Fig 1.0 shows the possible relationship that might exist between the main variables of the study: Self Consciousness, Couple Power and Marital Satisfaction. It has been cited in many studies that there is a positive significant relationship existing between the variables. The study would like to know if the affirmation of the relationship exists in the Philippine context with the househusbands as the respondents of the study.
To support the study, researchers used Private and Public Self-Consciousness Theory by Alan Fenigstein, Michael Scheier, and Arnold Buss developed on 1975, Family Power Model by Ronald Cromwell and David Olson (1975), and Equity theory of John Stacey Adams (1960).
Private and Public Self-Consciousness theory focuses on
Cromwell and Olson classified three distinct domains of power: power bases, power processes, and power outcomes. These three distinct domains were mainly applied on the family since this model was used extensively on many studies pertaining to marital or couple power. Power bases are the resources possessed by an individual or a couple (or the rest of the family members) that forms the footing of whom is the most authoritative among the family. Resources here involve the occupational and income status of the couple just like the idea on Blood and Wolfe’s theory (Olson & Defrain, 1994). Generally, the person with the most resources is the person with greatest power (Blood and Wolfe, 1960). The second domain is power processes. It focuses on the interpersonal relationship of an individual to the family or simply family interaction. According to Cromwell and Olson (1975) power processes include interactional techniques that are salient when a disagreement occurs within the family. Such techniques are persuasion, assertiveness, problem-solving, and ability to demand. Power outcomes is the third domain on which the one who has the greater power is the person who has more say and has the final decision (Gray-Little, 1982; Blood & Wolfe, 1960). Therefore, the person who makes the ultimate decision (such as what to buy,
Roland Barthes’s the Fashion System is criticized by Schier “there is certainly something to the idea that we say things with what we choose to wear, though we must not press too hard to find a set of rules conceded in every choice.” [Davis, 1992, Page 6]
Raven, Bertram, and John French. Jr. "Legitimate Power, Coercive Power, and Observability in Social Influence ." Sociometry Vol. 21.No. 2 (1958): 83. Web. 2 Aug 2010. .
power as occurring in a situation where "A has power over B to the extent he can
In everyday life, each ( infant, toddler, adult) observe others person’s actions and behavior and make inferences about other’s attitude based on what they see and find. Psychologist Daryl Ben (1967) who developed SPT (Self-Perception Theory) state that, people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior. Parents and primary caregivers play a significant role in child’s developing self-concept and self-esteem.
C. Wright Mills in his article “ The Structure of Power in American Society” writes that when considering the types of power that exist in modern society there are three main types which are authority, manipulation and coercion. Coercion can be seen as the “last resort” of enforcing power. On the other hand, authority is power that is derived from voluntary action and manipulation is power that is derived unbeknownst to the people who are under that power.
Modell, Arnold H. (1924) The private self. Copyright 1993 by the president and fellows of Harvard College. Library of congress cataloging in publication data.
Power and conflict, important structures in society, clarify difficult concepts in society; although this can be considered an obvious assertion, many different sociological theories attempt to comprehend the centrality of power and conflict and apply it to everyday life. Max Weber
When detecting my past and current relationships, I determined that I experienced power struggles in intimate relationships. Of the six bases of power enumerated in the text, I resisted against coercive and legitimate power. Coercive power, with a punishment resource, reflects the indication of doing something to an individual that they do not desire, or removing something that they do desire. This coercive power suggests inflicting punishments, or
To have power means to have control. The battle for power is a great one in any marriage. It is something that deals with the ability to make an effect or impact. Though it is not necessarily a good or bad thing, it can be used incorrectly on a partner. Some people expect their marriage to go smoothly with no complications along the way. Sometimes they automatically assume their relationship will be egalitarian, that they will share equal roles, but this is not always the case. There can be both constructive and destructive consequences with measuring power and multiple ways to attain it, but in the end, it is one of the most significant issues in marriage.
Sociologists look at society from either a macro or micro view and the theories that define their work are based on those perspectives. There are several family theories that we learned about this semester. Briefly, Structural-Functionalism and Conflict Theory are “macro” theories in sociology. Structural-Functionalism sees society as a living machine made up of different parts which work together for the good of society. Individuals, as well as Institutions work together, and the family is the key to the well-functioning machine. Emile Durkheim, considered the Father of Sociology argues social solidarity, where people do the right thing, create harmony and have shared values. According to Durkheim the nuclear family is the only type of institution that can achieve that. Conflict Theory sees society as a pyramid with those at the top having more power and influence than those at the bottom. Males in society have more power than females. There is a power imbalance, which could lead to oppression o...
Ratra, Amiteshwar et.al. Marriage and Family. Deep and Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi: 2006.
As couples may come to counseling the have pre-existing ideas of problems in their marriage but as the sessions continue other problems may arise that are the cause for the presenting problems. Assessment help to establish the problem and aid in creating a treatment plan for the couple, assessment can consist of notes, observation, inventories, daily logs, and behavioral monitoring. Using a combination of these sources and understanding what arears to asses will help in making an initial treatment plan that will be altered throughout sessions if needed. Communication may be the number one issues in marriage as I have read in the text when couples communicate they have power rules that they are unaware of, the context of communication is important, openness of communication is important but too much sharing of negative feelings can be damaging. My goal is to help them change the unhelpful patterns of communication. The most interesting information in this chapter was the four level of conflicts by Guerin, the level of conflict the couple is on will determine the prognosis of their marriage. By level four usually all hope is lost as one of the couple has already started to think and/or prepare for divorce. Assessment of commitment is also important, assessing their commitment to spirituality, their marriage and counseling. It takes a lot of work and willingness of the client in order for change to happen and without commitment to these three areas change will not happen and marital satisfaction will not
This information is very beneficial to couples because they will now be more prepared to face this inevitable problem that happens to everyone. Some limitations of this experiment is that all the subjects were from one place. A better sample subject could be obtained from picking the samples from across the countries in order to get a better representation. Also the duration of this experiment was 5 years. It is possible that marital satisfaction could improve in a longer experiment. Although this experiment helps confirm some of the questions about the transition to parenthood, many more questions arise from the result. One such question is if nonparents have more marital satisfaction than parents, why do they get divorced more than parents? In the future it would be interesting to test out the benefits of having children and comparing it to the negatives.
Power is defined as the possibility of imposing ones will upon the behaviour of other persons. Power is very complex, contextual, socially malign and socially essential. So why do we seek power? Power is sought so that one can advance their own interests; pass on their personal, religious and social values onto others and for the joy that comes with exercising it. There are three instruments of power described by Galbraith (1983) they are: Condign, compensatory and conditioned power. Galbraith (1983) also explains three sources of power which allow individuals or groups the right to exercise power. These sources are personality, property and organisation.
According to Max Weber, power is an aspect of social relationships. It refers to the possibility of imposing one’s will upon the behaviour of another person. Power is present in social interaction and creates situations of inequality since the one who has power imposes it on others.