Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
The meaning of intelligence
Definition of intelligence and its forms essay
Definition of intelligence and its forms essay
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: The meaning of intelligence
The concept of intelligence is not generally considered to be controversial. However, it is an idea that can be very tricky to define. Different psychologists have come up with several different theories to answer the question "What is intelligence?", and, though they overlap, there is no universally accepted definition. Additionally, because it is difficult to quantitatively measure intelligence, the connotation of the word “intelligence” must be taken into account in the definition. A possible definition of intelligence is "the ability to excel in a certain area that involves rational thought." Because excellence is subjective, it is important to note that this definition requires that a comparison be used. For instance, an intelligent person is someone who excels above the norm in a certain subject or area involving rational thought. A dolphin is very intelligent in the realm of other animals, but a specific dolphin might not be intelligent compared to other dolphins.
The question of how to define intelligence is not new. Psychologists have been working for years to determine a way to categorize, measure, and define intelligence, and there are several theories that have stood out. The first widely known theory was developed by the British psychologist Charles Spearman, who was born in 1863. After conducting tests that measured subjects' mental abilities, "he concluded that intelligence is general cognitive ability that could be measured and numerically expressed" (Cherry). His theory is known as general intelligence. The "dictionary.com" definitions of intelligence include the "capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity; aptitude in grasping truths, relationships, facts,...
... middle of paper ...
...00 signs in sign language, and refers to himself as "Orangutan Person," whereas other, less sophisticated orangutans receive the label of "orange dog" (Antonetta, 2005). This shows a linguistic (verbal) intelligence and an introspective intelligence that significantly exceeds the currently known abilities of the majority of animals. To determine whether or not Chantek is intelligent compared to other orangutans, research would have to be done to test the cognitive abilities of many other apes.
Works Cited
http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/6474/
http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/152/
http://www.aboutintelligence.co.uk/the-theory-multiple-intelligences.html
http://psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/p/intelligence.htm
dictionary.com
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologicaltesting/a/int-history.htm
Webster's Collegiate Dictionary defines intelligence as the capacity to apprehend facts and propositions, to reason about them, and the ability to understand them and their relations to each other. A. M. Turing had this definition in mind when he made his predictions and designed his test, commonly known as the Turing test. His test is, in principle, simple. A group of judges converse with different entities, some computers and some human, without knowledge of which is which. The job of the judges is to discern which entity is a computer. Judges may ask them any question they like, "Are you a computer?" excepted, and the participants may answer with anything they like, and in turn, ask questions of the judges. The concept of the test is not difficult, but creating an entity capable of passing the test with current technology is virtually impossible.
The definition of intelligence has been a major source of debate. There seem to be as many definitions of intelligence as there are individuals asked to define the concept. One possible definition is that “general intelligence is actually a conglomeration of perhaps 100 abilities working together in various ways in different people to bring out different intelligences” (Plucker 2007). This theory of general intelligence originally was identified by Raymond Cattell and late...
One leading theoretician, Charles Spearman (1927), proposed that there is a single entity that he called general intelligence (g), which each adult has to some degree. Even though g cannot be measured directly, it can be inferred from various abilities, such as memory, reasoning, and vocabulary. Measuring those abilities produces an IQ score. That score correlates with health
Intelligence can be defined in several ways. Intelligence is a combination of abilities, for example, recognizing reality, adjusting to evolving conditions, problem solving, and knowledge. One of the most important aspects of intelligence is an organism being able to familiarize itself with the environment. The testing of intelligence is to analyze the way an individual thinks and the way he or she reasons, not to understand the how much information he or she has obtained. The problem that arises is the questions do not mean the same thing in every culture, so it becomes difficult to analyze the intelligence of more than one culture with the use of the same test.
Psychologists relied on statistical results because it involves vast number of people, making it reliable. Intelligence is a behavior or thinking produced by our personality; some say it is whatever intelligence measures. Intelligent theories also argue if it is a divergent or unity ability, yet some argue about even considering it as a part of personality. Personalities like intelli...
Throughout psychological research there are many psychometric theorists with a range of significant theories for intelligence, examples include; Charles Spearman and his theory of ‘g’ in 1927, Cattell’s 1963 theory of fluid ‘Gf’ and crystallized intelligence ‘Gc’, John Carroll’s 1997 three tiered model of intelligence, Sternberg’s layperson’s definition, Howard Gardner’s 1983 theory of multiple intelligence and Salovey and Mayer’s 1990 theory of emotional intelligence.
Controversy, controversy, and more controversy; and, here again, we have varied opinions as to how intelligence is defined. Psychologists continue to debate as to what exactly constitutes or defines intelligence. Whether it is an aptitude, or a range of aptitudes or a single general intelligence derived from a mental ability or physical ability continues to be the argument.
“Intelligence is the capacity to do something useful in the society in which we live. Intelligence is the ability to respond successfully to new situations and the capacity to learn from one’s past experiences.” Dr. Howard Gardner, author, Frames of Mind and Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice.
Intelligence is “the capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity.” (dictionary.com) As humans, our intelligence is derived from and developed through nurture: our surroundings, environment, and experiences. Our intellect is developed throughout our lives, with assistance from our early childhood development, our families, and through schooling.
People have many different standards of intelligence and it is has a high value in our society. Intelligence is something that manymost people would describe as one’syour ability to perform equations and solve problems or even know how to pick up on someone’s feelings. There are many ways that people measure intelligence. One popular way of measuring intelligence is intelligence tests which have been highly regarded by many for decades. Most people today would say that intelligence testing accurately displays someone’s intelligence. However, intelligence testing may not truly be a good measure of intelligence. Intelligence is categorized in many different
Intelligence by definition is “the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills” (Oxford Dictionary, 2014). However, many psychologists argue that there is no standard definition of ‘intelligence’, and there have been many different theories over time as psychologists try to find better ways to define this concept (Boundless 2013). While some believe in a single, general intelligence, others believe that intelligence involves multiple abilities and skills. Another largely debated concept is whether intelligence is genetically determined and fixed, or whether is it open to change, through learning and environmental influence. This is commonly known as the nature vs. nurture debate.
We have different ways to define intelligence. According to things that we refer and understand, to our view it is what helps us to acquire knowledge, learn and to solve the problems that occur. About Emotional Intelligence. (n.d.).
Intelligence Quotient is a score designed to calculate an individual’s reasoning ability. IQ tests are derived from a series of standardized tests that were built with the purpose of assessing human intelligence. The first practical intelligence test was invented by the French psychologist named Alfred Binet. Although Alfred Binet, was the first to create a practical test to identify students in need of assistance; intelligence testing and classifying people through their intelligence has always been a historical attempt and issue.
Dictionary.com defines intelligence as the capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity; aptitude in grasping truths, relationships, facts, meanings, etc (intelligence, 2016). What does this mean and how does it apply to the average person? For the purpose of this paper I will be using theories from Piaget (Concrete-operational and Formal-operational periods), Gardner (Multiple intelligences) and Sternberg (Triarch) in an attempt to gain better insight into human intelligence.
Intelligence – the ability to learn or understand or deal with new or trying situations.