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Medical practice and ethics
Medical practice and ethics
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Within the last century, the advancements of modern science, technology and research have increased the average human life expectancy worldwide. While new research has produced drugs to help us live longer with diseases like cancer, AIDS and diabetes, it has also created designer drugs to aid and relieve the side affects of aging. With these benefits come personal rights and social responsibilities not faced by previous generations. For all of the of those that work tirelessly to bring these drugs to improve the daily life of others for little rewards, there are pharmaceutical giants whose profits climb to new heights by marketing drugs to the aging population. This paper will discuss two ethical issues surrounding longevity, the ethics of pharmaceutical companies associated with keeping us alive and comfortable, and the right to an individual’s definition of quality of life. The search for the fountain of youth has produced many multi-billion dollar corporations across the globe, from pharmaceutical companies to insurance agencies. The large profits these companies report yields incredible power and influence. Pharmaceutical conglomerates introduce new drugs worldwide targeted directly to those who are aging. Packaging is covered front to back with the fine print of the drugs’ possible side-affects, many sound more terrifying than actually just living with the condition. Television campaigns touch on the vulnerabilities and insecurities that threaten quality of life when one is aging, and can be down right embarrassing. The low voiced, quick speed of the drug disclaimer always ends instructing patients to ‘Ask your doctor if xxx is right for you…” To answer this question, the medical profession is often relied upon to brid... ... middle of paper ... ...stitute. (1999 йил 01-01). HUMANISM TODAY . (R. B. Tapp, Ed.) Retrieved 2012 йил 12-01 from Humanist Institute: http://www.humanismtoday.org/vol13/larue.html marketwatch.com. (2012 йил 17-01). LifeVantage Expands Board of Directors and Announces Approval of Tender Offer to Modify Warrants. Retrieved 2012 йил 25-01 from MarketWatch: http://www.marketwatch.com/story/lifevantage-expands-board-of-directors-and-announces-approval-of-tender-offer-to-modify-warrants-2012-01-17 Phatak, A. (1998 йил 01-01). The pharmaceutical industry and the medical profession. Retrieved 2012 йил 19-01 from Indian Journal of Medical Ethics: http://www.ijme.in/064cr131.html The Wise Sloth. (2009 йил 4-12). My prediction on the legalization of euthanasia. Retrieved 2012 йил 25-01 from The Wise Sloth: http://wisesloth.wordpress.com/2009/12/04/my-prediction-on-the-legalization-of-euthanasia/
The Dying of the Light is an article by Dr. Craig Bowron that captures the controversy surrounding the role of medication in prolonging life. The author describes that many medical advancements have become a burden to particularly elderly patients who in most instances are ready to embrace the reality of death. Dr. Bowron believes that dying in these modern times has become a tiring and unnatural process. “Everyone wants to grow old and die in his or her sleep, but the truth is most of us will die in pieces,” Bowron notes (Bowron). The article does not advocate for euthanasia or the management of health care costs due to terminal or chronic illness. Bowron faults humanity for not embracing life and death with dignity as it was in the past. He blames the emergence of modern medical advances and democracy as the sole reason why everyone is pursuing immortality or prolonging of life rather than embracing the natural course of things. The article is very articulate and comes out rather persuasive to its target audience that happens to be health-conscious. Craig Bowron uses effective rhetorical strategies such as logos, ethos, and pathos to pass on his message. The article’s credibility is impeccable due to the author’s authority in health matters as he is a hospital-based internist. A better placed individual to dissect this issue by analyzing his experiences in the healthcare profession. The article incorporates a passionate delivery that appeals to the readers’ hopes, opinions, and imagination.
Tom Harpur, in his 1990 article in the Toronto Star - "Human dignity must figure in decisions to prolong life" - presents numerous arguments in support of his thesis that the use of advanced medical technology to prolong life is often immoral and unethical, and does not take into consideration the wishes of the patient or their human dignity. However, it must be noted that the opening one-third of the article is devoted to a particular "human interest" story which the author uses to illustrate his broader argument, as well as to arouse pity among readers to support his view that human life should not always be prolonged by medical technology. This opening section suggests that a critical analysis of Harpur 's arguments may find widespread use of logical fallacies in support of the article 's thesis. In this essay I will argue that, given how greatly
For my final project I chose to compare two works of art from ancient Mesopotamia. A visual work of art and a literary one. The visual work of art I chose was the Statuettes of Worshipers which were created around 2900 to 2350 BCE at the Square Temple at Eshnunna, a city in ancient Mesopotamia. The literary artwork I have chosen is the Epic of Gilgamesh written roughly around 2800 BCE by author or authors unknown. It was set in Uruk, another city in ancient Mesopotamia. Both of these works of art share a common theme; the theme of immortality. It is my hopes that within this paper I can accurately show how each of these works of art express this theme, and how it relates to modern society.
3Walker, Hugh: Market Power and Price levels in the Ethical Drug Industry; Indiana University Press, 1971, P 25.
As we age, we become more prone to a wide array of diseases, such as cancer and heart disease and treating these diseases most definitely helps us live longer but they do not seem to halt the natural aging process that eventually causes our bodies to weaken and wither away. New research suggests that, like several biological processes, the aging process could also be controlled and this could lead us to live much longer lives. However, commoners and bioethicists alike are often concerned about the bioethical issues pertaining to the life extension phenomena. They argue that the quality of life may be compromised in exchange for longevity and this may be due to intervention in the
Aging fosters sickness and disability, increases human suffering, and makes us more likely to die yet many argue against seeking out a cure for this disease. Some feel aging is natural and curing it would not only lead to overpopulation, but to diminished life fulfillment and to an unforese...
As Epstein (2007) alluded that pharmaceutical companies could be exploiting the poor infrastructure, deferential patient population and the lack of regulatory body in developing countries to conduct clinical trials that are ethically unacceptable [12].
Longevity is a foreign word when it comes to the love lives of young socialites. Family obligations, careers, and scandals often get in the way of long lasting relationships. It is almost a rule. The good thing for Olivia Palermo and Johannes Huebl is that every rule has at least one exception. They met in St. Bart’s in 2008 and have been going strong every since. The location became so special that they return there every year, and even became the spot of a very important part of their relationship. More on that in a little bit.
Attitudes are the foundation of quality of care for older adults. Among health care professionals, discrimination and stereotypical behaviors are very prevalent, even though more often than not these individuals do not realize their actions are ageist. “Ageism hinders people from seeing the potential of aging, anticipation their own aging, and being responsive to the needs of older people” (McGuire, Klein & Shu-Li, 2008, p. 12). Attitudes are directly correlated with how individuals age and whether individuals stay health and live longer (McGuire, Klein & Shu-Li, 2008, p. 12). The care that older adults receive from healthcare professionals is directly influenced by that provider’s attitude about growing older. All too often, health care providers rely on a patient’s chronological age rather than their functional age when determining their needs and what interventions are prescribed. Another issue lies in providers viewing the complaints of older patients as a part of “normal aging”, therefore potentially missing life-threatening problems that may have been easily resolved. “Age is only appropriate in health treatment as a secondary factor in making medical decisions, and it should not be used as a stand-alone factor” (Nolan, 2011, p. 334).
Ageing is something that everyone will eventually experience if they are fortunate to live a long life. The process of ageing comes with various negative and positive outlooks. In western culture, ageing for both genders is particularly condemned. In the media in particular, the process of ageing for men and women vary greatly. Where, women are condemned for ageing more than men are. Media greatly highlights on the stereotypical notion of ageing especially in the aspect of portraying men and women and their social roles through advertisement. I will be discussing
In today’s society, medicine faces several issues. A major issue is healthcare insurances. Healthcare Insurance is getting more expensive, which mean less people have access to it. The purpose of medicine is to provide a better life to the people; however, insurance companies stands in the way of this goal. For example, poor people who do not have access to healthcare insurance cannot afford treatment to their sickness. Also, insurance companies decide the type of medicine to be provided for the patients. As a result, insurance companies have the say in deciding who will live and who will die. Medicine should be a right, not an option. People’s wealth should not determine their health status.
In the case of GSK, they violated the laws for corrupting the doctors, hospital and even government executives and selling the drugs at an unreasonable high price. GSK is responsible for these illegal and unethical decisions. GSK violated utilitarianism since they didn't raise overall happiness within all the stakeholders, instead they only concerned about their own happiness of the business, which was about making money. The happiness of the patients and customers were slashed because they were misled to spend more money buying their medication at an unreasonable price and for conditions, it was never designed to treat. Moreover, consumers and patients had to face the potential risk of life-threatening danger or having side effects if they mistake drugs or medication with unrealistic and exaggerate effects. I think Although GSK has some very specific internal regulations against corruption, these so-called rules seem to be readily circumvented or even ignored. Therefore, GSK is necessary to establish an independent department-Office of Business Ethics and Integrity which are responsible for all the anti-corruption and fraud investigation throughout the company and be directly accountable to the Chief Executive Officer and the Board, like the ICAC in Hong Kong. This act can avoid any intervention, cheating, and fraud by the regional executives and managers. The
Paul Baltes was a German born psychologist who challenged the traditional view of development, with his life span perspective of development theory. It states that no age cohort dominates development; rather, development occurs throughout all periods of life (Boyd, 2003). Growth and change are brought about through sociocultural and biological influences that occur out a person life span, these influence can be normative and non-normative (Dunn & Craig, 2013).
The average person in the United States lives to be approximately 77 years old. What if the average life expectancy could be increased to 112 years old? Many aspects of life could be improved because people could become very skilled at what they do. Through many scientists’ hard work and research they have reason to believe that it could actually be possible for the average life expectancy to reach 112 years of age (Than 1). However, with these scientists’ getting closer to figuring out the secrets of aging come many social, legal, and ethical issues. In this paper I will talk about two forms of life extending technology that are currently available, the social, legal, and ethical issues involving life extending technology, why I believe life extending technology is a negative right, and why I believe that medical scientists’ should continue researching life extending technology.
“Humanism is to mean the development of human virtue, within all its approaches, to its fullest extent. Hence! The term implied such qualities as are associated to the modern world humanity, understanding, benevolence, compassion, mercy as well as aggressive characteristics as fortitude, judgment, prudence, eloquence, and even more the love of honor. The consequences of the possessor of humanism could not be merely a sedentary and isolated philosopher or man of letters but was of necessity a participant in active life. It looks to be just as action without action rejected as barren and imperfect. Humanism called for a fine balance between action and contemplation, a balance born not of compromise but of complementarity.”