History of the Drama
Who’s Afraid of Virgina Woolf is famous absurd play written by Edward Albee. It was first performed on ocatobar in New York and it won the New York drama critics Circle award and the Tony Award for the season 1962-63 season. In American society it bought the major shakeup which was yet to be seen in the future. In the late 1960s economically as well as socially America was being homogenized through cold war, planned suburbs and fast food culture. Different voices like Albee came to the world in the late 1960s.
Auther Biography
Edward Albee is numbered among the most acclaimed and controversial playwrights of the United states. Albee was born on March12 , 1928. He was the adopted son of Frances Albee and Reed. In the early childhood he had an introduction to the theatre and even he bagan attending theatre performances.Albee attented many private and military schools and briefly enrolled at connecticuts Trinity college. After education he held a variety of jobs for some next decades. He worked as a writer for WNYC-radio, an office boy for an advertising agency and a record salesman too.Albee achieved only limited success so at the age of thirty He returned to writing plays and made an huge impact on society with his ona act THE ZOO STORY (1959). Albee launched his career after the success of THE ZOO STORY and after that he became more famous with his play WHO’S AFRAID OF VIRGINIA WOOLF?, A DELICATE BALANCE and THREE TALL WOMEN.
CONTEXT
Edward Albee’s drama who”s afraid of Virginia woolf? is not areal drama of absurd but still we can capture some elements of an absurd drama in it.The play is combination of a realistic as well as absurd drama. IT blends elements of taa...
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... express the senselessness of the human condition, abandons the use of rational devices and thought and the latter follows the tradition of the well-made play employing logically constructed reasoning and wholly consistent characters .
One of its aspects is satire; it criticizes the absurdity of lives lived unaware and unconscious of ultimate reality and the deadness and mechanical senselessness of half-conscious lives. Its goal is to make people aware of "man's precarious and mysterious position in the universe. It is not concerned with ideological considerations or heroic deeds but with a man’s "descent into the depths of his personality, his dreams, fantasies and nightmare .The Theatre of the Absurd is a theatre of situation asagainst a theatre of events in sequence. It does not employ psychology, subtlety of characterization and plot in the conventional sense.
Johnsen, William. "Finding the Father:Virginia Woolf, Modernism, and Feminism." February 28, 2003. http://www.msu.edu/course/eng/492h/johnsen/CH6.htm April 16, 2003.
Virginia Woolf, in her novels, set out to portray the self and the limits associated with it. She wanted the reader to understand time and how the characters could be caught within it. She felt that time could be transcended, even if it was momentarily, by one becoming involved with their work, art, a place, or someone else. She felt that her works provided a change from the typical egotistical work of males during her time, she makes it clear that women do not posses this trait. Woolf did not believe that women could influence as men through ego, yet she did feel [and portray] that certain men do hold the characteristics of women, such as respect for others and the ability to understand many experiences. Virginia Woolf made many of her time realize that traditional literature was no longer good enough and valid. She caused many women to become interested in writing, and can be seen as greatly influential in literary history
William Shakespeare’s dramatic and poetic techniques and his use of hyperbole are used to describe the characters emotions and weaknesses. The use of dramatic irony is used to create personal conflict. This is done throughout the play to describe the characters concerns and their situations.
Power Struggles are very common is many marriages. In Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, by Edward Albee, the relationship or marriage between George and Martha is based in power. The power struggle between George and Martha has become the basis of their relationship. Their love has turned into hate. The only connection they have is through their insults and the series of games they play. The power struggle between George and Martha develops is reveled and is resolved through out the play.
Fears are an overwhelming aspect of our life from birth until old age. Whether we fear an object such as something lying underneath the bed, a certain figure such as Michael Myers, or an intangible idea such as the future or even death, fear always exists. In several cases, fear leads to a suppression of one’s self and the wonderful ideas that one’s minds may contain. For example, the cure to cancer could very well be trapped inside the mind of someone who has been constantly oppressed and taught to believe that they are not smart enough to get far in life. In “Professions for Women,” author Virginia Woolf persuades her audience, intellectual women, to overcome her insecurities in order to improve her life. To soundly achieve this purpose, Woolf utilizes rhetorical questions, an extended metaphor, and allusion.
From the beginning of modern civilization those in a society have tried their best to join the status quo. Everyone feels that they look and act the same as others around them as to reassure themselves that they are normal and that they will be accepted into society. This type of conformity is seen greatly throughout the play Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf in its main characters George, Martha, Nick and Honey. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf shows how a typical family is supposed to look to the outside, prim and polished, but which secretly holds their own internal problems that eventually spill out for all to see, in turn forcing their supposed peace in conformity to become chaos in their reality.
Emily Dickinson once wrote “Much madness is divinest/Sense-To a discerning Eye.” Often in literature, a character’s madness or foolish action plays an important role. Such is the case with the play Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? written in 1962, by Edward Albee. The author develops and revisits the inner conflict of Martha, the protagonist, which results from the struggle between her and society throughout the plot to highlight the theme of struggle between reality and illusion. Martha’s madness is used by Albee to reveal characteristics of American society in the 50s and 60s that reveal the seemingly mad behavior as reasonable.
The play defies easy definition and various critics have labeled it variously as absurdist, existentialist, comical, burlesque, metaphorical or grim. The playwright on the other hand maintained that all through the creation of his work he strove to bring in the comic element and any tragedy that seems part of the play, may have crept in inadvertently and whenever it has been staged as a serious play, audience reaction to it has been cold.
Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Fun and Games – What are the games, and how much fun do people have? The play begins with George and Martha, who have just returned from a welcoming-party at the college. From the first moments of the play, the audience are made aware of the great differences between these two characters. Martha is said to be a “large, boisterous” woman, whereas George is referred to as a “thin” man, with hair that is going grey.
George is an intelligent character and his education shoes when he speaks. His intelligence is displayed with his eloquent way of speaking.
Edward Albee burst onto the American theatrical scene in the late 1950s with a variety of plays that detailed the agonies and disillusionment of that decade and the transition from the calm Eisenhower to the turbulent 1960s. Albee became a serious dramatist dealing with serious but always relevant themes, primarily having to do with the predicament of humanity in a society with moral decay, as well as the conflict between reality and illusion. His work is considered to be unique, uncompromising, controversial, elliptical, and provocative.
The action the audience is forced to recognize in Six Characters is subtly broached in Chekhov's play. It is discussion, and it is real discussion. People are different, and people are unpredictable. Reality is tragically inane, and that is what the theatre shows best.
Clurman, Harold. "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" Edward Albee: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. C.W.E. Bigsby. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall 1975. 76-79
The survival of theatre lies in the very nature of humankind: its inner voyeuristic drive. The desire to watch other people dealing with their conflicts and fates challenges as well as reinforces values and the morality of society. The theatre provides an exciting opportunity to watch stories and situations as if they were real life, showing us the truth of our nature.
Virginia Woolf’s novel Mrs. Dalloway details the life of Mrs. Dalloway – a fictional high class woman in post WW1 England. The novel epitomizes the beliefs and ideas of modernist literature. The themes of “horrors of war”, “fear of death” and “metafiction” are predominant themes shown through literary and rhetorical devices such as polysyndeton, anadiplosis, imagery, and metaphors.