Health is an important factor in everyone's life. When people talk about health, some are solely focused and concerned on the physical aspect of the health. However, health is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (Davies & Macdowall, 2006). Keeping oneself healthy emotionally, physically, and spiritually maintains and improves quality of life. From infants to older adults, maintaining optimal health is a common goal for all of us. As health care members, it is our responsibility to promote optimal health to patients and the general public. According to Davies & Macdowall, (2006), health promotion is the "process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health". It is imperative for health care members to fully explore and understand the theories of health and health promotion to establish effective planning and interventions for patients. In United States, we have more culturally and ethnically diverse population than any other country. The morbidity and mortality rates, prevalence of risk behaviors, and determinants of health behaviors are all different among various cultures and ethnic groups (Glanz & Rimer, 1997). As a result, health care members must incorporate possible characteristics such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status, gender, age, and geographical location of targeted populations when applying health behavior theories. Health Belief Model The Health Belief Model (HBM) is one of the widely used theories in the health care field to facilitate health promotion. The model applies six concepts to the theory, which includes perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceiv... ... middle of paper ... ...sion, and diabetes. This result indicates that there needs to be more emphasis on the smoking cessation programs in acute care settings. The effective smoking cessation programs in acute care settings can help patients to successfully quit and improve their overall health. Conclusion There are numerous theories of health promotion and health behavior practice out there for patients and the general public. However, not all theories are equally effective and successful in health promotion. It is important to understand that specific health promotion will require a specific theory to achieve desired outcomes. As health care members, it is our responsibilities to identify these theories and apply them to appropriate health promotion. Also, education is a necessity in health promotion for patients to fully recognize and identify their risks in health behavior.
This paper will provide as an example to how we as nurses can be successful in applying the nursing process and various technological advances to promote the health and well being of our patients. Involved in this process, we must include the following criteria: a understanding of health promotion, a value of health promotion, strategies and content to promote health, involve the patient in the process, address barriers to successful health promotion, and utilize facilitators to health promotion (Whitehead et al. 2008).. We must not focus only on where the patient’s health status is currently but on promoting the positive well being they want to and can move to with our aid and encouragement.
Tannahill, A., Tannahill, C., & Downie, R. S. (1999) Health Promotion. Models and Values. Oxford University Press.
The Health Belief Model is a framework that is used for understanding service user’s health behaviours. The Health Belief Model is based on believing that a service user will seek health care related action if they believe that they are at risk of developing a certain condition and also if they believe that they can successfully and confidently take action to avoid getting the condition. A conceptual framework that describes a person's health behavior as an expression of health beliefs. The model was designed to predict a person's health behavior, including the use of health services, and to justify intervention to alter maladaptive health behavior. www.medical-dictionary.com (accessed 1/11/2016).
Nurses should perform interventions and educate to encourage healthy behavior when an individual is not presently ill. Furthermore, relevance of this model regarding individuals who are presently ill is practically inconsequential due to lack of immediate curative factors. Regardless, the model can still be useful in educating the ill patient on how to participate in health promoting behavior that will prevent onset or further progression of illnesses. The goal of healthcare providers should be to evaluate, intervene, and help patients set realistic goals that accommodate the multidimensional aspects of their life in order to effectively promote optimal health as the end
The key concept of the health belief model includes threat perception (perceived threat), behavioral evaluation, self-efficacy and other variables. The threat perception has very great relevance in health-related behaviors. This perception are measured by perceived susceptibility (the beliefs about the likelihood of contacting a disease) and perceived severity (the feeling about the seriousness of contacting an illness and leaving it untreated). The behavioral evaluation is assessed by the levels of perceived benefits (the positive effects to be expected), perceived barriers (potential negative aspects of a health behavior), and cues to action (the strategies to activated one’s readiness). The self-efficacy key concept was not originally included in of the health belief model, and it was just added in 1998 to look at a person’s belief in his/her ability to take action in order to make a health related change. The other variables that are also the key concepts of the model include diverse demography, sociopsychology, education, and structure. These factors are variable from one to another and indirectly influence an individual’s health-related behavior because the factors influence the perception...
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behaviors by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals (Health Belief Model, 2014).The model encompasses ideas such as perceived susceptibility and severity of health-related behaviours, the perceived benefits and barriers, as well as cues to action.
The promotion of health has been primarily a White middle-class phenomenon (Gottlieb and Green, 1987). It is critical that minority groups are included in preventive care, particularly because racial/ethnic minority group members are likely to suffer from higher mortality and morbidity than are White Americans.
As part of the Healthy People 2020 initiative, a national goal has been set to improve the health and well-being of women, infants, children, and families. This is an important public health movement considering their well-being determines the health of the next generation and can help predict future public health challenges for families, communities, and the health care system. Since there are many social and physical determinants of maternal, infant, and child health, recent efforts have been focused on addressing disparities by employing a “life course” perspective to health promotion and disease prevention. MICH 10.2 is an objective that seeks to improve the population’s health and well-being by increasing the proportion of pregnant women
Health promotion is a multifaceted movement with a core value on respect, empowerment, equity, inclusion and social justice (MacDougall 2002). Aims to achieve holistic health, while it is influenced by medical and social determinants. These determinants which aids to deter...
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2005). Theory at a Glance: A Guide for Health Promotion Practice – Second Edition. NIH.
To start off, I am going to explain the Health Promotion definition. Health is one’s ability to function well physically, mentally, and socially in order to function within the environment in which they are living in (World Health Organization, 2016). Encouraging one’s control over their own health in relation to social and environmental interventions defines health promotion which leads to the optimization of health (World Health Organization, 2016). It is essential for older adults to partake in changing their lifestyle in terms of their behavior and applying the knowledge they receive from health care providers in order to promote health (World Health Organization, 2016). Older adults mostly have a hard time taking care of themselves and need the assistance to guide them for their well-being. Therefore, nurses have a vital role in providing information and teaching individuals how to gain healthy ideas to promote healthy behaviors. Health promotion is a crucial element in supporting an older adult living with a health challenge such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
According to the book Theory at a glance, the definition of the health belief model considers how an individual’s perception regarding the susceptibility and severity posed by a health problem, the advantages
To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities. Therefore, health promotion is not just the responsibility of the health sector, but goes beyond healthy life-styles to wellbeing. Health promotion goes beyond health care. It puts health on the agenda of policy makers in all sectors and at all levels. It directs policy makers to be aware of the health consequences of their decisions and accept their responsibilities for
Diclemente, C., Fairhurst, S., Prochaska, J., Rossi, J., Velasques, M., Velices, W. (1991). The process of smoking cessation: An analysis
Whitehead, D. (2003). Health promotion and health education viewed as symbiotic paradigms: Bridging the theory and practice gap between them. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12(1), 796-805.