1) Atmospheres
a. A greenhouse gas is a gas, which absorbs the infrared radiation emitted out by a planet carrying energy away, but allows through the visible light carrying energy in from the Sun, such as carbon dioxide. (CO2, H2O, O3, CH4, CFCs).
b. Because the Sun has a surface temperature of about 5,800 Kelvin, it emits most of its energy as visible light. Because the Earth has a much lower average surface temperature of about 288 Kelvin, it emits most of its energy as infrared light. Greenhouse gasses are transparent to visible light, but partially block infrared light. Greenhouse gasses act like one-way valves, because they allow energy from the Sun to reach the surface as visible light, but they prevent energy from the planet from leaving as infrared radiation.
c. The distance from the sun affects the temperature of a planet because the closer a planet is to the sun the greater the temperature will be. The planets reflectivity affects the temperature because the more reflective a planet’s surface is the lower the amount of solar radiation that will be absorbed by the planet. The thicker the atmosphere the hotter the temperature of the planet will be because the more it locks in green house gasses, raising the temperature. The more pressure in the atmosphere the hotter the temperature of the planet. As seen in physics the more pressure that is exerted on an object the more the temperature will rise.
2) Cool Venus
a. Because Venus is completely covered with clouds, and reflects most of the sun's radiation back out into space. Without the greenhouse effect, Venus would be cooler than the Earth even though it is closer to the sun.
b. If Venus did not have Greenhouse gasses or clouds the temperature would be much lower than now. This high temperature is because of the thick atmosphere of clouds and greenhouse gasses, where if neither existed the temperature would drop drastically.
c. The reason for such thick and heavy clouds is directly related to the volcanic activity. The high volcanic activity leads to a higher concentration of clouds, and thus the heavier atmosphere. If the cloud atmosphere were to disappear than there would no longer be high volcanic activity in fact the most likely result from disappearance of clouds would be that the volcanoes on Venus had become dormant.
3) Mars Climate Evolution
a. So far, we do not yet have clear scientific evidence of organisms on Mars.
The Greenhouse Effect occurs when all of the heat is being trapped which involves elements like CH4, N2O, O3. But , the one thing that causes global warming is CO2 ( Schlosser). The society has to remember that not only the elements cause this change , critics are causing the climate change also. For example , fire is natural and beneficial but it can also cause the weather to change because it releases carbon monoxide , and all of that goes up into the atmosphere which can cause global change. Not only does it cause warm temperatures but it also disrupts ecosystems pushing those to extinction for those who can’t adapt. There is also the Greenhouse effect temperatures. They have been rising to about 0.8 degrees celsius. According to Dr. Schlosser , in the atmosphere, it returns about 30% of the energy in approaching sunlight and takes in about 30% at the same time.
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that keeps the earth at temperatures that are livable. Energy from the sun warms the earth when its heat rays are absorbed by greenhouse gasses and become trapped in the atmosphere. Some of the most common greenhouse gasses are water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. If there were no greenhouse gasses, very few rays would be absorbed and the earth would be extremely cold. When too many rays are absorbed the earth’s atmosphere heats up and it causes what we know as global warming. Al Gore (2006) described the greenhouse effect as the potentially most dangerous environmental problem facing mankind, with consequences second only to nuclear war (p.299). As the name suggests, global warming isn’t merely affecting parts of the world, it is threatening the world globally.
First is a description of the greenhouse effect. The earth’s atmosphere has four layers, or zones, with each having distinct differences in temperature. The troposphere is the first layer surrounding the earth. Within this layer air is continually circulating and moving heat and moisture around the earth. The troposphere is denser than the other layers due to the fact that gravity keeps the majority of air molecules near the earth. This is about 75 percent of all the atmospheric mass. It is also the warmest layer (Cunningham & Cunningham, ...
The greenhouse effect is known as the rising in earth's temperature above from its normal temperature. In the atmosphere, there are certain gases, such as methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, water vapor, and ozone, which aid in this activity by reflecting the heat back to earth. Because of this process earth can maintain a suitable temperature. Around 57 degrees Fahrenheit, which are considered to be a normal temperature. The average temperature on earth would be zero degrees Fahrenheit, 18 degrees Celsius), if this radiation is not trapped, and as a result of life would not be as we are seeing now. In this way, these greenhouse gases are primary and very important for the survival of the living organisms on earth. What makes the earth,
Greenhouse gases increase temperature. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas. An increase in water vapor in the atmosphere leads to higher temperature.
Greenhouse gas are a number of gases contributing to global warming which heat up the earth. The greenhouse gas that is emitted are carbon dioxide, methane , nitrous oxide and more. The greenhouse gases absorb infrared rays (heat) emitted from the Sun, which will be kept in the earth’s atmosphere rather that it being reflected away into space which helps the earth’s temperature to remain constant.
Our sun is the central pivot point to which or entire planet and solar system is built around. With out it all life on our planet would cease to exist. Within this paper we will explore how our Sun and solar system formed and came to resemble what we see today.
Known as “Earth’s twin”, Venus is very similar to Earth in composition, size, mass, and gravity. However, their temperatures are not so similar. The average temperature on Venus is a toasty 460 degrees Celsius (864 degrees Fahrenheit), as opposed to the cool 14 degrees Celsius (58.3 degrees Fahrenheit) Earth experiences. Needless to say, it would not be an ideal vacation spot. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system, thanks to the runaway greenhouse effect. The atmosphere of Venus is also majorly different from Earth. It is composed of 97% carbon dioxide and 3% sulfuric acid, with an atmospheric pressure that is ninety-two times that of Earth. This pressure would be the same as being in the lowest depths of the ocean on Earth. However, like Earth, Venus is one of the four terrestrial planets, meaning it has a rocky surface, and a surface area of 177.7 million square miles. The gravity, which is 8.87 meters per second is very similar to Earth. Its mass is also very similar, 4.867E24 kilograms, and a density of 5.20 grams per centimeter.
The human activities that are undertaken such as burning of fossils release some greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, Methane, and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is created in our atmosphere. When the sun's energy heats up the Earth by warming it, our planet radiates some of this heat that was heating the surface back out towards the outer space. Some of the gases that have accumulated in the atmosphere act like the glass existing in a greenhouse, which allows the sun's heat to get in without escaping by getting trapped. Some of the greenhouse gases exist but lately the human activities are releasing an additional of high levels of other greenhouse gases thereby enhancing the greenhouse effect (Haldar, 2011).
Our solar system has eight planets, their moons and satellites, and they are all orbiting the Sun. The eight planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto used to be the ninth planet but IAU changed the definition of planet and Pluto did not meet the standards so it is now a Dwarf planet.
...e sun, this is of a longer wavelength and is absorbed by the atmosphere. The Earths atmosphere, thus acts like the glass of a green house, hence the 'greenhouse effect'.
atmosphere. If there is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere more rays from the sun are
The amount of water that is on earth at any one time remains fairly constant because the water is moving form one reservoir into another such as river to ocean or ocean to atmosphere. This cycle involves the exchange of energy causes a change in temperature. This is why when evaporation occurs, it takes energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. While condensation occurs energy is released and the surrounding environment becomes warmer. The atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gasses that surround the earth. The atmosphere is made up of five layers known as the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the earth’s atmosphere; it is also where all weather on earth takes place. The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, right above the troposphere. Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere and above that is the troposphere. The uppermost region of earth’s atmosphere is the exosphere. The air in the exosphere is extremely thin and almost the same as space. One of the many reasons the earths atmosphere is important is because it blocks
The carbon dioxide, also known as a greenhouse gas, remains in the air trapping heat and gradually warming the planet. Other greenhouse gases such as: methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor also contribute to this slow warming. According to Live Science, The state of these gases being trapped is called the greenhouse effect, which is one of the leading causes of global warming (Lallanillia). All the gases are created differently and have different effects on the earth.
Climate changes occur in our earth's atmosphere due to a buildup of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases can occur naturally as well as a result of human activities. The greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. “Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere when solid waste, fossil fuels, and wood are burned.” (2) The gases help to warm the surface of the Earth. Each greenhouse gas absorbs heat differently. If natural gases did not occur, the temperature of the earth would be considerably cooler. “Problems can occur when higher concentrations of greenhouse gases are present in our atmosphere because they have enhanced our earth's heat trapping capability.” (3)