Microphones are used everywhere, from stage performances, broadcasting, and even talking on the phone. The microphone is a transducer, a machine that changes one form energy to another form of energy.
“Microphone is a device which converts a acoustic energy (received as vibratory motion of air particles) into electrical energy (sent along the microphone cable as vibratory motion of elementary electrical particles called ‘electrons’) (Borwick 1990). A collector of sound is basically what a microphone is. A problem can happen because of the acoustical energy in the voices of people and instruments start and stop. (Clifford 1992). The basic part is the diaphragm that responds to pressure or the particle velocity of the sound waves. Microphone the term came around about 1827 in a description by Wheatstone’s about an acoustic device. (Borwick 1990) The person who invented the workable microphone is Alexander Graham Bell around 1876. According to this article the first few forms of the microphone was invented by Emile Berliner, David E. Hughes, and Thomas A. Edison around 1877. “The carbon microphone which was used in the first telephones and was very popular in telephones until about 1970 contained loose packed carbon grains. (Ballou 1991) Microphones, over the years have improved in quality and the prices are getter lower. (Eargle 1981)
“As a collector of sound a microphone must fulfill three basic requirements: to provide an electrical signal well above the microphone’s self noise; to provide undistorted output over a wide dynamic range, and, when used with associated equipment, to respond equally well to all frequencies produced by the sound source.” (Clifford 1992)
All microphones have a certain response, which is called p...
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...To Guide: Microphone Selection and Placement. Church Production Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.churchproduction.com/go.php/article/how_to_guide_microphone_selection_and_placement
Borwick, J. (1990). Microphone. London, England: Focal Press.
Eargle, J. (1981). The Microphone Handbook. Plainview, Ny: Elar Publishing Co.
Huber, D. M., & Runstein, R. E. (2010). Microphones: Design and Application. In Modern Recording Techniques. (7th ed.). (pp. 111-170). Oxford, United Kingdom: Focal Press.
Lau, P. (2011). An Introduction To NON-CONDENSER & CONDENSER MICROPHONES. Canadian Musician, 33(4), 60.
Martin, C. (1982). Microphones. (2nd ed.). Pennsylvania: TAB Books Inc.
Microphone. (2011). Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, 1.
Owsinski, B. (2005). Mic Specs Demystified. Electronic Musician, 78.
Stephens, S. (2004). Got Mic?. Your Church, 50(3), 51.
Anderson, Rick. "Johann Adolf Hasse. (Sound Recording Reviews)." Notes 58.4 (2002): 902. Academic OneFile. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
If you put your finger gently on a loudspeaker you will feel it vibrate - if it is playing a low note loudly you can see it moving. When it moves forwards, it compresses the air next to it, which raises its pressure. Some of this air flows outwards, compressing the next layer of air. The disturbance in the air spreads out as a travelling sound wave. Ultimately this sound wave causes a very tiny vibration in your eardrum - but that's another story.
and sounds that this can create are put to good use to add to the
Automatic speech recognition is the most successful and accurate of these applications. It is currently making a use of a technique called “shadowing” or sometimes called “voicewriting.” Rather than have the speaker’s speech directly transcribed by the system, a hearing person whose speech is well-trained to an ASR system repeats the words being spoken.
3. Variable-Speech Control Tape Recorder: This is similar to any generic tape recorder, and can be found in most electronics stores. The component that is benef...
The telephone was said to be invented by Alexander Graham Bell, some critics believe that the real inventor was a man named Elisha Gray. After many debates people commonly now believe that Alexander Graham Bell invented the first telephone. Inspired by his deaf parents he wanted to invent something that people could use easily and was easy to access. So he worked on his invention day and night for many days. Eventually He got the perfect thing that he had been looking for. He had finally invented a device that you could hear human voices through technology. On March 7, 1876 after all of Alexander G. Bell’s hard work he patented his great invention...
A transducer is a mechanism that changes one form of energy to another form. A toaster is a transducer that turns electricity into heat; a loudspeaker is a transducer that changes electricity into sound. Likewise, an ultrasound transducer changes electricity voltage into ultrasound waves, and vice versa. This is possible because of the principle of piezoelectricity, which states that some materials (ceramics, quartz, and others) produce a voltage when deformed by an applied pressure. Conversely, piezoelectricity also results in production of a pressure whe...
Sound is a type of longitudinal wave that originates as the vibration of a medium (such as a person’s vocal cords or a guitar string) and travels through gases, liquids, and elastic solids as variations of pressure and density. The loudness of a sound perceived by the ear depends on the amplitude of the sound wave and is measured in decibel, while its pitch depends on it frequency measured in hertz, (Shipman-Wilson-Higgins, 2013).
2013. The. Recording Manual - Construction. [online] Available at: http://www.johnlsayers.com/Recmanual/Titles/Acoustics3.htm [Accessed: 25 Nov 2013].
The Telephone System The telephone is one of the most creative and prized inventions in the world. It has advanced from its humble beginnings to its wireless communication technology today and for the future. The inhabitants of the earth have long communicated over a distance, which has been done by shouting from one hilltop or tower to another. The word "telephone" originated from a combination of two Greek words: "tele", meaning far off, and "phone", meaning voice or sound, and became the known term for "far- speaking." A basic telephone usually contains a transmitter, that transfers the caller's voice, and a receiver, that amplifies sound from an In the transmitter there are two common kinds of transmitters: the carbon transmitter, and the electric transmitter.
... middle of paper ... ... References Fletcher, N., Martin, D. and Smith, J. (2008) Musical instruments, in AccessScience, McGraw-Hill Companies, Retrieved November 25, 2011 from http://www.accessscience.com.ezproxy.hacc.edu. Henderson, T. (2011). The 'Standard'.
Despite the short amount of time since the introduction of the smartphone, the rapid development of the software and technology has had a tremendous effect on the everyday life of society today. The concept of communicating through a telephone was developed in the 1870s. Devices to transmit speech electrically were designed by Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell, but Bell's design was patented first. On March 10, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell achieved one of his greatest successes in the making of the telephone. This brought upon a major change in communication and gave leeway to the improvement of the telephone in the days to come (Bellis, 2013b).
“Sound or acoustic energy involves the actual vibration of the actual material through which it passes and thus, in general, propagates best through solids and liquids, less well in gasses and not at all in a vacuum” (Wright et al., 1995, p. 70)
The acoustic speech signal itself can be analysed by creating spectrograms. Each speech signal contains information across multiple frequencies which, when charted on a spectrogram, tend to form bands known as formants. Initial attempts to understand speech percep...
There is not many information on acoustic waves but it was interesting researching this topic. The little that I found was really cool and I’m glad I did this essay on such a topic. Acoustic waves are all around us and are important in science.