nearly as powerful as Methane. For instance, "Methane in the atmosphere warms the Earth over 20 times more per molecule than carbon dioxide does than after a decade or two, it oxidizes into Carbon Dioxide and keep...
It has been said so many times by so many different kinds of personalities, from academics to renowned politicians, that the world’s climate is changing and much of it has to do with what man has been doing for the last few decades. This has been further confirmed by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) in their assessment published in spring of 2007. The Panel had concluded that much more adaptation is needed in order to alleviate the possible effects of future climate changes. Given the considerable progress made in man’s understanding of the physical climate system, it is unfortunate that the knowledge gained has not been put to much use in terms of decision-making, risk management, and stakeholder engagement (National Research Council (NRC) report on the U.S. Climate Change Science Program, September 2007).
The Earth's climate has changed significantly throughout history. In the last 700,000 years there have been seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat. With the abrupt end of the last ice age approximately 7,000 years ago the beginning of the modern climate era was born. In the last century the global sea level has risen 17cm. All three major global surface temperature reconstructions show that Earth has warmed since 1880. Most of this warming has occurred since the 1970s, with the 20 warmest years, having occurred since 1981 and with all 10 of the warmest years occurring in the past 12 years. There is no denying global warming. Once considered a conspiracy theory by the world’s leading governments, industries and populations; global warming
The Earth has been experiencing a warming period for the past 30 years indicating that a cooling period is about to occur. There are several factors that contribute to climate change including a rise in the temperature such as the Earth’s tilt, tectonic plate changes and volcanic activity. A shi...
Climate change is a major issue that is only going to get worse. Climate change is a change in global or regional climate patterns. It has become more apparent since the mid to late 20th century onwards and is attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels. Climate change has been an important issue for decades that has effects on the environment and people of the world with the end result potentially being catastrophic. Although many believe that prolific use of fossil fuels is the direct cause of climate change, there are many more underlying causes including population expansion as well as irresponsible consumption of natural resources that have
Global climate change is a phenomenon widely accepted by the public in today’s society. A survey from Yale revealed that 63% of Americans believe that global warming is currently happening (Leiserowitz, 2013). And although the public has shown to misunderstand the scientific field, in the case of climate change, science supports their beliefs. Now, a majority of scientists accept that extreme changes are occurring in the world. Evidence is showing that worldwide climate change is real, and the consequences will cause adverse effects to all forms of life.
Evidence of global climate change is in an abundance everywhere we look. The atmosphere’s level of carbon dioxide has increased dramatically to the point where it is causing the average temperature to rise because carbon dioxide holds in heat. The latest measurement,
Earth faces one of the most important and complicated issues ever faced, which is climate change. Climate change is the long-term change in atmospheric temperatures and climate. Although it has been denied and prolonged the issue now, it has created an even bigger problem and it has to solved and fast. The human impact over all the years of existence has changed the Earth’s climate completely. More severe storms are occurring, higher and lower temperatures than normal are reported, and some of the planet’s nonrenewable resources are slowly disappearing.
It's no surprise to most people that the idea of global warming is a highly controversial and debated topic. But is there any real evidence that global warming is a growing problem or is global warming just a big scare tactic being used to get people to comply with strict government regulations? Global warming is widely believed to be the main cause of rising average global temperatures. In reality, global warming isn't really all what it has been exaggerated to be. Many of the predicted effects of global warming over time have actually been proven to be false all together.
Earth’s climate is determined by the physics and chemistry of its atmosphere. Earth’s atmosphere consists of four layers; troposphere which is closest to earth, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. Hardy says, “During the past 100 years we humans, as a result of burning coal, oil, and gas and clearing forests, have greatly changed the chemical composition of the thin atmospheric layer.” There is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to burning fossil fuels. The atmosphere is made up of many gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. It also consists of trace gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons and, ozone. The trace gases have the greatest effect on our climate (Hardy 5). Up to a certain level, these gases help to keep the planet warm by absorbing certain infrared wavelengths, so that there can be life on the planet. Thus, they trap heat in the troposphere and stop it from escaping to space (Hardy 7). Therefore, the greater amount of greenhouse gases, the more heat trapped in the atmosphere. Earth’s temperature is increasing due to increased levels of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide released into the air from burning fossil fuels. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2001 report projects “global average surface temperature increases ranging from 1.4 to 5.8 degrees
Solomon, S. (Ed.). (2007). Climate change 2007-the physical science basis: Working group I contribution to the fourth assessment report of the IPCC (Vol. 4, pg 501). Cambridge University Press.
The earth is a complex system, which continues to evolve and change. Climate change and global warming are currently popular in the political agenda. But what does “climate” really mean? The difference between weather and climate can be conveyed in a single sentence: “Climate is what you expect; weather is what you get.” Based on research of the geologic record, we know that climate change has happened throughout Earth's history and at present, ever-increasing evidence points to the roles that humans play in altering Earth systems. The Earth and its atmosphere receive heat energy from the sun; the atmospheric heat budget of the Earth depends on the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing radiation from the planet; which has been constant over the last few thousand years. However present evidence seems to suggest that the recent increase in temperature has been brought about by pollution of the atmosphere, in particular the release of huge amounts of carbon dioxide, mostly through Anthropogenic Forcing (human activity) and other various internal and external factors. I...
Climate is usually defined as the "average weather" in a place. It includes patterns of temperature, precipitation (rain or snow), humidity, wind and seasons. Climate patterns play a fundamental role in shaping natural ecosystems, and the human economies and cultures that depend on them. But the climate we’ve come to expect is not what it used to be because the past is no longer a reliable predictor of the future. Our climate is rapidly changing with disruptive impacts, and that change is progressing faster than any seen in the last 2,000 years (ecy.wa.gov, 2017). Though the scientific evidence seems overwhelming in favor of climate change, there are those, for various reasons, who believe that climate change is a trick. This is disappointing, as the future of our planet is at stake, and the last thing we should do in this critical time is arguing whether or not our world is being destroyed. In order to enlighten those who believe climate change is not currently happening, I will present evidence that will show that climate change is real due to sea levels rising, frequent hurricanes and food and resource depletion. In turn, I will also answer the opposition.