The Four Functions of Management within
Ginseg Regional Healthcare Systems
Henry Fayol, a 20th century mine owner, first coined term, "Four Functions of Management" to define a functional organization design, focused on essential skill sets. ("Four Functions of Management", 1999) Since then, processes, projects, teams, systems, and different specialisms, like Marketing and Human Resources have manipulated, added to, and overlaid these concepts. However, these four basic concepts are still at the core of managerial thinking, they are Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.
Planning is concerned with the future impact of today’s decision. (Erven, n.d.) Planning, as a basic definition, is setting objectives, analyzing dependencies and scheduling activities and resources to ensure that objectives are met. It is an ongoing process of developing the business’ mission and objectives and determining how they will be accomplished. Planning includes both the broadest view of the organization, e.g., its mission, and the narrowest, e.g., a tactic for accomplishing a specific goal. Planning is the essential function from which the other three functions of management stem.
At GRHS, (GINSEG REGIONAL HEALTHCARE SYSTEM), basic planning initiates the organization by determining the system’s vision, mission, objectives, and goals. Grasping the fundamental understanding of what GRHS is seeking to achieve is determined by planning. Every aspect of the hospital has to be planned for; nursing staff to meet patient needs, conference services to ensure continuing education classes can take place, as well as environmental services where sanitation is of the utmost importance. Without this crucial step in management, organizing, ...
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... To accomplish a successful group decision, you can do the above four steps in any order. To fulfill these functions they also stress how communication plays a major role in accomplishing these functions whether it be communication that calls attention to, detracts from, or refocuses the group on the functions. (Hirokawa, 2001)
References
Four Functions of Management, Retrieved October 7, 2004, from www.quality 4results.com
Erven, Bernard L(n.d.) The Foundation of ManagementExcel. The Five Functions of
Management, Retrieved October 5, 2004, from http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/mgtexcel/funtion.html
James Higgins,1994 The Management Challenge, Second Edition, Macmillan, 1994
Hirokawa, Randy. Randy Hirokawa Home Page.
http://www.uiowa.edu/~comstud/faculty/Hirokawa/,Retrieved October 7, 2004, from http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Speech/rccs/theory59.htm
One of the most common sets of activities in the management is planning (0). In an organization there are many kinds of planning that goes into daily operations and it ranges from highly complex to simple issues. Successful planning and implementation include the following; Set goals and objectives, how to achieve those goals and resources needed, assign task, and review finished task.
Strategic planning: The idea here is to identify goals and objectives. Basically make the plan that can work based on the company’s goals.
In 1916, as director of the company, Fayol wrote the book General and Industrial Management. In this book, Fayol classified the study of management into several functional areas which are still commonly used in executive training and corporate development programs. The functional areas identified by Fayol are planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling.
Try to think about the four functions as a process where each step builds on the others. Managers must first plan, then organize according to that plan, lead others to work towards the plan, and finally evaluate the effectiveness of the plan. These four functions must be performed properly and, when done well, become the reason for organizational success.
There are several steps in the process of a basic planning structure. They are situational analysis, alternatives, evaluation, selection, implementation, and monitor and control. Situational analysis is the internal and external reviewing of past events, current conditions, and attempts to forecast future trends. Which is also known to be a SWOT analysis. Followed by an alternative in which management selects alternative targets and actions to achieve goals. Evaluation is the process in which the decision-maker evaluates the advantages, disadvantages, and potential effects of each alternative. Next in selection, the planner has to decide which goals and plans are appropriate and feasible, thereafter, the managers implement the plans designed to achieve the organizational goal. Finally, monitoring and controlling, an essential part of the process, since planning is an ongoing, repetitive process, managers need to monitor the progress and then controlling, in case a action is initiated incorrectly or when situations change.
Planning is defined as the core of the functions of management, planning is the basis in which the other three functions must be created. Planning can cause trouble for many people in the company and managers as well.
Planning is basic management function which involves preparation of more than one detailed plans to achieve maximum balance of needs and demands with the available resources. The planning process ascertains the goals and objectives to be achieved, conceptualise strategies to achieve those goals and objectives, arranges the means required to put the plan in work and implement, directs
Planning is determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them. Planning is also the best way to improve the performance. It can encourage people to work harder to achieve the goals. So, the planning is very important and you must have the clear plan for your business. For example, Google which is the high technology firm that makes money from selling search-based Internet advertising, but Google says that it is not in the advertising business, but in the business of organizing the world’s information. Even though Google spent $1.65 billion in purchasing of YouTube to adhere to the business, but with YouTube, Google now helps users access and organize video content. The objective of Google is to organize the world’s
Management is accomplished through four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. According to Bateman-Snell, planning is the management function of systematically making decisions about the goals and activities that an individual, a group, a work unit, or the overall organization will pursue in the future. Organizing is the management function of assembling and coordinating human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals. Leading is the management function that involves the manager’s efforts to stimulate high performance by employees. Controlling is the management function of monitoring progress and making needed changes. The four functions of management, in a day care facility, the four functions of management are applied and utilized.
Planning provides the fundamental basis of an effective and efficient organisation. Planning plays a crucial role in any organisation and underpins the inner working’s of a business. It provides ‘an invaluable framework’ (Mokwa, 1987) and basis for action which facilitates for goals to be achieved and ultimately guide an organisation towards success. The positive implications that planning can have eon a business are varied, numerous and far reaching. There are a range of process and components involved with planning which all must be used synergistically by managers in order for an organisation to successfully reach there goals. The benefits of planning range from: increased employee motivation as a consequence of clear vision, to the extensive benefits of enhanced resource allocation and the consequent increase in resource efficiency derived from well organised logistics. Despite this, business can still be successful with limited planning or adopting a form of ‘informal planning’, yet it cannot be disputed that adopting formal planning techniques will allow an organisation to operate more effectively, in an organised manner and ultimately function at a higher level allowing it to excel, succeed and prosper in the highly competitive modern-day business environment.
Planning: Planning is the function on which the other three functions depend. In this management evaluates where the company lies at the moment in current situation and what it will be in future. Then deciding the correct course of steps to be take attain the goals of the firm and then determining the objectives and implementing them.
“Planning: is specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals” (Bateman & Snell, 2004, p. 16).
Planning can be used to help the organization map out a way to efficiently achieve their goals. The beginning of the planning process should include analyzing of the current situation. From this information the company can determine the goals and start to outline the steps that need to be taken to ensure that the goal will be met. Other planning activities that should be completed are determining the company’s objectives and were they want to be in the future. This will help them to choose their business objectives and strategies. In addition, the company should look at the resources that they have available and determine if they are sufficient to achieve the organizations goals.
The first function of management is planning. Planning is a process that managers use to identify and involve goal setting and decide the best way to achieve the goal.(Bartol 2007) Planning connect the gap between where we do, where we intend to go. It predict the possible things to happen which would not otherwise happen (MSG 2012). There are several steps to the planning process, which are determine the goals of the organisation, evaluate the current position, consider possible future conditions, identify possible alternative actions and choose the best. Planning is the criteria thinking through goals and making decision to achieve the goal of the organisation’s objective, which requires a systematic way. Also objectives focus the managers how to achieve the final result as managers have to predict anything will happen, avoid the problem and fight back to competitors. An example of planning, which is the President Canon Inc Tsuneji Uchida and lead Canon Company become the no.1 in the global business (Canon.Inc 2011). Tsuneji Uchida has to understand what is the company objective and goal. First, make decision to protect the position and the aim of canon, improve the operation more diversity. Second, he creates the new design of camera and new technology, he plan to do these things to maximise profit.
Over recent years companies have become less dependent on paper and more dependent on technology. Take American Honda Motors for example; the Davenport Parts facility recently converted computer systems to more efficiently manage its inventory. Prior to its new system months of preparation was needed in order to ensure a smooth change over. Without the four basic functions of management all working together success would not have been possible.