Why the Nazis and not the Communists?
Why, by 1934, had the Nazis benefited more than the Communists from the shortcomings of the Weimar Republic?
Adolf Hitler, head of the NSDAP, became Chancellor of Germany on the 30th January 1933. Following the 'legal revolution' of the following months and President Hindenburg's death on the 2nd August 1934, Hitler made himself Führer and Reichskanzler. The Nazi revolution was complete and Germany was subject to a dictatorship of the extreme political right.
As Ian Kershaw explains, the Weimar Republic was failing: "the survival chances of Weimar democracy might be regarded as fairly poor by the end of 1929, very low by the end of 1930, remote by the middle of 1931 and as good as zero by Spring 1932." In a period of Depression and when unity and firm government was essential, Müller's Grand Coalition broke up in March 1930. Logically, there were several political alternatives other than Hitler and the Nazis.
There could have been a return to parliamentary Party politics. There were some signs to show that democracy may have been revived. During the continuous utilisation of Article 48 to govern, the Reichstag gave their vote of no confidence in challenging the executive use of it. Also, a section of the public appeared to still support the Republic; the Centre Party and SPD continued to have steady support until 1932. However, it seems that any chances of democracy were ruled out. The political Parties were still inclined to pursue their own political interests when a united, broad and moderate front was needed. Two moderate Parties even defected to Hitler after the offensive from the right and Hindenburg made little effort to restore the influence of the Reichstag.
Alternatively, Germany could have become a presidential dictatorship backed by the army as von Schleicher or von Papen would have preferred. In order to do this, the authoritarian regime would have had to adapt slightly from what it was in 1932. The long-term use of Article 48, the emergency decree, would have been impractical and impossible. Perhaps the conservative elites were looking to Hitler for a new identity as they couldn't return to the days of the Second Reich as well as thinking they could control his power. A military regime would have meant that there was no dominance from the extreme right or left of politics. Judging by the situation of Germany at that time, it was quite possible that this may have resulted in civil war.
The data collected during this experiment has shown that a relationship likely exists between the rate of muscle fatigue and the time spent performing vigorous exercise prior to the set of repetitive movements. This is likely due to a build-up of lactic acid and lactate as a result of anaerobic respiration occurring to provide energy for the muscle cell’s movement. As the pH of the cell would have been lowered, the enzymes necessary in the reactions would likely not be working in their optimum pH range, slowing the respiration reactions and providing an explanation to why the average number of repetitions decreased as the prior amount of exercise increased.
This is achieved through the close relationship of the family members the pediatric patient. Safety is increased because the family members are treated as part of the health care team and not simply visitors (Moore, Coker, DuBuisson, Swett, & Edwards, 2003). Furthermore, the patients are able to communicate with personnel about what they see happening to their child as well as making decisions regarding what treatments they want their infant to receive (Moore et al., 2003). The input from the patient 's family is very important in ensuring patient safety because the family members know the patient much better than medical staff (IWK Health Centre, 2016). This allows family members to more acutely notice changes in the pediatric patients status which allows them to quickly notify health care professionals. This could prove very beneficial when providing care for a pediatric patient in intensive
Today, most hospitals have strict ICU visiting hours despite increasing awareness that family and friends play an active role in a patient’s care. Typically, patients in ICU are critically ill and are often at the end stages of their lives. The presence of family and friends in these circumstances is vital in creating the most comfortable and therapeutic environment for the patient. Studies have shown the benefit for the patients when the support and positive reinforcement of family and friends is present. Furthermore, a randomized controlled trial revealed that an unrestricted ICU visiting policy is associated with reduced cardio-circulatory complications, possibly because visits reduce patient anxiety and promote a more favorable hormonal profile (Berti, Ferdinande, Moons, 2007).
The nursing discipline embodies a whole range of skills and abilities that are aimed at maximizing one’s wellness by minimizing harm. As one of the most trusted professions, we literally are some’s last hope and last chance to thrive in life; however, in some cases we may be the last person they see on earth. Many individuals dream of slipping away in a peaceful death, but many others leave this world abruptly at unexpected times. I feel that is a crucial part to pay attention to individuals during their most critical and even for some their last moments and that is why I have peaked an interest in the critical care field. It is hard to care for someone who many others have given up on and how critical care nurses go above and beyond the call
I will be going to college in a few months and am not sure what to expect from college with me being so young; however, I know that my family will be supportive and encouraging to me. My father seems especially eager about my upcoming college entry, probably because I am his only son out of eleven children. My father and grandfather are both pastors and I feel that they want me to continue the pastoral tradition in the family (Hammond).
Morin, Isobel V. "1: Dorothea Dix Superintendent Of Army Nurses." Women Chosen For Public Office (1995): 10.MasterFILE Premier. Web. 28 Mar. 2012.
It’s very important that the units that are supportive of evidence based practices instill the idea of the patients being as important as family members or close friends in order to carry out the best practice. These would be good areas for individuals of the team to reflect during meetings. What is means to care for patients as a close friends or family members and what areas they can improve their practice; For instance, long term care nurses taking the time to ensure that all of their bedridden residents are turned every 2 hours to prevent bed sores.
Not only did it give far too much representation to small and often politically extreme parties, but it aslo created too much of a political schism within the Reichstag, which made it very difficult for it to work together in order for it to pass laws (hence why Ebert used Article 48 so many times.) Although a far more democratic electoral system than, for example, the United Kingdom’s First-Past-The-Post system, the use of proportional representation meant that the parties that were elected by the people were not actully able to work for the betterment of their voters, because of thedisjointed and fragile poltical climate of the
...med after her. Dix was an advocate for the maltreated mentally ill, who were neglected and abused in jail. With a big voice and strong willing she made the change in better and stopped the outrageous maltreatment of innocent people. Dix was a tenacious woman who accomplished much for humanity within her life span. Her work changed the way we treat the mentally ill today. Dorothea Lynde Dix will always remain an important person in the nursing history.
"Romanticism." A Guide to the Study of Literature: A Companion Text for Core Studies 6,
Sole, M.L., Klein, D.G., & Moseley, M.J. (2013). Introduction to critical care nursing (6th ed). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Lautrette, A., Darmon, M., Megarbane, B., Joly, L. M., Chevret, S., Adrie, C., et al. (2007). A Communication Strategy and Brochure for Relatives of Patients Dying in the ICU. The New England Journal of Medicine, 356(5), 469-478.
...rstand the effects of ICD implantation after cardiac arrest on intimate partners. Patients are increasingly surviving life-threatening illnesses and needing to be cared for at home by family members. In order for patients to become healthy and make a complete recovery, the physical and psychological needs of the intimate partner caring for them need to be addressed.
In a pre-hospital setting, there are few moments that are as intense as the events that take place when trying to save a life. Family presence during these resuscitation efforts has become an important and controversial issue in health care settings. Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a relatively new issue in healthcare. Before the advent of modern medicine, family members were often present at the deathbed of their loved ones. A dying person’s last moments were most often controlled by his or her family in the home rather than by medical personnel (Trueman, History of Medicine). Today, families are demanding permission to witness resuscitation events. Members of the emergency medical services are split on this issue, noting benefits but also potentially negative consequences to family presence during resuscitation efforts.
Nurses serve as vital members of hospital resuscitation teams and as such family presence during the process directly impacts nursing. Nurses account for the largest group of health care professionals in the nation (IOM, ***). Therefore, it should not be unexpected that they are thought of as the face of health care. Nurses provide not only direct patient care and education, but also frequently interact with the families of their patients. In a resuscitation situation nurses are called to serve in vital roles. Families are likely to look to a familiar and comforting figure for direction and information during this stressful and critical time. The nursing staff will need to facilitate caring for the patient as well as the family which cou...